fate of phosphorus in soil

... was observed for surface soils having higher soil organic matter compared with subsurface soils, indicating that SMT mainly binds to soil organic matter in soils Addition of dissolved organic carbon ... the soil chemical properties, thus affecting fate and mobility of agricultural antibiotics in soil The objective of the study was to determine the influence of soil chemical properties on the fate ... using polyvinyl chloride (PVC) plastic pipe Soil cores were obtained by forcing the pipes into the soil with a geotechnical drill rig and carefully excavating the surrounding soil Distinct soil...

Ngày tải lên: 13/11/2014, 09:16

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 23:22

... still have been detected in finished drinking water (Table 1.2) The infrequent detection of PPCPs in finished drinking water may reflect the relative efficiency of drinking-water treatment technologies ... prompted interest in sponsoring research that defines the composition and concentrations of PPCPs in potential sources and their fate and effects following release into the environment Independent of ... Department of Civil Engineering Auburn University Auburn, Alabama Howard S Weinberg Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, North Carolina Z...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 16:20

... comprehensive picture of the occurrence and fate of the contaminants in the environment examined In addition, the simultaneous determination of a large number of analytes by a single method represents ... concentration of 0.05 μg/L Two interfering peaks resulting from endogenous components in the WWTP effluent were detected in the MRM channels for fenoprofen and indomethacin Coextractives in the WWTP ... component in sewage, whereas carboxy-ibuprofen was dominant in seawater samples The determination of neutral (carbamazepine) and acidic pharmaceuticals (ibuprofen, naproxen, ketoprofen, diclofenac,...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 16:20

... advantages of using MAE over conventional extraction techniques For instance, the use of MAE in a 15-minute extraction of fluoroquinolone resulted in approximately 80% recovery, while 1-hour of mechanical ... minimizing the concentration of humic acids in the sample removed from different waters using an MIP with recoveries of 103 to 104% for drinking water, pond water, and well water.48 The binding ... The binding of estrogens to an MIP developed to aid in the analysis of estrogens in natural waters was lower than the binding of estrogens in deionized waters; however, selective binding up to...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 16:20

... 118 4.1 INTRODUCTION Mainly due to progress in analytical instrumentation, there has been an increased awareness of the presence of pharmaceutical compounds as environmental contaminants in recent ... concentrations of the substances (0.1, 1.0, 10.0, 100.0, and 1000.0 mg/L in case of gadobutrol and gadoxetic acid disodium, 100 mg/L in case of dimeglumine gadopentetate, and 1000 mg/L in case of gadofosveset ... producers The growth inhibition test of dimeglumine gadopentetate was conducted in agreement with the standard DIN 38 412 L8.27 It was incubated in an aqueous solution including nutrients, with...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 16:20

... Range of Veterinary Medicines Mean Avermectin Chlorfenvinphos Ciprofloxacin Enrofloxacin Cumaphos Deltamethrin Diazinon Fenbendazole Metronidazole Ofloxacin Olaquindox Oxytetracycline Sulfamethazine ... 124 5.3 Fate of Veterinary Medicines in Soils 125 5.3.1 Sorption in Soil 125 5.3.2 Persistence in Soil 127 5.4 Transport of Veterinary Medicines in Soil Systems ... the fate of the degradation products in soils is considered when assessing the impact of a veterinary medicine on the environment 5.4 TRANSPORT OF VETERINARY MEDICINES IN SOIL SYSTEMS Contaminants...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 16:20

... resonance study of the site of metal binding in tetracycline, J Am Chem Soc., 97, 2397, 1975 33 Case, C.L and Carlson, M.S., Effect of feeding organic and inorganic sources of additional zinc on growth ... Taylor & Francis Group, LLC 152 Fate of Pharmaceuticals in the Environment and in Water Treatment Systems range of interest for soils containing significant amounts of sorbents with variable or ... values in the same range for the binding of fluoroquinolones by Aldrich humic acid (3000 to 200,000 L/kg DOC) Sorption of flumequin and oxolinic acid increased markedly between pH and but remained...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 16:20

... and impact of these substances in that environment An understanding of the degradation and fate of veterinary antibiotics in soil is important because of widespread use of the compounds in livestock ... approximately 85% in manured treatments This information may be important in identifying factors that affected leaching of tylosin in our study Finally, Saini et al (2003) found increased survival of an ... detected in leachate from of 23 untreated soil columns (controls) and in of 12 leachates from columns treated only with tylosin, indicating minimal input of enterococcus from the soil Enterococcus (cells/100...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 16:20

... the spiking solution in acetone was mixed with 480 mL of urine (resulting in a 3.5% solution of acetone in urine) Application took place at a soil moisture of 75% of maximum water-holding capacity ... concept including urine recycling will lead to an input of these compounds into the top soil layer of agricultural fields or will limit the usability of the urine The experiments described in this ... water-holding capacity was determined with the bulk soils, and 40, 60, and 90% of that value were maintained readjusting the weight with some drops of ultrapure water Incorporation of the compounds into...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 16:20

... group of amino acids located in the N terminal domain of the polypeptide The C terminal domain contains the binding site for the hydrophobic substrate (H site) This region is much more variable in ... in CTC-treated pinto beans The increase in the proteins banding at this size range was indicative of GST induction in the treated maize plants © 2008 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC 206 Fate of ... Oxytetracycline has been shown to induce the release of H2O2 in hairy root cultures of sunflowers (Helianthus annuus),18 resulting in the inactivation of oxytetracyline via oxidation 9.4 DETOXIFICATION OF...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 16:20

... Group, LLC Drugs in Drinking Water 221 10.3.3 CHLORINE-BASED DISINFECTION Chlorine disinfectants, such as free chlorine and chloramines, are widely used in drinking water disinfection in the United ... is often employed in drinking water treatment facilities Ozone and UV can be used as oxidants and disinfectants, but chlorine and chloramines are most often employed for final disinfection in ... used for drinking water disinfection in Europe In the United States, this technology is currently gaining importance, since its use can reduce the chlorine dose applied for final disinfection,...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 16:20

... 250 Fate of Pharmaceuticals in the Environment and in Water Treatment Systems TABLE 11.6 Emerging Contaminants in U.S Drinking Water (n = 20) Compound DEET Atrazine Meprobamate Dilantin Ibuprofen ... chlorine almost doubled when pH decreased from 8.2 to 5.5 Chloramine in the form of monochloramine is commonly used for the distribution system in drinking water supplies to maintain chlorine ... the resin for the jar testing Gravity separation of the resin is very efficient because of the “magnetically” enhanced agglomeration of individual resin beads that yields resin settling against...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 16:20

... passage of fluoroquinolones through water chlorination processes could remain biochemically active SMX: The reaction of SMX and FAC begins with an initial attack of HOCl on the anilinyl amino N of ... Chattahoochee River in Atlanta—near the intake of a regional drinking water treatment plant, and from Lake Zurich in Switzerland—at the intake of one of Zurich’s drinking water treatment plants Samples ... pathways and kinetic trends that should be expected for secondary versus tertiary amine-containing fluoroquinolones in reaction with chlorine The ability of fluoroquinolones to inhibit bacterial...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 16:20

... the inorganic forms of phosphate by adding coagulants, such as lime, aluminum sulfate, ferric chloride, or ferric sulfate.163 Biological P removal systems result in the incorporation of P into ... evaluated in surface runoff.102 The 17 -estradiol concentrations increased with increasing application rate, reaching a maximum of 1280 ng/L at an application rate of 7.05 tons litter ha–1 In another ... does not eliminate of the possible interactions of these hormones and other contaminants in the environment.73 In a river adjacent to a feedlot in eastern Nebraska, the concentrations of estrone,...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 16:20

... (1996) also saw a plateauing effect for ampicillin, novobiocin, penicillin, kanamycin, gentamicin, spectinomycin, streptomycin, tylosin, and tetracyclines over a wide range of inhibition (from to ... roxithromycin, azithromycin, tylosin), sulfonamides (i.e., sulfamethoxazole), fluoroquinolones (i.e., ciprofloxacin, enrofloxacin), trimethoprim, lincomycin, -lactams (i.e., cephalexim), tetracycline, ... monitored the impacts of varying concentrations of sulfonamides, tetracycline, lincomycin, and tylosin on the production of methane, hydrogen, and volatile fatty acids, including acetate These studies...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 16:20

... tetracycline Because of the high sorption of tetracycline in sludge, the influence of SRT on the sorption behavior of © 2008 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC 356 Fate of Pharmaceuticals in the Environment ... to examine the relative importance of biodegradation and sorption in the removal of tetracycline in activated sludge The similarity in the concentration profiles shown in Figure 15.3 obtained from ... the efficiencies of various disinfection processes in the removal of pharmaceuticals in drinking water 15.3.1 BIODEGRADATION AND BIOTRANSFORMATIONS During biological degradation in WWTPs, pharmaceutical...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 16:20

... did find, however, that the elimination in the anoxic region of the biofilm reactor improved the removal efficiencies of clofibric acid and diclofenac to values between 60 and 80% of their initial ... future sampling campaigns should consider the use of flow-weighted sampling in combination with frequent grab sampling to © 2008 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC 368 Fate of Pharmaceuticals in the Environment ... conversion of ammonia to nitrite in nitrifying organisms For example, AMO is also capable of cometabolically oxidizing polycyclic aromatic rings.45,46 The active site of AMO is buried in the core of...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 16:20

... lysogenic interactions in soil using cultivable soil bacterial isolates, while in Chapter 5, induction assays are developed to determine the frequency of inducible lysogeny within natural soil bacterial ... virulent soil phages which can remain infective, residing within the soil matrix for extended periods of time In fact, it has been shown that autochthonous virulent soil phages can retain their infectivity ... importance of lytic infections within the context of soil viral ecology Progress in soil viral ecology Andrews described the field of microbial ecology as a set of experiments in search of a theoretical...

Ngày tải lên: 13/11/2014, 10:53

... Tables and in Appendix I) This result accords with expectations, given observations of large increases in the abundance of generalist species following similarly large declines in richness in degraded ... island during the elapsed time interval (t, t+1), and E is the number of extinctions (including permanent emigration) on an island during the elapsed time interval There are several ways to define ... half of all species on the planet, but are being rapidly lost or disrupted by agricultural expansion, logging, and other human enterprises In my thesis, I examined the fate of biodiversity in modified...

Ngày tải lên: 09/09/2015, 11:32