essential guide to writing part 4

... to be hit over the head. Implicit announcements may appear as rhetorical ques- tions, as in this essay about historians: What is the historian? The historian is he who tells a true story in writing. Consider ... emphasis and wordy committed to their careers, eager to move ahead eventually either to track upward in their 1 New paragraph companies or to get out on their own. They live together; they say they ... the Emperor, to show the different parts of the State in relation to one another and to him Later chapters will develop particular themes We shall have to consider at the close how far the

Ngày tải lên: 26/01/2014, 00:20

... some manner, to live, and look tolerably well, notwithstanding their despair and the continued absence of their lover; and some have even been known to recover so far as to be inclined to take another ... www.tailieuduhoc.org STOPS following sentence is an example (the Duke of Wellington is commenting with pleasant cynicism upon the capacity of young ladies to endure the absence of lovers gone to war): They ... requires a stronger stop to signal the distinction between one unit in the series and another. Look at this sen- tence about the rise of the Ku in the 1920s: There were other factors too: the deadly

Ngày tải lên: 17/10/2013, 16:15

... to them... election, each party promises to make the city bigger and better Each party, before the election, promises to make the city bigger and better Now the clause is organized into ... optional): CONVENTIONAL We stopped on the way to camp and bought supplies: bread, butter, cheese, hamburger, hot dogs, and beer. POLYSYNDETON We stopped on the way to camp and bought For more ... understand; to understand is to explain oneself; to explain is to relate Brand Blanshard I didn't like the swimming pool, I didn't like swimming, and I didn't like the swimming instructor, and

Ngày tải lên: 07/11/2013, 00:15

... the result of adding a second, unnecessary suffix to a word to restore it to what it was in the first place: He has great (For ambition) The story contains a great deal of satiricalness. (For ... he proceeded to the bulletin board. BETTER: Told yes, he went to the bulletin board. Television shows which demonstrate participation in physical ex- ercise will improve your muscle tone. BETTER: ... conceals a fact considered improper or unpleasant. Euphe- misms for death include to pass away, to depart this life, to go to that big in the equally trite. Poverty, sexual matters, and diseases are

Ngày tải lên: 23/12/2013, 14:15

... it is not too much to ask people to look into a dictionary now and again.) Don't Spell Out What Is Clearly Implied Unless there is a clear chance of confusion, you do not have to state what ... the total context rather than by any single word. Each of these phrases is dead: Writing poetry requires experience as well as sensibility. A prereq- uisite to writing poetry is being able to ... support your topic it is just deadwood: The people had come to the new world for freedom of several different kinds,... or tone of voice (think of how we say generous to twist its sense to "stingy"

Ngày tải lên: 23/12/2013, 14:15

... Barbara Most similes are brief, but they may be by breaking the vehicles into parts and applying each to the tenor. A historian, writing about the Italian patriot Garibaldi, explains that his mind was ... capacity to familiarize the strange, to expand ideas, to express feelings and evaluations, and to give us pleasure, similes have an even greater power. They bring us more intimately in touch with ... Overworked Metaphors and similes ought not to be sprinkled about profusely, especially in expository writing Even when they do not clash, too many are likely to cancel one another Their effectiveness

Ngày tải lên: 23/12/2013, 14:15

... opposite value. Here, for example, a historian de- scribes a party at the court of the English king James I: Later the company flocked to the windows to look into the palace courtyard below. Here ... word: The average autochthonous Irishman is close to patriotism because he is close to the earth c K Chesterton For when the Commodore roused his starboard watch at 5: 14? ?? having given them ... hand bells of pietists, summoning all to pray for the SOLlls of the dead Morris Bishop Images can appeal to other senses: to smell, taste, touch, even to the muscular sense of movement and

Ngày tải lên: 20/01/2014, 20:20

... in his angry overalls, too angry to come down tO luncheon. Harold Nicholson Oxymoron and Rhetorical Paradox When the oddity of a collocation becomes seemingly contra- dictory, it is called an ... adjectives is known as a transferred epithet—a word customarily applied to a partic- ular noun or class of nouns which is used instead to modify something associated with that noun, as in "a ... the contradiction into a headword and modifier: His soul will never starve for exploits or excitement who is wise enough to be made a fool of. c. K. Chesterton Oxymoron and rhetorical paradox must

Ngày tải lên: 20/01/2014, 20:20

... Revisions 34 The Essay 43 Beginning 45 Closing 60 Organizing the Middle 67 Point of View, Persona, and Tone 74 The Expository Paragraph 87 12 Basic Structure 89 13 Paragraph Unity 95 14 Paragraph ... Narration 30 Description 351 31 Narration 366 PART VII Punctuation 377 Introduction 379 32 Stops 383 33 The Other Marks 41 7 Name Index 43 9 Subject Index 44 5 349 For more material and information, please ... Acknowledgments This book is based on The Oxford Guide to Writing: A Rhetoric and Handbook for College Students, and thanks are due once more to those who contributed to that book: my friend and colleague

Ngày tải lên: 26/01/2014, 00:20

... organization and tone. Or- ganization involves (1) how you analyze your topic, the parts into which you divide it, and (2) the order in which you present these parts and how you tie them together. Tone means ... of anything to write about." That's strange, because life is fascinating The solution is to open yourself to experience To look around To describe what you see and hear To read Reading ... space to add thoughts of your own If you accumulate a lot of entries, you may want to make an index or to group passages according to subject A commonplace book will help your writing

Ngày tải lên: 26/01/2014, 00:20

... reading novels and stories, looking into scholarly studies of changing social attitudes. You've got a lot to write about. Finding Topics by Free Writing or Brainstorming Free writing simply ... subject of this book is writing. Within that subject grammar, sentence style, and so on, are topics. Any topic, of course, can itself be analyzed into subtopics.) Some people like to work through a ... Lifestyle? Attitudes toward love, sex, marriage? Toward success, work, money? Already you have topics, perhaps too many. Another ques- tion suggests itself: Which of these topics do I want to focus on?

Ngày tải lên: 26/01/2014, 00:20

... little, or no, time to continue my instructional essay on "How To Begin a Story." "How To End a Story" is, of course, a different matter. . . . One way of ending a story is. And ... the business of the storyteller is to ask questions, not to answer them That truth applies sometimes to the essayist, who may wish to suggest a judgment rather than to formulate one The ... paragraph to each: A. What strategy did you use to interest your readers? B. What tone were you seeking to establish—specifically, how did you feel about the subject, how did you wish readers to view you,

Ngày tải lên: 26/01/2014, 00:20

... AND NARRATION his story into two parts: the problems of getting ashore (par- agraphs 2 and 3), and the difficulties of returning to the ship (4) . We called at Malta, a curious town where there ... of the narrative: Peter Romano's being carried off to jail In the simple and often partial stories you are likely to tell in expository writing, it is not always necessary (or even desirable) ... down my lunch on my way to the speech clinic and rush back to the school in time to make up for the classes I had lost. One day, one unforgettable dread day, I stopped to catch my breath on

Ngày tải lên: 26/01/2014, 00:20

... 333, 42 5 Roeder, Ralph, 173, 220 Charles J., 3 34, 40 4, 40 6, 41 4, 41 5 ,41 6 Roseberry, Lord, 331 Rudner, Ruth, 91, 323, 41 4, 42 9 Ruskin, John, 228 Russell, Bertrand, 77, 78, 79, 91, 92, 3 04, 40 2, 40 3, ... David, 180 Huxley, Aldous, 48 , 190, 2 04, 387, 390, 40 3, 40 5, 40 9, 41 5, 42 9 Irving, Washington, James, Henry, 40 1 Janeway, Elizabeth, 203, 272 Thomas, Johnson, Paul, 40 0, 40 7 Johnson, Samuel, 27 ... structure, 1 74 Barbarism, 268 The Basic Guide to Research Sources, 344 Beginning, 45 ff Brackets, 42 9 Brainstorming, 25 But as a conjunctive adverb, 103 Capitalization, 43 4 personification, 43 7 proper

Ngày tải lên: 13/12/2013, 23:15

... problem is to make clear that a class encompasses particulars. Thus in Chesterton's humorous analysis the broad category "people" 142 THE EXPOSITORY PARAGRAPH is composed of the particular ... the process, from the seed to the crop, stops at the intermediate mechanical stage of the money. He does not grow things to feed men; not even to feed one man; not even to feed himself. The miser ... expository paragraphs are analytical. To write about any subject you must analyze it into particulars (whether reasons or comparisons, illustrations or conse- quences) and then organize these into

Ngày tải lên: 24/07/2014, 05:20

... structures can be used to cite information Structures for Citing According to + noun According to the passage, A is true B, according to the author, is also true According to the lecture, C is ... that you read and hear The first one is done for you as an example Task 1 Trang 11 6 14 Section 4 Guide to Writing Notes on the passage: O steroids = great danger Aster > dinos, extinct In_ ... clause Study Y, which was conducted by sociologists in 20 04, shows that Study Y, conducted by sociologists in 20 04, shows that Trang 4 4 Reverse negatives Ais not as easy as Ais harder than

Ngày tải lên: 23/12/2013, 12:17

... behooves you, then, to create an appropriate tone and to avoid pomposity, say, or will put readers off. Here are a few examples of how skillful writers make tone work for them. Tone Toward Subject Toward ... Chartists had pushed through a fac- tory law restricting working time for women and juveniles to eleven hours, and from May 1, 1 848 to ten hours. This was not at all to the liking of the manufacturers, ... goes a long way toward avoiding a tone of cocksureness and restoring at least a sem- blance of two-way on that unavoidably one-way street from writer to reader. Thus a scholar writing about Chaucer's love...

Ngày tải lên: 17/10/2013, 16:15

... interferes with your social life. [4] It may even cost you your girlfriend. [5] Girls don't like to be told that you have to stay home and study when they want to go to a show or go dancing. [6] ... more reluctant to admit it. John Charles R. Forbes went to jail. Albert B. Fall went to jail. Alien Property Custodian Thomas W. Miller went to jail. Samuel Hopkins Adams Such plants to operate successfully ... sentence to another. Coherence belongs to the substructure of the par- agraph, to relationships of thought, feeling, and perception. Both necessary if a paragraph is to be truly unified. Coherence To...

Ngày tải lên: 20/10/2013, 03:15

... accustomed to the law and order of the present day to understand the dangers which threatened the Jacobean trav- eller. The seas swarmed with pirates; so that few merchantmen dared to put to sea ... relics, and gave his life into the guidance of his spiritual director. The Protestant tore open the machinery of the miracles, flung the bones and ragged garments into the fire, and treated priests ... subject in its totality. Organ- izing around 1, 2, and 3 emphasizes particular likenesses or differences. It all depends on what you want to do. In the following case the writer elected to organize...

Ngày tải lên: 20/10/2013, 04:15

... garage and driveway. He will contribute his share to the 142 million tons of smoke and fumes, seven million junked cars, 20 million tons of paper, 48 bil- lion cans, and 26 billion bottles the overburdened ... compact not to meddle with his children under any circumstances, it would become me to let particular mode of getting rid of the gentleman alone. But if there was a bed newly made up, to which the ... ought to decide. That is just the case. The new territories are the newly made bed to which our children are to go, and it lies with the nation to say whether they shall have snakes mixed up with...

Ngày tải lên: 24/10/2013, 02:15