fabrication of microscale tungsten carbide workpiece by new centerless grinding method

... spherical grains of grain size 100 nm together with plate like grains of grain size in the range 300–500 nm The average grain size of this sensor element was calculated by linear intercept method (EN ... similar to increase in response of tungsten oxide sensor with decrease in grain size as reported by Tamaki et al [13] The sensing properties of WO3 film are also controlled by the surface defects [18] ... sensing properties of nanocrystalline tungsten oxide synthesized by acid precipitation method, Sens Actuators B: Chem (2010), doi:10.1016/j.snb.2010.06.053 G Model SNB-12436; No of Pages ARTICLE...

Ngày tải lên: 19/03/2014, 16:48

... partially covered by polycrystalline chips of Si and Ge, and a second target of pure SiO2 The surface ratio of the Si and Ge pieces in the SiO2 target was 2:1 Before sputtering, a pressure of at least ... temperature Page of using the 488 nm line of an argon ion laser The laser beam was focused on the sample surface with a beam spot size of μm and a power of 0.2 mW to avoid the heating of the sample ... at./cm2) Figure Depth profiles of different elements (Si, O, and Ge) obtained from fits of measured RBS, for the as-grown and annealed films appear because of the existence of a 3D correlation in...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 04:20

... formation of 10 ML of GaAs in the presence of As was supplied to the substrate surface, for the droplets formation After that, the substrate temperature was decreased to 250°C and an As BEP of 10-7 ... complete reaction of metallic Ga with As It is worth mentioning that a growth interruption time of around h was used to reach the thermal stability of the sample after each change of the substrate ... growth, the samples were taken out of the chamber for the morphological analysis by AFM and optical investigation by PL Three samples were prepared: Sample A by stopping the growth just after...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 08:20

... obtained by chemical conversion of the alumina nanowires shown in Fig Scale bar lm We have developed a convenient method for the preparation of densely packed AlN nanowires based on a new strategy ... like to thank Prof S S Fan, Prof Y D Li, Prof L J Bie, and Mr Y C Sun for their help and valuable discussions This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under ... the supplement of the additional evaporated aluminum, and thus gives a larger diameter of the AlN nanowires than that of the Al2O3 ones Summary and Conclusions Fig FE-SEM image of close-packed...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 20:20

... bending waveguides and the method of optical characterization Chapter focuses on the procedure of fabrication of silicon-on-oxidized porous silicon waveguides Fabrication of silicon-on-oxidized porous ... determined by the proton beam energy The end of range of protons and the profile of the penetration path in different materials can be simulated by Monte Carlo calculations using software such ... silicon are rough because of the porosity of porous silicon 10 2.2.1 Fabrication procedures PSi is fabricated by electrochemical anodization of bulk silicon wafers in hydrofluoric acid (HF) The...

Ngày tải lên: 09/09/2015, 11:21

... observations of annealing process (Method 3) Table 4.4: 64 65 In situ TEM observation of annealing process (Method 3) for tungsten nanowire and tungstencarbon core-shell nanowire 65 Table 5.1: Table of ... synthesis of tungsten nanowires Figure 3.4: 29 Schematic of set-up used for selective growth of nanowires by field emission Figure 3.6: 28 Schematic showing the initiation and continual growth of tungsten ... specific example of tungsten nanowire of diameter in the range of 10-50 nm, which is the subject of study in this thesis, to best of our knowledge, the electrical properties of this nanowire...

Ngày tải lên: 11/09/2015, 10:18

... 42 2.5.3 Fabrication of AAO fabrication from Al foil 43 2.5.4 Fabrication of AAO fabrication from Al thin film 44 2.5.5 Comparison of two AAO fabrication methods 45 2.5.6 ... Illustrations of the samples; (a) before lift-off and two different lift-off processes using (b) dipping method and (c) airbrush jetting method 87 5.5 SEM image of lift-off after ... showing SEM image of SiO2 template 88 5.7 SEM image of GaAs QRs grown by DE 90 xiii 5.8 SEM image of InGaAs QRs grown by DE 91 5.9 SEM image of GaAs QRs grown by DE on SiO2 template...

Ngày tải lên: 30/09/2015, 06:04

... nanowires (Fig 5b) The presence of peaks demonstrates that the nanowires are composed of Si, C and small amount of O It is found that the molecular ratio of Si/C/O of the nanowires is about 3:2:2, ... is supported by the Creative Research Group of National Science Foundation of China (Grant no 50721003), the Foundation of the Ministry of Education of China for Returned Scholars (Grant no 2005383) ... activated carbon directly because of using AAO template, and the template made the concentration of the SiO vapor increase Thus, overgrowth of the nanowires became possible by using AAO template The...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 15:21

... molar ratios of nitrate to ammonium of 10 (Q10) and 25 (Q25), the levels of GFP fluorescence were 44% and 83%, respectively, of the fluorescence levels of nitrate-grown cells Thus, by adjusting ... Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head of bacteriophage T4 Nature 227, 680–685 38 Wilson CM (1983) Staining of proteins on gels: comparisons of dyes and procedures Methods ... the presence of nitrate and under conditions of nitrogen starvation, but not in ammonium-containing medium Ammonium proved to be an inhibitor of CfNR expression, as shown by the lack of CfNR mRNA...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 21:20

... By the Light of the Soul A Novel By Mary E Wilkins Freeman Author of “The Debtor” “The Portion of Labor” “Jerome” “A New England Nun” Etc etc 1907 To Harriet and Carolyn Alden By the Light of ... regarded as a sort of fetich worship of 13 By the Light of the Soul self Nothing, in fact, could have been lovelier than that face of childish innocence and beauty, with the soft rays of the lamp illuminating ... such a baby Even the unfrequent smiles of that baby had not been winning; they had seemed reminiscent of the commonest and coarsest things of life, rather than of heavenly innocence Maria gazed at...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 18:20

... Superficies y Materiales of Raman spectroscopy on tungsten oxide thin films is done Due to IR high sensitivity in the presence of the OH group, direct experimental proof of the presence of water in the ... the resistance in those points Part of the formed tungsten steam is condensed by cooling with the inert gas that contains some light bulbs and/or by reduction of the temperature when extinguishing ... intentional oxidation of the filament of a standard light bulb by electrical heating at 110 volts in presence of air is a very amazing phenomenon and it allows us to obtain tungsten (VI) oxide...

Ngày tải lên: 20/03/2014, 13:05

... result of WO3 ðtransparencyÞþ xMþ þ xeÀ 2Mx WO3 ðblueÞ The studies of cyclic voltammograms and spectrophotometric methods have shown the effects of mesoporous nanostructure on The properties of tungsten ... image of XPS was conducted to determine the surface oxidation states of the tungsten oxide thin film sample Fig 5a shows survey scans spectra recorded within a range of and 1000 eV at a takeoff ... be composed of tungsten oxides, in which the oxidation state of tungsten ranges from +6 like in WO3 with a small amount of WOx Fig 6b shows the spectroelectrochemical spectra of mesoporous sample...

Ngày tải lên: 20/03/2014, 13:08

... function of TiCl4 dosing time (b) Growth rate of TiO2 as a function of H2O dosing time (c) Growth rate of TiOPDA as a function of TiCl4 dosing time (d) Growth rate of TiOPDA as a function of HDD ... substrates was replaced by an OH group of HDD with the living HCl to form a diacetylene layer The OH group of the diacetylene layer provides an active site for exchange reaction of the next TiCl4 Third, ... polymerized by UV irradiation The optical property of the TiOPDA film was investigated by UV-Vis spectroscopy Figure 3b shows that the UV-Vis spectrum for the TiOPDA is similar to that of a conventional...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 21:20

... http://www.nanoscalereslett.com/content/6/1/400 Page of Figure AFM images of the HfO2 nanopattern (a) Three-dimensional view of the nanostructured HfO2/GaAs surface morphology (b) Crosssection scan profile of an etched trench ... profile with a 70° inclination angle is achieved by the formation of a sidewall passivation layer comprised of non-volatile reaction by- products of the CF4 etching process It should be noted here ... contributes to a further reduction of the pattern linewidth and to the formation of an HfO2 foot on both mesa edges, which is only observable by HRTEM (see below) The width of the HfO2 mesa top measured...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 03:20

... mediated by a PDMS template By means of using the diluted (2%) mixed acid solution as a chemical etchant, the wet soft stamp can indent nanoscale shallow concaves on aluminum without the need of excessive ... chemical etching method, is developed thus avoiding the use of sophisticated device fabrication procedures In addition, the highly ordered porous alumina on Al foils with the help of prepatterned ... structuring hard materials by chemical etching reaction Regardless of the substrate type, the mechanism of localized microetching relied on the diffusive transport of chemicals within a stamp...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 05:20

... http://www.nanoscalereslett.com/content/6/1/166 Page of Figure The comparison of the FTIR transmittance spectrum of the tungsten ethoxide precursor and the CO2 laser radiation absorbance data of tungsten ethoxide as a function of wavelength ... of oxygen plays a role in the formation of the six-sided stars or if the higher tungsten content, with a predominant valency of +6, has some correlation with the number of sides formed Page of ... interaction Figure shows the absorbance by the precursor as a function of wavelength with the corresponding part of the FTIR transmission spectrum of tungsten ethoxide This determination gives...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 05:20

... function of TiCl4 dosing time (b) Growth rate of TiO2 as a function of H2O dosing time (c) Growth rate of TiOPDA as a function of TiCl4 dosing time (d) Growth rate of TiOPDA as a function of HDD ... substrates was replaced by an OH group of HDD with the living HCl to form a diacetylene layer The OH group of the diacetylene layer provides an active site for exchange reaction of the next TiCl4 Third, ... polymerized by UV irradiation The optical property of the TiOPDA film was investigated by UV-Vis spectroscopy Figure 3b shows that the UV-Vis spectrum for the TiOPDA is similar to that of a conventional...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 17:20

... diffraction peaks of Au in the XRD pattern of Au/ C–AAO are identical to those of Au–AAO [15] This indicates that the crystal structure of the Au nanoparticles Fig XRD patterns of (a) carbonized ... region of the channel At the same time, due to the strong adhesion between the aluminol groups of AAO and the hydroxyl groups of sucrose, [21] a thin layer of sucrose might remain on the wall of ... diameter of the Au nanoparticles and the distance of the bridge in the crosslinked CNFs is the same as the diameter of AAO channel suggests that the fibers are the splits of the tubular shape of carbon...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 20:20

... 1960 by Egerton and Dillon [1] It also has a high curie temperature of 420°C, piezoelectric constant (d33) of 80 pC/N, and coupling factor coefficient (kp) of 0.35 The crystal structure of KNN ... respectively Materials and methods Figure compared the conventional glass-ceramic method and the incorporation method In the conventional glass-ceramic method, all simple oxides of a desired composition ... glass-ceramic method, the high temperature of about 700°C was used to precipitate a high-niobate phase which caused small angle light scattering By using the incorporation method, a lower temperature of...

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 00:20

... Discussion Plasma Treatment of SWCNT and Fabrication of SWCNT@SiO2 Therby The side walls of SWCNTs can be modified with hydroxyl groups by means of plasma treatment The presence of hydroxyl groups bearing ... diameter of ca nm) The further evidence of the existence of Ag nanoparticles is provided by EDS (Fig 3e), which reveals the presence of S and Ag on the surface of SWCNT@SiO2/Ag Similarly, by using ... introduce hydroxyl groups homogeneously on the side walls of SWCNTs Preparation of SWCNT@SiO2 Composite Scheme Schematic illustration of fabrication of SiO2-coated single wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNT@SiO2)...

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 00:20