genes involved in plant defence mechanisms

... containing genes of interest involved in conifer defence First, many conifer defence genes exist as closely related members of large families For example, genes encoding the oleoresin producing ... binding site analysis In addition, several cis-acting elements previously identified in other plant species to be involved in responses to giberellin (GARE, TAACAGA; Pbox; GCCTTTTGAGT), auxin ... in defence and stress responsivenes (Nicotiana tabacum); TCA, cis-acting element involved in salicylic acid responsiveness (Brassica oleracea); TGACG, cis-acting regulatory element involved in...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 03:21

... of SA and induction of JA defense genes; yellow boxes, genes involved in JA biosynthesis; light blue boxes, genes involved in ET biosynthesis; pink boxes, genes involved in ET signaling van Verk ... Within the plant field there is an increasing number of publications that report the finding of biologically relevant genes involved in certain pathways via coexpression analysis Examples are: genes ... the pink and green dot almost in the middle of the network), are in between the super cluster with the genes encoding proteins involved in SA signaling (red dots), Flg22-initiated MAPK kinase...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 11:20

... NM_014393 ▲ 1.52 regulation of transcription protein binding double-stranded RNA binding DNA binding ▼ 5.02 protein binding NM_001149 NM_004242 ▲- increased ▼- decreased Validation of microarray ... ethanol-induced expression and activation of cytokines and chemokines in monocytes and macrophages (including Kupffer cells) [41, 42], and ethanol-induced mucosal injury in the upper gastrointestinal ... of genes involved in transcriptional and translational processes Integrins act as signal transducing molecules trough mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase like extracellular-regulated kinase...

Ngày tải lên: 31/10/2012, 15:28

... Crassostrea gigas [5] Interestingly, this protein, named C gigas chitinase-like protein (CgClp1) was found to be involved in the control of growth and remodelling processes in a manner similar ... blocked by incubating sections in 0.3% hydrogen peroxide in methanol for 30 at room temperature Slides were then washed and incubated in a blocking solution according to the manufacturer’s instructions ... Kim M, Kim YS, Min SR, Kim WT, Sohn DY, Lim YP et al (2003) CHRK1, a chitinase-related receptor-like kinase, plays a role in plant development and cytokinin homeostasis in tobacco Plant Mol Biol...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 00:20

... transcription terminator The resulting fragment only contains the initial 67 bp and the final 68 bp of the pur4 coding sequence It was inserted in plasmid pGM9 The resulting construct was introduced, ... expected that genes involved in A201A biosynthesis in S capreolus are also clustered with those encoding resistance conforming a hereafter named ata (for A two zero one A) cluster In this respect, ... Chemical structure of A201A and puromycin In actinomycetes, it is well established that genes implicated in antibiotic biosynthesis, including those encoding self-resistance, are clustered [10,11]...

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 01:21

... regulated in wild-type cells For example, the genes involved in amino acid metabolism were not regulated by amino acid starvation in GCN2) ⁄ ) cells, whereas enrichment for the genes involved in cholesterol ... pathway, other signaling mechanisms are involved in the control of gene expression (up and down) in response to amino acid limitation The downstream molecular mechanisms involved in this process could ... described for the amino acid-dependent regulation of several genes, including Chop, Atf3, Cat-1 and insulinlike growth factor binding protein (Igfbp1), making it possible that amino acid availability...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 03:20

... sets, that is, the set of genes involved in a cyclic process and the set of noncycle -involved genes recognized in biological experiments The cycle -involved genes are used to initialize the proposed ... proteins or are involved in ribosome biogenesis It has been verified that ribosome biogenesis consumes up to 80% of proliferating energy, and it is linked to cell cycle in metazoan cells However, in ... In other words, cell wall proteins are highly likely to be involved in the cell 725 genes identified by the proposed algorithm 800 genes identified by Spellman et al 400 periodic genes used in...

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 00:20

... other signaling molecules, playing either direct or indirect roles Concerning hormones, parthenocarpic fruit development in some species is induced by applications of auxin or cytokinins (CKs), ... expression, being induced in LS and repressed in LM (group H) In addition to the 108 genes more abundantly transcribed in ES (group B), 22 were also expressed in EM (group G), while were abundant in ES ... transfer protein (LTP), ctg1026, coding for a pathogenesis related (PR) protein, ctg1540, coding for a prunin, and ctg3563, coding for a late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) protein, have been chosen...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 11:21

... protein 2) Protein kinase family protein IQD10 (IQ-domain 10); calmodulin binding RIC2 (ROP-INTERACTIVE CRIB MOTIF-CONTAINING PROTEIN 2) Protein kinase family protein Rho GTPase activating protein, ... domain-containing protein / MATH domain-containing protein Nodulin MtN3 family protein GCN5-related N-acetyltransferase (GNAT) family protein Hydroxyproline-rich glycoprotein family protein Unknown ... Glycine-rich protein GLP10 (GERMIN-LIKE PROTEIN 10); manganese ion binding / metal ion binding / nutrient reservoir AGP4 (ARABINOGALACTAN-PROTEIN 4) FLA15 (FASCICLIN-LIKE ARABINOGALACTAN PROTEIN...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 11:21

... of all cold-induced Cbf genes at the frost tolerance locus Fr-H2 in barley are significantly higher in lines harbouring the vrn1 winter allele than in lines harbouring the Vrn1 spring allele [19] ... lines differed from gene to gene ranging from 128 lines (64%) in ScCbf11 to 198 (98%) in ScVrn1 Missing amplification products in individual lines were most likely the result of SNPs/Indels in ... genome In addition, higher levels of LD are observed in self-pollinating species compared to outcrossing species, indicating that mating systems play a role [23] Since rye is an outcrossing species,...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 11:21

... expression of genes involved in their biosynthetic pathway In C roseus, RNA in situ hybridization combined with immunocytolocalization techniques has demonstrated that the genes involved in the early ... levels in all organs of the plant, with the highest level in the shoot apex, which, besides being a main site of IAA synthesis, is also the main site of CPT accumulation [11] In developing plantlets, ... Constantin RJ, Carpenter SB: Influence of soil fertilization, plant spacing and coppicing on growth, stomatal conductance, abscisic acid, and camptothecin levels in Camptotheca acuminata seedlings...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 03:21

... expression of 150 genes in response to wounding and insect feeding was carried out [58], finding that some of the responding genes, for which the inducing stimulus was unclear in these processes, ... stresses in sunflower Among them, many genes potentially encoding components involved in photosynthesis, such as photosystem proteins, chlorophyllbinding proteins, Rubisco and light harvesting proteins ... http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2229/8/11 elements binding proteins) TFs While cis elements in cold response genes bind DREB1/CBF TFs, regulatory regions of drought response genes bind TFs belonging to DREB type protein [5,31-33]...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 05:20

... Il18r1 interleukin alpha [NM_010554] interleukin [NM_031168] interleukin 18 [NM_008360] interleukin 17D [NM_145837] interleukin beta [NM_008361] interleukin 11 receptor, alpha chain [NM_010549] interleukin ... grouped into trafficking related clusters such as integrins, Mmps, chemokine and chemokine receptors, and interleukins and interleukin receptors Integrins are key mediators of cell-cell interactions, ... PBMo GR-1low iM rAM DC Integrin M (CD11b) Integrin (CD49d) Integrin (CD61) Integrin Integrin E (CD103) Figure 11 of the expression pattern of differentially regulated integrins with flow cytometry...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 14:20

... candidate genes Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) on the seven validated candidate genes Bold lines indicates direct link, dotted lines indicate indirect link Grey nodes indicate input genes into the ... and SERPINF1, are concordantly increased in three different studies It is highly likely that pathways rather than single genes are involved in progression of emphysema, mandating further investigation ... these genes could be involved, such as cell cycle checkpoint, p53 signaling, IGF-1 signaling, NRF2 mediated oxidative stress, Wnt/Catenin signaling and others (see Additional file 6) The genes...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 14:20

... Jepsen (Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, USA) on bone fragility underscored the benefit of incorporating distinct disciplines, in this case engineering, in defining and understanding new phenotypes ... to tumorigenesis or metastasis Despite the initial success of integrating the mouse genome assembly into the process of QTL mapping, it is certainly not the final answer for identifying QTGs, ... data from such a cross are still being developed Mott introduced the idea that outbred mice could be used both to confirm and to refine mapping done in inbred strains, as http://genomebiology.com/2004/5/10/347...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 14:21

... green indicating the region involved in the stem-loop-stem structure, and pink indicating the domain that binds Sm proteins The corresponding interaction region in U6atac snRNA is also marked in ... SF1/BBP (branchpoint-binding protein, which facilitates U2 snRNP binding in fission yeast [54]) and cap-binding proteins (CBP20 and CBP80, possibly involved in cap proximal intron splicing [55]), derive ... splicing-related protein-coding genes Most of the proteins involved in splicing in mammals and Drosophila are known [4,37,38] In addition, recent proteomics studies revealed many novel proteins...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 14:21

... calmodulin-binding kinesin-like motor protein (Oppenheimer et al., 1997) ZWI interacts with two other proteins involved with trichome branching: ANGUSTAFOLIA and KCBP-interacting Ca2+ binding protein ... neighboring cells, where it would interact preferentially with the bHLH dimer, preventing expression of genes involved in trichome development TTG would act in the cytoplasm most probably aiding in ... epidermal cell fate determination by interactions between proteins involved in trichome patterning A combination of a MYB protein (either GL1 or MYB23) with a bHLH dimer (any combination of GL3 or EGL3)...

Ngày tải lên: 14/11/2014, 11:55

... calmodulin-binding kinesin-like motor protein (Oppenheimer et al., 1997) ZWI interacts with two other proteins involved with trichome branching: ANGUSTAFOLIA and KCBP-interacting Ca2+ binding protein ... neighboring cells, where it would interact preferentially with the bHLH dimer, preventing expression of genes involved in trichome development TTG would act in the cytoplasm most probably aiding in ... epidermal cell fate determination by interactions between proteins involved in trichome patterning A combination of a MYB protein (either GL1 or MYB23) with a bHLH dimer (any combination of GL3 or EGL3)...

Ngày tải lên: 14/11/2014, 12:16

... are being specified, and a transient increase in their expression results in initiation of neurogenesis In the developing telencephalon, 17 Chapter 1: Introduction neurogenins are expressed in the ... timing of differentiation of NSCs in specific positions 2.2.1 Morphogens During the neural tube development, the inductive signaling molecules involved in the regulation of the growth, patterning ... these genes are involved in 15 Chapter 1: Introduction the timing of differentiation in a variety of tissues, two of them in particular, Hes1 and Hes5, have been shown to have key roles in neural...

Ngày tải lên: 30/09/2015, 06:36

... segment of chain in α-1,6 position 2.3.3 Genes encoding enzymes involving in glycogen biosynthesis Table 2.4 lists the genes encoding the enzymes involved in glycogen synthesis Genes glgC, glgA ... Chapter 2 Cloning of PHA biosynthesis genes While the genes involved in PHA, glycogene and polyP synthesis are all important in EBPR process, this study focused on the genes involved in PHA synthesis ... glycogen synthase and branching enzyme, respectively Studies indicate that the genes encoding for the enzymes involved in biosynthesis are clustered in single or adjacent operons in a variety of bacteria...

Ngày tải lên: 03/10/2015, 21:58