growth stages of a rice plant

... oxyheme appeared at 540 and 579 nm Then, a broad band appeared at around 660 nm, and was maximal 9–12 after initiation of the reaction The spectral features of the final reaction mixture were analogous, ... absorption bands Heme catabolism by HOs of mammals, pathogenic bacteria, cyanobacteria and probably insects is considered to have a similar mechanism, because the characteristic absorption bands of verdoheme ... several angiosperms (tobacco, tomato, pea, soybean, rice plant, sorghum, Arabidopsis thaliana), and a gymnosperm (loblolly pine) [8] So far, the HY1 gene and the HO3 and HO4 genes of Arabidopsis...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 05:20

... biochemical analyses reported above A Electron cryomicroscopy and image analysis of the two-dimensional arrays B Fig Analysis of polypeptide composition of grana preparation Comparison of (A) SDS ⁄ PAGE ... projection appearance of negatively stained dimeric PSII core arrays [14,37,39–41] The arrangement of the particles within the array is such that they are substantially separated from each other and ... treatment produced grana membranes free from stroma lamellae Among a range of detergent concentrations used, 0.1% a- DM allowed the isolation of a pelletable fraction that, upon negative staining, showed...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 10:20

... [http://www.biomedcentral.com/content/supplementary/14712229-9-63-S2.doc] 10 Additional file Characterization of variant AFLP and MSAP bands Chromosomal location and functional homology of isolated variant AFLP and MSAP fragments from the mutator phenotype ... studies have established that the intrinsic DNA methylation patterns in both plants and animals are faithfully maintained and perpetuated by coordinated function of at least two classes of DNA methyltransferases ... (13) of Alteration Alteration in transcript abundance of a set (13) of genes encoding for putative DNA methyltransferases (a) , 5methylcytosine DNA glycosylases (b), and siRNA pathway-related...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 03:20

... sativa ssp tropical japonica) is a commercial rice variety developed by EMBRAPA-CNPAF (Goiania, Brazil) and has been cultivated since 1992 in Brazil and other places in Latin America and the Caribbean ... selected as a mapping population for agronomic evaluation and molecular characterization [Additional file 1: Figure S1] Phenotypic evaluation Methods Plant materials The recurrent parent Caiapó (O sativa ... with a total of 80 plants evaluated for each genotype Two evaluations were made, the first one 30 days after planting and the second one 60 days after planting Final line reaction was based on...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 03:21

... We also thank Sayoko Takizawa and Chika Yamamoto for the excellent technical assistance This work was supported in part by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Priority Areas and a Grant-in-Aid ... several mutant genes that had been previously characterized (Figure and Table 1) [33] The Tax∆C gene contains a C-terminal four-amino acid deletion abrogating PBM in Tax1 Tax35 1A and Tax35 3A are ... Sci U S A 1980, 77:7415-7419 Hinuma Y, Nagata K, Hanaoka M, Nakai M, Matsumoto T, Kinoshita KI, Shirakawa S, Miyoshi I: Adult T-cell leukemia: antigen in an ATL cell line and detection of antibodies...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 09:21

... have earnestly caring father R Gnanasambandam, ever affectionate mother G Rajakumari and lovable husband Dr H Hariharan I am grateful to my sister Dr G Kalarani and her husband Dr M G Mohan and ... crystals in aqueous solutions predicted from simulations (Gnanasambandam and Rajagopalan 2010; Gnanasambandam and Rajagopalan 2010 (Accepted for publication)) and (B) Morphology of glycine crystals in ... Gnanasambandam, S., Jianwen, J and R Rajagopalan (2009) Growth Morphology of Alpha Glycine crystals in Aqueous Solutions: A Computational Study, ICMAT-IUMRS, ICA, SUNTEC Singapore, June 30 Gnanasambandam,...

Ngày tải lên: 11/09/2015, 10:05

... the latter harder to perceive without a full quantitative analysis) near the interfaces relative to the bulk In general, an examination of a large number of such snapshots reveals that on the average ... observations of Lavah and Leiserowitz (Lahav and Leiserowitz 2001) for glycine crystals grown in aqueous media Lavah and Leiserowitz (Lahav and Leiserowitz 2001) also reported a bipyramidical shape ... (Gnanasambandam and Rajagopalan 2010; Gnanasambandam and Rajagopalan 2010 (Accepted for publication)) and (B) Morphology of glycine crystals in methanol/water mixtures predicted from simulations The reduced...

Ngày tải lên: 11/09/2015, 10:05

... proportion of dead larvae to applied larvae (%) Missing larvae were grouped within the mortality category (i.e as dead larvae) 2.4 Protein extraction and immunoblot analysis Results and discussion About ... M.J Adang, R.E Lynch, W.F Anderson, A Wang, G Cardineau, P Ozias-akins, Expressing of a Bacillus thuringiensis cryIA(c) gene in transgenic peanut plants and its efficiency against lesser corn stalk ... of transgenic rice (Oryza sati 6a) plants from agronomically important indica and japonica varieties via electric discharge particle acceleration of exogenous DNA into immature zygotic embryos,...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 22:20

... optimal The material was, however, a waste of a local quarry and there was a request for its testing as a cheap environmentally-friendly basic amendment at that time A scaled rod was used to measure ... the Spekol 210 apparatus, plant available Ca and Mg by AAS (Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy) The samples of assimilatory tissues and soil samples were analyzed at the Tomáš Laboratory using the ... induced a growth retardation of Carpathian birch is still to be done and should be a topic of further research Despite some growth retardation of Carpathian birch, the application of basic amendments...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 10:22

... with some avascular areas, mild disorganization of the capillary architecture and absent or some ramified capillaries Finally, the late pattern criteria were irregular enlargement of capillaries, ... few or absent giant capillaries, absence of hemorrhages, severe loss of capillaries with large avascular areas, severe disorganization of the normal capillary distribution and frequent ramified/ ... examination was started The nailfolds of all 10 fingers were analyzed for the following parameters: presence of enlarged and giant capillaries, pericapillary edema, hemorrhages, loss of capillaries,...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 06:22

... maintained at above 4.0 mg/L throughout the experiment pH of the reactor was maintained at 7.5 + 0.3 with manual addition of acid (HCl) and base (NaHCO3) Approximately 15 ml of biofilm particles ... nitrification process Wat Res., 29(3), 953-963 Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater (1995) 19th ed., American Public Health Association/ American Water Works Association/ Water ... half saturation concentration, Ks, had a low sensitivity The purpose of a sensitivity analysis is to check if the model parameters can be adequately determined with the aid of the available data...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 08:40

... southern Asia, and it is a staple food for a large part of the world’s human population especially in east, south and south-east Asia, making it the most consumed cereal grain Rice bran oil is extracted ... Nwafor OMI, Rice G Performance of rapeseed oil blends in diesel engines Journal of Applied Energy 1996;64(4): Agarwal D.; Lokesh Kumar, and Agarwal, A. K 2008 Performance evaluation of a vegetable oil ... 349 Deepak Agarwal, Avinash Kumar Agarwal, Performance and emissions characteristics of Jatropha oil (preheated and blends) in a direct injection compression ignition engine, Applied Thermal Engineering...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 16:11

... N-Pro 208 aa 34 aa CT - ex Stop 114 aa Xho1 365 aa 24 aa 208 aa N-Pro N Pro II 24 aa Protease domain BamH H1 Start I 114 aa Pre A S Dutta et al Protease domain CT - ex 34 aa III 208 aa N-Pro NP ... protease from the latex of Ervatamia coronaria Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 62, 1947–1955 15 GuhaThakurta P, Biswas S, Chakrabarti C, Sundd M, Jagannadham MV & Dattagupta JK (2004) Structural basis of ... proteases [Erv -A, -B and –C (isolated from the latex of Ervatamia coronaria in our laboratory) and papain from Carica papaya (Merck, Kenilworth, NJ, USA)], two serine proteases [trypsin and chymotrypsin...

Ngày tải lên: 14/02/2014, 14:20

... values increase from G1P over PhyK to AppA by a factor of  2200 The conformational changes of AppA upon substrate binding facilitate a faster turnover of phytate and are in line with a higher specificity ... order to facilitate His-tag affinity purification The three distinct groups of HAPs are adapted to different habitats To support plant growth, bacteria not need to release phosphate as fast as the ... site-directed mutagenesis kit (Stratagene, La Jolla, CA, USA) Plasmid pET-1TK was used as template and Kleb(HtoA)fw (5¢-GCTTAGCCGCGCCGGCATTCG) and Kleb(HtoA)rv (5¢-CGAATGCCGGCGCGGCTAAGC) as primers...

Ngày tải lên: 16/02/2014, 09:20

... an amino acid at a particular position for this family of plant cysteine proteases The primers used were 5¢-TTGCCTGAGCATGTT GATTGGAGAGCGAAAG-3¢ (forward) and 5¢-GGGAT AATAAGGTAATCTAGTGATTCCAC-3¢ ... residues of the substrates are in bold Ervatamin -A Substrates N-benzoyl-Phe-Val-Arg-pNA D-Val-Leu-Lys-pNA D-Ile-Phe-Lys-pNA Ala-Ala-Val-Ala-pNA D-Ile-Pro-Arg-pNA Na-benzoyl-Arg-pNA D-Leu-Ser-Thr-Arg-pNA ... Fold of ervatamin -A The overall structure and fold of ervatamin -A is similar to that of ervatamin-B, ervatamin-C [27,35] and other members of the papain family, and is made up of two domains, L and...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 16:20

... Prado-Cabrero A, Estrada AF, Al-Babili S & Avalos J (2007) Identification and biochemical characterization of a novel carotenoid oxygenase: elucidation of the cleavage step in the Fusarium carotenoid ... Portais JC et al (2008) Strigolactone inhibition of shoot branching Nature 455, 189–194 11 Umehara M, Hanada A, Yoshida S, Akiyama K, Arite T, Takeda-Kamiya N, Magome H, Kamiya Y, Shirasu 15 17 18 ... 30 incubation assays using 30 lg of purified enzyme eluate For quantification, 200 lL of an acetonic solution of a- tocopherole acetate (1 mgÆmL)1) was added as internal standard to each assay prior...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 03:20

... were made with PYMOL [47] able sequences, some bacterial family 19 chitinases have catalytic domains that are at least as large as those of the plant enzymes and that may contain at least six ... Haemophilus influenzae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa Although many plant family 19 chitinases are known, crystal structures are available for only two of these [9,15–17] The first structure of a ... role of these glutamates was demonstrated by site-directed mutagenesis Table shows that all mutants had greatly reduced catalytic activity Some detectable activity was still left upon mutation of...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 11:20

... have been reported to act as phytotoxins [e.g cerato-platanin of Ceratocystis fimbriata f sp platani, Snodprot1 of Phaeosphaeria nodorum and Sp1 of Leptosphaeria maculans) or human allergens and ... culture filtrates of Ceratocystis fimbriata f sp platani, in the cell walls of ascospores, hyphae and conidia of this fungus The authors suggested that cerato-platanin may have a similar role to ... the generation of the EST database, and especially Patrizia Ambrosino and Luis Sanz for providing purified cell walls of plant pathogenic fungi The authors also wish to thank Christian Gamauf for...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 12:20

... percent of the amount of NADH used in our standard NR assay, and 60% of the amount of ATP in a GS assay, was converted into AMP within 10 at 30 °C by an amount of a Mono Q fraction that appeared ... trichloroacetic acid The A5 04 was measured and the c-glutamyl hydroxamate produced was quantified using commercial c-glutamyl hydroxamate as standard Control assays were performed in the absence of ATP ... in a 100-lL incubation at 30 °C for 10 min, using the amounts and concentrations of ATP and NADH used in standard GS and NR assays, respectively Data are presented as mean ± SEM Cofactor AMP...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 08:20

... strategies are relevant to writers of all abilities and should form part of every teacher’s repertoire of teaching approaches They can easily be adapted to suit all learners across Key Stages and and ... additional language In Wales, 98 languages are spoken by at least 8,000 children alongside Welsh and English and we need to take full advantage of this fact There is a significant body of research ... show that learners who speak more than one language have an increased ability to use and learn language in general Supporting the development of a learner’s use of the home language in addition...

Ngày tải lên: 10/03/2014, 05:20