... restructuring ofvalue chains in theglobal auto industry The impact of change on the components industry How changes in the nature oftheglobal assembly sector influence the nature ofthe components ... case of some firms in India, as shown in Box 11 In the first of these cases, the basis for theglobal role ofthe Indian company lies in the specific characteristics ofthe domestic marketThe ... strategies and the position ofthe local assemblers in theglobal operations ofthe leading global assembly firms Initially, the policy penalized the most successful and efficient ofthe South African...
... diameter ofthecarbon solid spheres is about 250 nm The yield ofthecarbon solid spheres is about 50–55% in the TEM observation Direct observation for the graphite structure ofthe as-prepared carbon ... shell growth, which has been proposed to explain the formation mechanism of solid carbon spheres [20] More energy may be needed for the formation ofthe spiral shell growth than that ofthecarbon ... carbon hollow capsules So, the reaction temperature needs to be increased further for the formation of solid carbon spheres The details ofthe process for the formation ofcarbon hollow spheres,...
... decomposition of CH4 to liberate carbon atoms The change of elastic energy and surface energy ofthecarbon layer caused the radius of curvature ofthe Ni catalyst particle to become small The rising ... become small The rising gradient ofthe surface energy, then enhanced the surface diffusion ofcarbon atoms from the bottom to the top ofthe Ni catalyst particles Therefore, significantly, a spindle-shaped ... hydrocarbon gas at the surface ofthe catalyst nanoparticles; (2) diffusion of resultant carbon atom in the nanoparticles to form the nucleation seed; and (3) precipitation ofcarbon atoms at the nanoparticle...
... statements (iv) Asset growth (ASGR): is calculated through the natural logarithm ofthe ratio between the total assets at the end ofthe financial year and total assets at the beginning ofthe same financial ... all other factors remaining constant The level of debt financing by the firm has impact in thevalueofthe firm’s assets Hamada (1972) and Sharpe (1964) specify their theories regarding the capital ... stock market dummy is better than that ofthe estimation model without industry dummy The results are the same in terms ofthe number of significant variables and the directions of relationship Of...
... implementation oftheglobal dumping regime 209 biased in favour ofthe Navy Twelve ofthe sixteen reactors disposed in the Kara Sea were dumped in this period, all of them before the entry into force ofthe ... and offices of several persons involved in the preparation of a report on the waste management ofthe Northern Fleet They later arrested one of them, a Russian citizen formerly with the Northern Fleet ... incident of dumping of liquid radioactive waste in the Sea of Japan to irresponsibility on the part ofthe Navy and the nuclear industry, the Russian Minister of Environment informed the Consultative...
... necessarily reflect the views ofthe Executive Directors ofthe World Bank or the governments they represent The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy ofthe data included in this work The boundaries, ... Because ofthe complexity of modeling sectors at a global level, none ofthe sectoral models is capable of choosing the optimal timing of investments This implies that the time-paths of investments ... maintenance costs The first part ofthe right side of equation (2) is referred to as the delta-P component ofthe cost of adaptation, and the second part as the delta-Q component These components...
... so-called “offshore financial centers” (OFCs) that not comply with international standards In addition to ongoing initiatives in the FATF and the OECD, the Report ofthe OFCs Working Group ofthe Financial ... gain access to the financial system If there is obscurity about their ownership, banks and other financial institutions may not be able to discover the identity ofthe beneficiary ofthe account ... global financial world, which is characterized by the high mobility of funds and the rapid development of new payment tools To secure the benefits ofthe international financial system, we, the...
... confirmed the active role of miR-23a in thegrowth promotion of malignant cells The fundamental function of miRNAs is to regulate their targets by direct cleavage of mRNA or by inhibition of protein ... in further studies Collectively, our studies demonstrate that miR-23a potently promotes thegrowthofthe gastric adenocarcinoma cell line MGC803, providing the first proofof-concept that there ... candidate target of miR-23a miR-23a expression level 20 growth activities at the same time points (Fig 2A) To detect the effect of miR-23a on the long-term and independent growth activity of MGC803...
... touch on the structure ofthevalue chain, from the financial risk involved in early exploration to the economics ofthe retail trade We devote one chapter to the potential impact of synthetic ... of key factors determine profitability (see Figures 31 and 32) On the revenue side, the significant factors are the average price of diamonds in the market, the amount of diamond content in the ... critical to the business of cutters and polishers, and the sale of rough diamonds occupies one ofthe key junctures on thevalue chain There are three types of rough-diamond sales: long-term contracts, ...
... for most ofthe companies in the dataset, this study first uses the number of employees as a proxy for the labor input The total labor cost can be thought of as a product ofthe number of employees ... Basically these tests are a series of F-tests of a group of linear restrictions that some of or all the 26 regression coefficients are the same between two subsets ofthe data The Fstatistics and the ... have lower extent of digitization due to the restriction ofthe physical nature of their product Therefore, it is hypothesized that IT capital contributes more to the performance of digital dot...
... predominant metric for the Programme; a sheet of paper with these three numbers should be placed on the desk of each ofthe Heads ofthe Spearheading Agencies at the beginning of each week This action ... predominant metric for the Programme; a sheet of paper with these three numbers should be placed on the desk of each ofthe Heads ofthe Spearheading Agencies at the beginning of each week This action ... improvements to the management approach and accountability over the last year, led from the most senior levels ofthe spearheading partners and ofthe governments ofthe countries affected by polio The World...
... status Well-off families know thevalueof high-quality preschool programs, and 70 percent of high-income families send their children to preschool (see Figure 2) At the other end ofthe income ... and they share with the Research and Policy Committee the privilege of submitting individual comments for publication The recommendations presented herein are those ofthe trustee members ofthe ... receive a voucher for use at the provider of their choice, but the expected amount ofthe voucher ($2,500 per child) is well below the cost of a high-quality program.163 Furthermore, teachers are only...
... discussion ofthe thermotropic phase behavior of Myr2Gro-PGro and other members ofthe homologous series of linear saturated PGs, see Zhang et al [24] The addition of mol percent of one ofthe three ... description ofthe thermotropic phase behavior of Myr2Gro-PCho and other members ofthe homologous series of linear disaturated PCs, the reader is referred to Lewis et al [22] The effect ofthe incorporation ... endotherm or endotherms induced by the addition ofthe peptide However, the magnitude ofthe effects of GS [9] and its three ring-size analogs on the thermotropic phase behavior ofthe phospholipids...
... reproducing their families regardless ofthevaluethemarket places on their lives, valorizing their existence, reproducing them for their own sake, even when the capitalists declare their uselessness ... immediate was the refusal ofthe slogans ofthe Marxist left, such as the ideas ofthe "general strike" or "refusal of work," both of which were never inclusive of house-workers Over time, the realization ... expansion ofthe labor market Globalization has produced a historic leap in the size ofthe world proletariat, through a global process of enclosures that has separated millions form their lands, their...
... GDP growth was little changed, as the slightly weaker underlying pace of economic activity suggested by the recent data was roughly offset by the anticipated effects ofthe continuation ofthe ... sustainable strengthening in the pace ofthe economic recovery Several members noted the benefits of accumulating further information that could help clarify the contours ofthe outlook for economic ... slightly The unemployment rate was 8.2 percent in June, the same as its average during the first half ofthe year The rate of long-duration unemployment stayed elevated, and the share of workers...
... changes in the rates ofthe RRs and therefore, facilitates the comparison of changes to the RR regime across countries However, the variable does not capture other important traits ofthe RRs such ... loans, and a decline in the level of credit available to the economy Ultimately, the costs of RRs are borne by the borrowers Therefore, RRs will lower the amount of credit in the economy (acting ... its market power on the deposit market; which implies that the rate paid for deposits is set at a rate ideposits, which is below the loan rate In the absence ofmarket power, and if the supply of...