from conventional microscopyto near field microscopy

Near field coherent anti stokes raman scattering (CARS) microscopy for bioimaging

... Schematic of near- field LP-CARS or RP-CARS field generation 47 Comparison of near- field CARS intensity distributions between RP- and LP-CARS generated from pure water .48 Near- field intensity ... numerical study of CARS microscopy in the near- field region, including near- field CARS generation from two adjacent scatterers and the effects of scatterers’ sizes on near- field CARS under tightly ... near- field effects of CARS microscopy, including near- field CARS generation from two adjacent scatterers as well as the effects of scatterers’ sizes and the excitation polarizations on CARS microscopy...

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Scanning near field photon emission microscopy

Danh mục: Cao đẳng - Đại học

... implementation Photon Emission Microscopy for technology nodes beyond 50 nm Chapter Near- field Approach For resolution below 100 nm 2.1 Near- field optical detection Near- field condition 2.3,2.4 2.2 ... a nanometric probe placed into the near- field of the emission source The near- field is scattered by the probe and collected in the far -field Different near- field probe designs are available but ... of near- field optical detection as a means to enhance the optical lateral resolution below 100 nm The origin of the near- field optical interaction and the critical parameters of the near- field...

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BEST PRACTICES IN SOCIAL MARKETING SAFE WATER SOLUTION FOR HOUSEHOLD WATER TREATMENT: LESSONS LEARNED FROM POPULATION SERVICES INTERNATIONAL FIELD PROGRAMS ppt

Danh mục: Tiếp thị - Bán hàng

... learned from PSI’s eight years of field experience implementing safe water programs in 20 countries In the 1990s, the U.S Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), based on a series of field ... Bolivia, and PSI fielded the first commercial application Controlled trials confirmed that use of the SWS reduces the incidence of diarrhea under field conditions In Bolivia, a five-month field test ... chlorine solution (made by the chlorine gas injection method) from their neighbors (Mozambique and Malawi from South Africa, Nepal from India) More remote countries tend to dilute the more concentrated,...

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Antibiotic resistant enterococci and staphylococci isolated from flies collected near confined poultry feeding operations potx

Danh mục: Nông nghiệp

... isolates from poultry litter and two isolates from fly samples The nearly homologous staphylococcal gene, msr(A/B), was observed in four isolates from poultry litter and one isolate from fly ... litter samples were collected from three conventional poultry farms that raised the birds under contract for two major producers Litter samples were collected from three conventional broiler chicken ... Tn1545/916, were recovered from four enterococcal isolates from poultry litter and six from fly isolates, all of which also contained the erm(B) gene (Table 4) Two fly isolates from traps and placed...

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focussed ion beam machined cantilever aperture probes for near field optical imaging

Danh mục: Vật lý

... L (1999) Nano-slit probes for near- field optical microscopy fabricated by focused ion beams J Microsc 194, 335–339 Dunn, R.C (1999) Near- field scanning optical microscopy Chem Rev 99, 2891–2927 ... optical near field from a bowtie aperture Appl Phys Lett 88, 153110 Lacoste, Th., Huser, Th., Prioli, R & Heinzelmann, H (1998) Contrast enhancement using polarization-modulation scanning nearfield ... scanning near- field microscopy Appl Phys Lett 68, 3531–3533 Minh, P.N., Ono, T & Esashi, M (2000) Microfabrication of miniature aperture at the apex of SiO2 tip on silicon cantilever for near- field...

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high precision dynamic alignment and gap control for optical near field nanolithography

Danh mục: Vật lý

... methods, optical near- ﬁeld nanolithography using near- ﬁeld optical focusing elements has great potentials due to its low-cost and possibility of parallel operation.1,2 However, radiation from the exit-plane ... (ISPI) to control a gap distance of the order of nanometers for parallel optical near- ﬁeld nanolithography In optical near eld nanolithography, the distance between the optical mask and the substrate ... High precision dynamic alignment and gap control for optical near- field nanolithography Xiaolei Wen School of Mechanical Engineering and Birck Nanotechnology Center,...

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improving near field confinement of a bowtie aperture using surface plasmon polaritons

Danh mục: Vật lý

... method for reducing the near- ﬁeld divergence of the subdiffraction-limited spot created by a bowtie aperture, using SPPs reﬂected from grooves surrounding the bowtie aperture The near- ﬁeld conﬁnement ... designed to concentrate light in the near- ﬁeld, the positions of the grooves are distributed evenly For parametric studies, the periodicity of the grooves is varied from 50 to 600 nm with an increment ... ␭SPP / differs from the results of far-ﬁeld collimation by grooves for which the optimized grooves spacing is close to ␭SPP.9–13 This is because the mechanism of reducing the near- ﬁeld conﬁnement...

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three dimensional mapping of optical near field of a nanoscale bowtie antenna

Danh mục: Vật lý

... artifacts in near- field optical microscopy, ” J Appl Phys 81(6), 2492 (1997) 17 C Jordan, S Stranick, L Richter, and R Cavanagh, “Removing optical artifacts in near- field scanning optical microscopy ... distance control for near field optical microscopes,” Appl Phys Lett 66(14), 1842 (1995) 15 D Tsai, and Y Lu, “Tapping-mode tuning fork force sensing for near- field scanning optical microscopy, ” Appl ... Weiner, “Combined shear force and near field scanning optical microscopy, ” Appl Phys Lett 60(20), 2484 (1992) 13 R Toledo-Crow, P Yang, Y Chen, and M Vaez Iravani, Near field differential scanning...

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high transmission nanoscale bowtie shaped aperture probe for near field

Danh mục: Vật lý

... 103 and 15ϫ 103 / s photon counts obtained from the two comparable square apertures This indicates more than one order of magnitude higher transmission from bowtie apertures when compared to the ... We started with standard silicon nitride cantilevered atomic force microscopy ͑AFM͒ probes, which had a pyramidal-shaped tip near the end of cantilever On the tip of the probe, a platform was ... recording the optical signal from the PMT by photon counting FIG ͑Color online͒ NSOM images obtained by ͑a͒ bowtie aperture probe and ͑b͒ regular aperture probe ͑c͒ Near- ﬁeld line proﬁles of the...

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nanoscale ridge aperture as near field transducer for heat assisted magnetic recording

Danh mục: Vật lý

... “Enhanced optical near field from a bowtie aperture,” Appl Phys Lett 88, 153110 (2006) 15 L Wang and X Xu, “High transmission nanoscale bowtieshaped aperture probe for near- field optical imaging,” ... Challener, and E C Gage, Near field optical recording with a planar solid immersion mirror,” Appl Phys Lett 87, 151105 (2005) T Rausch, C Mihalcea, K Pelhos, D Karns, K Mountfield, Y A Kubota, X ... demonstrated to concentrate and enhance optical fields [13,14], with applications including near- field scanning microscopy (NSOM) measurements [15] and nanolithography [16–18] In this section, we apply...

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three dimensional mapping of optical near field of a nanoscale bowtie antenna

Danh mục: Vật lý

... artifacts in near- field optical microscopy, ” J Appl Phys 81(6), 2492 (1997) 17 C Jordan, S Stranick, L Richter, and R Cavanagh, “Removing optical artifacts in near- field scanning optical microscopy ... distance control for near field optical microscopes,” Appl Phys Lett 66(14), 1842 (1995) 15 D Tsai, and Y Lu, “Tapping-mode tuning fork force sensing for near- field scanning optical microscopy, ” Appl ... Weiner, “Combined shear force and near field scanning optical microscopy, ” Appl Phys Lett 60(20), 2484 (1992) 13 R Toledo-Crow, P Yang, Y Chen, and M Vaez Iravani, Near field differential scanning...

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plasmonic effects in near field optical

Danh mục: Vật lý

... this work, we investigate the near- ﬁeld optical transmission properties of bowtie apertures made in gold and chromium ﬁlms In particular, the optical near ﬁelds from the bowtie apertures and ... JIN et al Plasmonic effects in near- ﬁeld optical transmission enhancement through a single bowtie-shaped aperture FIGURE Schematic view of near- ﬁeld scanning optical microscopy (NSOM) in the illumination–collection ... The peak of the collected optical signal from the bowtie aperture is comparable to that from the rectangular aperture, but signiﬁcantly higher than that from the square aperture The full width...

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Báo cáo hóa học: " Research Article An Entropy-Based Propagation Speed Estimation Method for Near-Field Subsurface Radar Imaging" ppt

Danh mục: Hóa học - Dầu khí

... Physiology, Function, and Structure from Medical Images, vol 6143 of Proceedings of SPIE, February 2006 G F Margrave, “Seismic acquisition parameter considerations for a linear velocity medium,” in Proceedings ... realistic scenarios The parametric search proposed in [16] requires a large number of datasets from the scan region to generate accurate estimates The wave modeling approaches presented in [17, ... 18] rely on computationally intensive procedures that result in processing times that can range from several minutes to a couple of days [17, 18], resulting in low data throughput rates Additionally,...

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Báo cáo hóa học: " Research Article 4D Near-Field Source Localization Using Cumulant" ppt

Danh mục: Báo cáo khoa học

... columns of R are linearly independent and either R has kR columns or R contains a set of kR + linearly dependent columns Note that Kruskal rank is always less than or equal to the conventional matrix ... to the complicated signal model of near- ﬁeld sources, it is diﬃcult to derive such a cumulant matrix from the array outputs directly However, it is easily seen from (6) that the matrix C1 has the ... estimated, the 3D near eld source localization problem actually becomes a fourdimensional (4D) one Hence it is necessary to develop a joint 4D parameter estimation algorithm for near- ﬁeld sources...

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Báo cáo hóa học: " Frequency-Domain Blind Source Separation of Many Speech Signals Using Near-Field and Far-Field Models" docx

Danh mục: Báo cáo khoa học

... sources that come from diﬀerent directions [22] However the DOA-based method fails in the ﬁrst stage when the signals come from the same or similar directions Even if the signals come from diﬀerent ... 3.5 Estimation of sphere with near- ﬁeld model The interpretation of the ICA solution with a near- ﬁeld model yields other geometric information When we adopt the near- ﬁeld model, including the ... ) (17) Ryo Mukai et al Nearly vertical to sensor pair axis Sources S1 S2 180 Estimated DOA (degree) 180 Estimated DOA (degree) Sensors 90 Sources S1 S2 Sensors 90 0 Nearly horizontal to sensor...

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Báo cáo hóa học: " A New Algorithm for Joint Range-DOA-Frequency Estimation of Near-Field Sources" docx

Danh mục: Báo cáo khoa học

... Joint Estimation for 3D Parameters of Near- Field Sources where d is the interelement spacing of the uniform linear array, while λi , ri , and θi are the wavelength, range, ... for localization of near- ﬁeld sources,” IEEE Trans Signal Processing, vol 46, no 3, pp 709–719, 1998 E Grosicki and K Abed-Meraim, “A weighted linear prediction method for near- ﬁeld source localization,” ... signals; (A3) the range parameters of the sources are diﬀerent from each other, that is, φi = φ j for i = j; (A4) the array is a uniform linear array with spacing d ≤ λi /4, i = 1, , K; (A5) the...

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Báo cáo y học: " The switch from conventional to atypical antipsychotic treatment should not be based exclusively on the presence of cognitive deficits. A pilot study in individuals with schizophrenia" pps

Danh mục: Báo cáo khoa học

... baseline, nine (5 from the typical APD group and from the atypical APD group) out of the 39 patients were taking benzodiazepines At endpoint eight were taking benzodiazepines (3 from the typical ... on cognitive performance are randomized blind trials Since many clinicians consider changing from conventional to novel antipsychotics in order to enhance cognition, we think that naturalistic ... type of medication (conventional or atypical APDs) and were not hospitalized for the entire two years were evaluated Changes in dosage were permitted Thirty-nine patients from the original cohort...

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Mapping WGMs of erbium doped glass microsphere using near-field optical probe

Danh mục: Kỹ thuật

... Chapter 2: Coupling Microsphere WGMs based on Nearfield Optics 2.1 Introduction of Nearfield optics Near- field optics has developed very rapidly from around the middles 1980s after preliminary ... area of the near field is proportional to the size of the microsphere, and that the field momentum is locally modified by the interference between the near field and the incident field and that ... wavelength of the light Also, It could be seen the relationship of Evanescent -field with Near- field optics and the scope of near- field optics in the modern optical telecommunication depicted hereinafter...

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Far field and near field optical properties of planar plasmonic oligomers

Danh mục: Cao đẳng - Đại học

... oligomers: Energy localization 90 5.1 Near- field localization 5.2 Influence of geometry on the near- field energy 5.3 Influence of defects on the near- field energy 5.4 Near- field energy enhancement by rotor-shaped ... better candidates to enhance the exhibited near- field energy among the gaps significantly Such structures allow achieving more precise localization of the near- field energy One should note here that ... resonances is located at the same spectral position as the FR dip in the dark field case [195] In this thesis, far -field and near- field optical properties of designed and fabricated novel oligomers so...

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Optical near field enhancement by micro nano particles for nanotechnology applications

Danh mục: Cao đẳng - Đại học

... nanoparticles near- field optics is strongly influenced by the development of scanning near- field optical microscopy, also called nearfield scanning optical microscopy This is a super-resolution optical microscopy ... bio-virus The near field enhancement around such sub-micron particles is of immediate relevance to near- field optics microscopes [18] or, to some extent, pointed tips [19] In the near field, for ... Introduction Chapter Introduction 1.1 Introduction to near- field optics In general, a near- field is referred to a region with distance in micro/nano scales Nearfield optics (NFO) deals with phenomena involving...

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