error detection and correction coding schemes

... this section: Types of Errors Redundancy Detection Versus Correction Forward Error Correction Versus Retransmission Coding Modular Arithmetic 10.3 Note In a single-bit error, only bit in the ... this section: Error Detection Error Correction Hamming Distance Minimum Hamming Distance 10.13 Figure 10.5 Datawords and codewords in block coding 10.14 Example 10.1 The 4B/5B block coding discussed ... applications require that errors be detected and corrected 10.2 10-1 INTRODUCTION Let us first discuss some issues related, directly or indirectly, to error detection and correction Topics discussed...

Ngày tải lên: 16/02/2014, 20:20

... Telecommunications, Fall 1999 Lecture-09 Error Sources, Detection and Correction Error Detection Methods: • Parity Checking The oldest, simplest and least effective method of error detection is parity checking ... Lecture-09 Error Sources, Detection and Correction Error Prevention: • Shielding (p.140) Covering a cable or equipment with a grounded metallic conductor shields it from electrical noise, and prevents ... odd number Detects single bit errors (or any odd number of errors) but cannot detect 2, or bits (any even number of errors) in error This results in a very poor error detection rate of about 50%...

Ngày tải lên: 10/12/2013, 08:15

... the reparandum and repair intervals, while extending its possible acoustic and prosodic manifestations Identifying the Reparandum Interval Our acoustic and prosodic analysis of the reparandum interval ... the reparandum offset From the point of view of repair detection and correction, acoustic-prosodic cues to the onset of the reparandum would clearly be useful in the choice of appropriate correction ... represented and lexical and syntactic category assignments hand-corrected, indicating that, in theory, the edit signal can be computationally exploited for both repair detection and correction Our "speech-first"...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 21:20

... small and therefore these cases are the most likely candidates when looking for errors Automatic Correction of Errors In this section we propose our algorithm for automatic correction of errors, ... following steps: Automatic detection of error candidates, i.e cases where two parsers deliver results different to gold-standard Substitution of the annotation of the error candidates by the annotation ... Of Errors The previous section tries to evaluate the precision of the approach for the identified error candidates However, it remains unclear how many of the errors are found and how many errors...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 22:20

... 200-203 Shriberg, E., Bear, 3., and Dowding, J (1992 a) "Automatic Detection and Correction of Repairs in Human-Computer Dialog" Proceedings of the DARPA Speech and Natural Language Workshop, ... study of cue words such as "no" and "well." And third, we discuss how acoustic information can aid in the detection of word fragments, which occur frequently and which pose difficulty for automatic ... accurate in detecting repairs, and with syntax and semantics working together, it is accurate at detecting false positives However, since the coverage of syntax and semantics will always be lower...

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 06:20

... parts—the A-chain (sound recording and playback) and the B-chain (amplifiers, loudspeakers, acoustics) For the A-chain, the oldest standard response curve is the A-Curve (Standard Electrical Characteristic ... Hz to 1.6 kHz and falls rapidly beyond these limits, removing frequencies above kHz to avoid hiss From the 1970’s, this standard has needed an update and in 1984, a new SMPTE standard was published ... contribution focuses on the correction of over- and underexposed soundtracks We can, therefore, hereafter assume that we deal with clean and symmetric samples 2.1 Underexposure and overexposure As for...

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 01:20

... sequence, we report 124,432 SNPs and 22,960 indels in chimpanzee, 188,617 SNPs and 16,840 indels in chicken, and 50,209 SNPs and 10,764 indels in cow For chimpanzee and chicken, we submitted these ... in St Louis for chimpanzee and chicken, the Broad Institute for dog, and the Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology at the University of Maryland for cow Detection of potential haplotype ... published genome sequences are in fact errors due to mis-assembly, and in this paper we attempt to identify and quantify the frequency of this type of assembly error To accurately detect mis-assembled...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 20:21

... and A and C share a red detection laser while G and T share a green detection laser Thus, A and C are more likely to be mistaken for each other than for G or T [26] Edit distance treats all error ... [33] Results and discussion Accuracy The two goals of error correction are to cleanly separate reads with errors from reads without errors and to properly correct the reads with errors To assess ... mis-corrections by 64%, and kept 15% fewer error reads EULER produced very poor correction results, for example, correcting less than half as many reads as Quake with more mis-corrections and error...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 22:23

... the fault detection and correction processes together based on NHPP models Fault correction is a difficult and time-consuming exercise When the performance of fault detection and fault correction ... Estimate MSE Mean Square Error MSEd Mean squares of errors of fault detection process MSEc Mean squares of errors of fault correction process RE Relative Errors MRE Mean of Relative Errors md(t) mean ... three sub-processes: fault detection, fault correction and fault introduction We proposed the combined fault detection and correction modeling by considering various fault correction time Our extensions...

Ngày tải lên: 11/09/2015, 16:06

... real -error corpus was used We used two metrics: 1) Precision and recall rates of the error correction by the systems, and 2) Relative improvement, the number of differences between improved and ... presented an error correction method of Japanese particles that uses pseudo -error generation We applied domain adaptation in which the pseudoerrors are regarded as the source domain and the real-errors ... 924–933, Portland, Oregon 392 Andreas Stolcke, Jing Zheng, Wen Wang, and Victor Abrash 2011 SRILM at sixteen: Update and outlook In Proceedings of IEEE Automatic Speech Recognition and Understanding...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 19:20

... 2007; Bengtson and Roth, 2008; Denis and Baldridge, 2009), or on both (Finkel and Manning, 2008; Haghighi and Klein, 2009) Testing on both is needed given that the two annotation schemes differ ... obtain R and P, respectively • CEAF (Luo, 2005) It finds the best one-toone alignment between true and system entities Using true mentions and the φ3 similarity function, R and P are the same and correspond ... relation is kept apart from the attributive relation, and it also contains gold-standard morphological, syntactic and semantic information Since the MUC and ACE corpora are annotated with only coreference...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 22:20

... SOFTWARE ERROR DETECTION THROUGH TESTING AND ANALYSIS www.it-ebooks.info SOFTWARE ERROR DETECTION THROUGH TESTING AND ANALYSIS J C Huang University of Houston ... what to choose, and the second, as to when to stop choosing These two principles are easy to understand and easy to apply, TWO PRINCIPLES OF TEST-CASE SELECTION and therefore become handy under situations ... lines and 5, variable x is c-used on line while variable z is c-used first and then defined, variable y is c-used and then defined on line 7, variable x is c-used and then defined on line 8, and finally,...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 23:20

... Felice and Pulman, 2008; De Felice and Pulman, 2009; De Felice, 2009) uses a parser, the C&C parser (Clark and Curran, 2007)), to determine the head and complement of the preposition De Felice and ... arguments and adjuncts is useful for generating the correct preposition Baseline System The work of Chodorow et al (2007) and T&C08 treat the tasks of preposition selection and error detection ... local-groups, and left-2-POS-sequence = JJ-NNS Combination T&C08 expand on the lexical feature set by combining the PV, PN and FN features, resulting in features such as PN-FN and PV-PN-FN POS and token...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 21:20

... output the count of items observed with the given CP and RP 5.2 Error Correction Egad greatly facilitated our efforts to find and fix a wide variety of errors in Jacy For example, we restructured semantic ... methods of automatic error correction Markus Dickinson and Chong Min Lee 2008 Detecting errors in semantic annotation In Proceedings of the Sixth International Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC’08) ... not generating) Results and Evaluation 5.3 Updated Grammar Statistics We can look at two sets of results: how well Egad was able to analyze a grammar and detect errors, and how well a grammar...

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 00:20

... arithmetic coding has two major drawbacks, the error sensitivity and error propagation property Error propagation because of loss of synchronization can damage the whole data after an error has ... and error detection capability to a compression encoder often leads to a compromise between the amounts of compression achieved and the amount of security and the robustness against channel errors ... same K and by reversing the encoding operations By having the same K, both encoder and decoder generate the same pseudorandom number sequence for decision bits and exactly add the same γ1 and γ2...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 11:20

... Section the proposed ECOM schemes are described and the analytical framework on multicast throughput of the proposed schemes and BU and WU is provided Then performance evaluation and comparisons are ... results and discussions confirm that the proposed ECOM schemes can flexibly combine the multicast gain with the multiuser diversity and time diversity via the use of erasure correction coding to ... erasure -correction coding to a block of transmitted packets effectively explores the time/frequency diversity in a wireless fading environment The selection of channel gain threshold and erasure correction...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 11:20

... Source coding 3.3.1 Data compression 3.3.2 Speech coding 3.4 Appendix 3.4.1 Example of image coding, MPEG 37 38 40 41 43 44 46 48 55 56 70 76 76 Vi CONTENTS CHANNEL CODING 4.1 Error detection and error ... MODULATION, DETECTION AND CODING This page intentionally left blank MODULATION, DETECTION AND CODING Tommy Oberg Signals and Systems Group, Uppsala University Uppsala, ... may still be errors left in the information Channel coding BASIC ELEMENTS provides the possibility of correcting these errors within certain limits The error correction or error detection is...

Ngày tải lên: 28/06/2014, 21:20

... Indeed, some form of change detection is also needed In this section, we'll take what we've learned about locking and detection and formulate two pessimistic solutions and one optimistic solution ... statement and commits: update set where and person first_name = 'Tim' person_id = first_name = 'Tom'; Session two then executes the following UPDATE statement and commits: update set where and person ... tactics you can employ for detection Let me clarify that we are no longer discussing locking, but detection Detection is mutually exclusive of locking The first two detection tactics we will discuss...

Ngày tải lên: 29/09/2013, 09:20

... `PerlPostReadRequestHandler' push_handlers( ) stack is empty PerlPostReadRequestHandler handlers returned `PerlTransHandler' push_handlers( ) stack is empty PerlTransHandler handlers returned -1 `PerlInitHandler' ... `PerlHandler' push_handlers( ) stack is empty PerlHandler handlers returned `PerlLogHandler' push_handlers( ) stack is empty PerlLogHandler handlers returned -1 running registered cleanup handlers ... push_handlers( ) stack is empty PerlInitHandler handlers returned -1 `PerlHeaderParserHandler' push_handlers( ) stack is empty `PerlAccessHandler' push_handlers( ) stack is empty PerlAccessHandler...

Ngày tải lên: 24/10/2013, 08:15

... Signal Detection: Known Gains • Signal Detection: Unknown Gains • Signal Detection: Random Gains • Signal Detection: Single Signal 13.6 Spatio-Temporal Signals Detection: Known Gains and Known ... provides a brief and limited overview of some of the theory and practice of signal detection and classification The focus will be on the Gaussian observation model For more details and examples see ... that the number of decision errors is small There are two types of error possible: the error of missing the signal (decide H under K (signal is present)) and the error of false alarm (decide...

Ngày tải lên: 05/11/2013, 17:20