expression of single domain antibodies and derivatives

... isolation of singledomain antibodies (sdAbs) consisting of the variable domain of these heavy chain antibodies, also named VHH [2] These minimal antibody domains are endowed with a large number of properties ... conventional antibodies and are a good source of enzyme inhibitors [5] Most importantly, the single- domain nature of VHH permits the amplification and subsequent straightforward cloning of the corresponding ... with three tandemly repeated loop-domains in CEA Comparisons between the extracellular domains of CEA and NCA show that the N-terminal and adjacent loop-domains of each apoprotein have high sequence...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 05:22

... peptide, and this region is so close to S1 it is probable that the N terminus of S2 binds subdomain1 of actin We now report that 159–193 of S2 binds to regions within 119–132 and 347–375 of actin ... actin monomer) and that both models place S1 and S2 on the same actin monomer Where the present model differs is that we place S2 beside S1 on subdomain of actin instead of on subdomain and this requires ... thrombic digest of actin (lane 2), thrombic digest of actin treated by EEDQ (lane 3), mixture of gelsolin fragment 159–193 and thrombic digest of actin treated by EEDQ (lane 4) and gelsolin fragment...

Ngày tải lên: 22/02/2014, 07:20

... class label, and consists of four stages: 1) identification of a noisy pool of candidate attributes, as remainders of queries that also contain one of the class instances In the case of the class ... parameters J ∈[0,1] and K∈1 ∞ Output: set of pairs of a class label and an instance {} Variables: {S} = clusters of distributionally similar phrases {V} = vectors of contextual matches of queries ... loss of precision from M to E is small at all measured ranks Table offers an alternative view on the quality of the attributes extracted for a random sample of 25 classes out of the larger set of...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 01:20

... selected and analysed as described below Detection of IgA, pIgA, and SIgA expression and bound SC Transfected and fused CHO-K1 cells were analysed for production of IgA, pIgA or SIgA and IgA bound ... DISCUSSION Fig IgA and total SC production levels (A) and molar expression ratios (B) (A) IgA and SC expression levels of outgrown supernatants of the clones: SC-4, IgA-29, pIgA-D and SIgA-1–8 measured ... expression levels of both SC and IgA (A) and the Mr of SC (80 kDa) and IgA (160 kDa) complexing of IgA and J-chain is a prerequisite for SC binding Therefore, the correlation between the IgA and SC levels...

Ngày tải lên: 18/03/2014, 01:20

... p21/WAF1, and MDM2 were mainly located in the nuclei of the cancer cells and highly expressed in the HCC Figure Expression of p53, p21/WAF1 and MDM2 in HCC by IHC Expression of p53, p21/WAF1 and MDM2 ... proportions of p53, p21/WAF1, and MDM2 expression in HCC tissues were 70.7% (128/181), 33.1% (60/181), and 52.5% (95/181), respectively Positive proportions of p53, p21/WAF1, and MDM2 expression ... that the expression levels of p53, p21/WAF1, and MDM2 were higher in the HCC tissues than those in the adjacent hepatic tissues The expression of p53, p21/WAF1, and MDM2 in the 181 pairs of tissues...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 15:20

... images of the as-fabricated CdO wires at a low and b high magnifications; c TEM image of a bundle of CdO nanowires; d HRTEM image of nanowires that make up the bundle; and e EDX spectrum of the ... product In other words, despite of the fact that the reactions of Eqs and are reversible, and normally the product should be a mixture of CdO and Cd(OH)2, high-purity CdO and Cd(OH)2 can be generated, ... apparent that bundles of single- crystalline CdO nanowires can be fabricated by this simple method of hydrothermal synthesis Shown in Fig are the FESEM and TEM images of the 10-h and 48-h samples Over...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 18:20

... and returned on day 14 to the level of control mice at day The expression of cystatin B was increased about twofold on day of the acute stage (Fig 3a) Like the expression of cathepsins, the expression ... volume of 25 µl, consisting of 2.5 µl of 10 × PCR buffer, 2.0–2.5 µl of MgCl2 (25 mM), 0.5 µl of dNTPs (10 mM each; Promega), 0.5 µl of Hot Star Taq (5 U/µl), 0.5 µl of primer mix (20 µM each) and ... days and The downregulation of cathepsin K on day could be another example of the fact that the time course of cytokine expression determines the time course of proteinase and inhibitor expression...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 06:22

... edema and deformity of the hindpaws; however, SIA is primarily an enthesopathy characterized by the proliferation of fibroblasts and the formation of periarticular enthesophytes of cartilage and ... the severity of arthritis Conclusion To understand the importance of CIX for cartilage integrity and stability and in the disease process of arthritis, we used a transgenic disruption of the col9a1 ... 23 Nandakumar KS, Andren M, Martinsson P, Bajtner E, Hellstrom S, Holmdahl R, Kleinau S: Induction of arthritis by single monoclonal IgG anti-collagen type II antibodies and enhancement of arthritis...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 08:22

... between gene expression and bone architecture were explored The results of the data are indicative of the generalised skeletal distribution of primary OA pathology and suggest that gene expression ... between gene expression and histomorphometric indices were made independent of gender for the OA and control groups Bone anabolic and collagen type I mRNA expression between OA and control individuals ... differential gene expression of the α1 and α2 chain of collagen type I (p < 0.0001 and p < 0.002, respectively) between OA and controls, are shown in Table Interestingly, the ratio of COL1A1/COL1A2...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 08:23

... new member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) family and prevents apoptosis, increases survival, and stimulates cytokine production in dendritic cells [17,18] TRANCE and the ligand of RANK (RANKL) ... local immune response and bone remodeling, such as those of the RANK/RANK-L pathway To address this question, we investigated the expression of RANK-L, OPG, RANK, and TRAF6 Page of 12 (page number ... prednisone, and two were taking disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs Due to limited quantities of SF and neutrophils from patients with RA and due to the requirement of large numbers of cells...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 10:20

... Induction of TNFα and MMP-13 expression by AGE-BSA in human osteoarthritis chondrocytes OA chondrocytes were treated with increasing doses of AGEBSA (20 to 600 μg/ml) and the mRNA expression of TNFα and ... clear bands on a background of uniform light blue staining Electrophoretic migration of MMP-13 in the supernatant was compared with known molecular weight standards and also with clear bands of MMP-13 ... Densitometric analysis Measurements of the scanned bands were performed using Un-Scan-It software Each band was scanned five times, and the mean band intensity (pixels per band) was obtained Data were...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 14:20

... had a lower level of expression of these three genes than PC12 (WT-Akt) cells, and also demonstrated that pharmacological inhibition of Akt causes an increase in the expression of these genes in ... the expression of MafK, SytI, and Syn-1 genes, all of which are positively related to neuronal function Methods Materials A potent and specific inhibitor of Akt (AKTi-1/2; naphthyridinone) and ... indicate that Akt downregulates the expression of MafK, SytI, and Syn-1 MafK and SytI are involved in certain aspects of neuronal function Inhibition of MafK expression has been reported to suppress...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 05:21

... grades of caspase-3 and p53 expression (Figures and 2, respectively) (P > 0.05) However, the frequency of grade 3+ expression of Bcl-2 was significantly higher in the GAP group than that of the ... frequency of caspase-3 expression or frequencies of different grades of expression of p53 However, staining for Bcl-2 was more frequent in the GAP specimens than in the controls Certain activators of ... contributions SB concieved and coordinated the study and participated in the collection of sample and data; and writing the manuscript HU participated in the collection of samples and writing the manuscript...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 23:22

... [46] and of 81 RFLP loci in 10 inbred lines [47] However, further investigation of the nature, frequency and distribution of sequence variation is still needed to better understand the range of ... thank Dr Andrea Puebla and and Pablo Vera for gene sequencing and Natalia Almasia and Florencia del Viso for critical reading of the manuscript This study is conducted within the frame of the Sunflower ... diversity and the origin of the genetic changes associated with domestication and agronomic improvement Indeed, the choice of germplasm is crucial for the discovery of useful alleles, and a genotypically...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 05:20

... MCV antibodies and of 55.6% for RF-IgG as well as to a specificity of 99.7% for MCV and of 97.2% for RFIgG Overall, correlation between both methods was 93% regarding detection of anti-MCV antibodies ... with a reactivity of approximately 100 U/ml in both standardized anti-MCV and RF-ELISA (Orgentec, Mainz, Germany) The ratio of applied antigens and serum anti-MCV antibodies and/ or RF was such ... the limit of quantification of the ELISA (cut-off anti-MCV 40 U/ml, cut-off RF-IgG 30 U/ml) for RF-IgG (Table 2) The positive POCT results were confirmed by ELISA in 98.3% and 95.1% of the cases,...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 14:22

... Finally, the role of prostaglandins in physiology and immune system is determined by multiple factors such as cellular context, receptor expression profile, receptor-ligand affinity and differential ... 300 nM of primer pairs and a set of primers specific for this hIL-5Rα isoform [16] PCR protocol consisted of cycle at 95°C for 10 minutes followed by 40 cycles at 95°C for 30 seconds and at 64°C ... mRNA expression of eicosanoid receptors by real time PCR Expression of leukotrienes and prostanoid receptors analyzed by quantitative real time PCR showed an up-regulation of CysLT1 and CysLT2 receptors...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 16:20

... of 100 μl of whole blood from patients and controls were stained with μl of CD14-PerCP and μl of CD66-FITC The tubes were also stained with the following isotypes: 10 μl of mIgG2a-PE and μl of ... present study, the expression of cell surface receptors and ROS generation were evaluated in whole blood, with the use of CD66b and CD14 antibodies for immunophenotyping and CD14 antibodies in the ... CD11c and CD66b expression on neutrophil surface There were no differences in the expression of CD11b and CD11c among the four groups (p = 0.45 and p = 0.34, respectively) (Figure 1C,D) The expression...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 10:20

... body and CIMM Authors' contributions K.A.S., A.G., and R.G performed biological work J.G.P and A.S.K performed the clinical work, recruitment of patients, and procurement of specimens K.A.S and ... extended periods of time [5] Later reports from our laboratories included an analysis of the 5'UTR of CIMM-HCV [6] and the discovery of significant HCV variants [7] Rare insertions and deletions ... artefact of fixation and processing Figure gels of PCR products Agarose3 Agarose gels of PCR products The DNA standard is a kb plus ladder (Invitrogen) Arrows indicate the expected band sizes...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 18:20

... body and CIMM Authors' contributions K.A.S., A.G., and R.G performed biological work J.G.P and A.S.K performed the clinical work, recruitment of patients, and procurement of specimens K.A.S and ... extended periods of time [5] Later reports from our laboratories included an analysis of the 5'UTR of CIMM-HCV [6] and the discovery of significant HCV variants [7] Rare insertions and deletions ... artefact of fixation and processing Figure gels of PCR products Agarose3 Agarose gels of PCR products The DNA standard is a kb plus ladder (Invitrogen) Arrows indicate the expected band sizes...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 01:20

... Wireless Communications and Networking 101 10 OFDMA SC-FDMA −5 10 15 20 25 30 35 Average SNR (dB) OFDMA, 1.25 MHz OFDMA, 2.5 MHz OFDMA, MHz OFDMA, 10 MHz OFDMA, 15 MHz OFDMA, 20 MHz SC-FDMA, 1.25 ... dB OFDMA, −20 dB OFDMA, −10 dB OFDMA, dB OFDMA, 10 dB OFDMA, 20 dB OFDMA, 30 dB SC-FDMA, −20 dB SC-FDMA, −10 dB SC-FDMA, dB SC-FDMA, 10 dB SC-FDMA, 20 dB SC-FDMA, 30 dB Figure 5: Comparison of ... Geometrical interpretation of the harmonic mean, the arithmetic mean, and the geometric mean of AB(AB ) and BC(B C) 10 −5 10 15 20 25 30 35 Average SNR (dB) OFDMA, Rx OFDMA, Rx (MRC) OFDMA, Rx (MRC) SC-FDMA,...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 23:20