growth and inflation in african regions

... non-wage income but inequality in non-farm income has declined between 2002 and 2004 and increased in 2006 and in 2008 In the case of expenditures, as statistics reveal, inequality in total expenditure ... for achieving economic growth, improving people’s living standard and, thereby, maintaining and strengthening the party’s political and economic control Economic reform under Doi Moi and its impacts ... Economics and Business 26, No 5E (2010) 11-23 spending and a liquidation of domestic saving Whilst the state’s earlier attempts to sustain central planning and its institutions succeeded in slowing...

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 13:20

... China Part Sustainable Growth EU Energy Policies and Sustainable Growth Carlo Andrea Bollino and Silvia Micheli Department of Economics, Finance and Statistics, University of Perugia Italy Introduction ... are the main drivers in the increase of energy demand as a result of their economic and population growth 5 EU Energy Policies and Sustainable Growth Fig Gross Inland Consumption in 2007 Source: ... projection period and the dirtiest fuel, i.e coal, is expanding its share to face the raising in energy consumption mainly driven by developing countries, such as China and India Actually, non-OECD...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 08:20

... seems 22 Sustainable Growth and Applications in Renewable Energy Sources to be an inherent property of life and evolution in general (Faber, 1987) The other side of demand growth – waste and pollution ... and gravitational lifting to higher altitudes and rain, iv) tidal energy is based on the earth-moon gravitational energy and stored in ocean movement, 24 Sustainable Growth and Applications in ... grids in the world combining data storage, computing power and sharing of applications in an entire nation To serve the aims of research, education, and diagnostics in the biomedical research and...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 08:20

... that it is not in the long term interest of the local community and society as a whole The phenomenon in principle is nothing new and appears already in ancient myth and religions, since it concerns ... network The interdisciplinary field of Human Ecology gives a framework also for the understanding and approaching of the Classic and Inverse Tragedy of the Commons for direct guidelines in the day-to-day ... the level of single components leading to huge individual and social paradoxical challenges of perceptions and understandings Sustained Renewability: Approached by Systems Theory and Human Ecology...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 08:20

... social and economic well being and is indispensable to most industrial and commercial wealth organization It is the key for relieving poverty, improving human welfare and raising living standards ... natural gas sharply increased and reacted to 50% in 2009 Natural gas has been fast-growing fuel of energy market in Turkey The tremendous growth and increased trend in gas demand during the period ... was 31% in 1970 and increased to 50% and 57% in 1989 and in 2009 respectively and this rate was met by coal The share of the renewable energy resources was 43% in 1970 and decreased to 33% in 2009...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 08:20

... E.(2003) The Importance of Lignite in Energy Production and Turkish Coal Enterprise In: Proceedings of the 18th International Mining Congress and Fair of Turkey Mining Engineers Chamber of Turkey Antalya ... hard coal 15%) in 1970, and it increased to 31% 74 Sustainable Growth and Applications in Renewable Energy Sources (lignite 19%, hard coal 12%) in 1990 with an increase rate of 16% In 2009, the ... production in 1970 The rate of electricity production using renewable energy resources and lignite had begun increasing in time and the share of the hard coal decreased to 1% until beginning of 1988 and...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 08:20

... Moreover, gaining the confidence and trust of the beneficiaries and overcoming some internal conflicts in the communities also require dedication and perseverance The education and training according ... model determines the point of generation and micro design to minimize costs, taking into account the demand, the wind resource and power generation equipment available in the area (cost and technical ... points  Definition of the network: connections between two points, and energy and power flow between the two points  Objective function: To minimize the investment cost considering wind turbines,...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 08:20

... heating and cooling has largely focused on new building standards Government interventions in heating and cooling have mainly consisted of establishing construction standards for buildings in ... obtained (Belgium, Greece and Spain), but in Czech Republic, it consist in a tax exemption of the income obtained from generating green electricity Finally, it can be said that only Spain and ... system (mandatory quotas) Different form Czech Republic, the Poland government maintains the tax exemption introduced in 1993 Incentives also remain valid in the United Kingdom where a duty incentive...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 08:20

... 2nd International conference on computer and automation Engineering Electrical and energy systems of IEEE volume pp 140-145, Singapore, 26-28 Feb, 2010 146 Sustainable Growth and Applications in ... steady state non linear set point positioning, then local small signal linear investigation For battery, the set point should be defined by the state of charge and the operating current But the ... 132 Sustainable Growth and Applications in Renewable Energy Sources This result corresponds to point d) in introduction (3.2.1.1) 3.2.1.4 “Linearised” pseudo-voltage using an exponential...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 08:20

... global and diffuse illuminances in 1-minute intervals are in Fig 19 with the Gv / Ev  Dv / Ev analysis in Fig 20 in 1-minute and in Fig 21 in hourly alternatives All four cases document the low and ... dependent on the half-day sunshine duration as documented in Fig 33 and 34 containing all 1994 morning and afternoon data recorded in Bratislava and in Athens first In the second step a more detail ... Fig 11 in 1-minute or in Fig 12 in the hourly alternative compared with Fig 13 and 14 In this cloudy case the Gv / Ev and Dv / Ev values is very high reaching 0.25 to 0.6 level indicating a very...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 08:20

... codes and standards summarised by inhabitants, investors and national institutions leads to relatively simple and realistic criteria with a reasonable and experience-based background including ... contaminated soils and/ or bringing the plant in contact with contaminated waters lead to slow but constant removal of the metal impurities and finally remediation of soil and waters According to ... frequency of dominant sky types found in the seasonal distribution (Kitttler et al., 2001) with prevailing overcast skies in type and and clear sky types 12 and 11 in Bratislava, while in Athens the...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 08:20

... with Ce and Ti in the form of metal oxides Elemental analysis data definitely prove (figs 10 and 11) that Ce and Ti are present in investigated hybrid 198 Sustainable Growth and Applications in Renewable ... disrupted and finally terminated During impregnation in most Salix viminalis samples (sections of rod) no visible morphological changes were observed and the 20 cm long sections retained their original ... the Fenton reaction involving Fe2+ ions and yielding dangerous hydroxyl radical OH, increasing of concentration of endogenous antioxidants and/ or inhibition of enzymes stimulating the formation...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 08:20

... Biotech and Bioengineering 22:699734 226 Sustainable Growth and Applications in Renewable Energy Sources Maramba, F.D Sr 1978 Biogas and Waste Recycling Regal Printing Company, Manila Philippines ... developing of such technologies including massive information campaign and training and improvement of local expertise in the use of advanced materials and process equipment for biomass conversion into ... agro-based industries The demand for hydrogen in the hydrotreating and hydrocracking of crude petroleum is steadily increasing (Min et al., 2005) Hydrogen is catalytically combined with various intermediate...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 08:20

... population growth, (Randerson, 2008) climate change (Vidal, 2007), loss of agricultural land to residential and industrial development (Dancy, 2008) and growing consumer demand in China and India ... health and the environment, and there is an increasing campaign for cleaner burning 244 Sustainable Growth and Applications in Renewable Energy Sources fuel in order to safeguard the environment and ... widely cultivated in Africa, Central and South America, Sri Lanka, India, Mexico, Malaysia and the Philippines It grows up to 4m in height and develops to flowering and fruiting within one year of...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 08:20

... (cycloheximide) to inhibit Zymomonas mobilis growth before autoclaving at 121oC for 15 minutes Zymomonas mobilis was then inoculated into the medium and incubated an aerobically at 3oC for 24 hours Working ... 87-89 ISSN 0960-8524 Berends, K (2007): Engineering and construction projects for oil and gas processing: Contracting, uncertainty and the economic information Journal of Energy Policy, vol 35, ... flamed before corking back and incubating at room temperature, they were shaken at various intervals in order to produce a homogenous paste and even distribution of the organisms in the substrates...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 08:20

... long, sparse trichomes on adaxial side prominent venation, surface 50-200 and margin bearing spinules prominent venation, surface 50-220 and margin bearing spinules 40-150 auricle long membranous, ... spikelet in A pectiniforme, two thirds of the spikelet in E repens, and one third of the spikelet in E hispidus, E elongatus and Szarvasi-1 (Fig 3.) The glumes are 1-3-veined in A pectiniforme, and ... biomass weight in any phenophases, while potassium and phosphorus were shown to be important only in the early phenophases (spring and flowering period and the beginning of the flowering time, respectively)...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 08:20

... technologies (solar and wind) have become an accepted form of generating electricity and heat in the Province of Ontario There are many advantages in using solar and wind energy such as taking advantage ... and depletion of substances The engineering method involves the use of engineering principles and knowledge of chemical and physical processes (EnvCan, 2006) In Guler (2008) the method used to ... Semi-Arid Lands of Eastern Europe 293 In order to maintain a standard quality of Szarvasi-1 as an energy crop, it was essential to clarify its genetic characteristics RAPD-based DNA fingerprinting revealed...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 08:20

... 2011) In fact, it is difficult not to take its breathtaking growth into consideration since the production of PV electricity increased from TWh in 1999 to 50 TWh (40 GW) in 2010, for an annual increase ... are lower, from 8% to 12%, interest in such cells and particularly the Grätzel cells is growing since the production costs are constantly declining with an interesting price outlook estimated ... high rate of illiteracy in the developing countries, could result in difficulties in maintaining the batteries which, obviously, influences their durability Thus, the integration of batteries,...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 08:20

... Proceedings of Southern African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, pp 83100, Johannesburg, South Africa, 6-9 March, 2011 338 Sustainable Growth and Applications in Renewable Energy Sources Yassin, ... http://www.iea-pvps.org/ index.php?id=6 International Union for Conservation of Nature (2006) The Future of Sustainability, Rethinking Environment and Development in the Twenty-first Century, In IUCN, 17.07.2011, ... A & Sawczak, M (2010) Chemical, Thermal and Laser Process in Recycling of Photovoltaic Silicon Solar Cells and Modules, Ecological Chemistry and Engineering S, Vol 17, No (2010), pp 385-391 Raugei,...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 08:20

... spending includes a "subsistence" component λ that is independent of income and determined by household populations H Savings are collected in a national savings pool and used to finance investment ... 6: Change in industrial growth results, 2002-2025 Point change in growth rate in "No AIDS" scenario KZN (1) All sectors (total GDP) Agriculture Mining Food processing Textiles & clothing Wood ... the study and participated in its design and coordination and edited the manuscript, and GG participated in the study design and coordination All authors have read and approved the final version...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 08:20