epidemiology of epilepsy in developing countries

... pharmacy profession in PakistanAt the time of independence – 1947 – there was no institution offering pharmacy education in Pakistan In 1948, the University of Punjab was the first institution ... regulatory enforcement of drug sales are also serious issues in developing countries For example, findings from a survey conducted in a rural region of Ghana revealed that drug retailers in five pharmacy ... Council of Pakistan are responsible for controlling and registering pharmacists in their respective provinces Political instability has caused change in the government, thus resulting in changes in...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 17:20

Ngày tải lên: 06/10/2014, 14:21

... one of a series of papers to review existing literature on developing countries experience in improving use of medicines It attempts to identify national policy and regulatory measures intended ... a training element 839 Acknowledging the inadequate number of studies under review and the limitation of the designs, these findings suggest a potential advantage of combined interventions In other ... testing, was found to be in Colombia, but 92 in the private sector of Chad The average number of drugs per prescription was 1.93 in the private sector in Andra Pradesh in India, and 3.8 in the...

Ngày tải lên: 09/10/2015, 20:09

... contributions of the informal sector for solid waste management in developing countries in general and in HCMC in particular and to find out whether an integration of the informal sector in the formal ... 9840238 THE INFORMAL SECTOR IN SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES The motivation for recycling in developing and industrialised countries is rather different In the latter recycling is ... of poverty in combination with a rising accumulation of recyclables in richer areas and the often insufficient collection services in poor areas of the cities has led to the formation of an informal...

Ngày tải lên: 24/08/2013, 18:48

... population in income group i in inventory year Ti,j = degree of utilization of treatment/discharge pathway or system, j, for each income group fraction i in an inventory year i = income group: ... drawbacks in attaining sustainability, Scenario is still an option as it brings many positive impacts in terms of environmental, economic, technical and functional aspects including low capital investment ... simultaneously using three sources of water (rainwater, drilled well water, and hand-dug well water) for cooking, drinking and domestic purposes However, the numbers of hand-dug wells in use are reducing...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 10:15

... Renewed interest in the topic is a result of the increasing role of emerging economies in export trade (Singh 2009) In a global world, and especially in developing countries, the number of small firms ... difficulties in adapting products to the requirements of foreign markets in terms of customer preferences and conditions of use The main obstacle, especially in the case of firms in developing countries intending ... Bank classifies developing countries as either low-income or middle-income countries In broad terms, by developing countries we mean low-income countries still characterized by limited industrialization...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 21:20

... professional in 17 of 28 countries (in five of these countries, the difference was more than seven percentage points) Another analysis found that in four of seven study countries, the proportion of women ... proportions of mothers in Latin America were still in school at the time of the surveys (12% in Bolivia and Brazil) In Africa and Asia, most women lived in rural areas (71–91%) In Latin America, ... than that of adolescents in at least one of the three younger subgroups Of these cases, eight were in Asia (India and Indonesia), five in Latin America (Guatemala and Peru) and three in Africa...

Ngày tải lên: 14/03/2014, 11:20

... impacts of disasters in developed countries generally not find and discuss aggregate, macroeconomic impacts; in developing countries a series of studies focusing on developing countries find significant ... price increase in labour or material inputs Not taking account of loss of life Not taking account of indirect effects Not taking account of increases in exposure This led to the following effects ... management in developing countries, outlining the potential of integrating disaster risk into economic project appraisal in order to select cost-effective projects while accounting for risk, raising...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 02:20

... SCREENING IN LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES The technical and financial constraints of implementing cytology-based screening programmes in developing countries have led to the investigation of screening tests ... these occurring in developing countries, respectively (1) Thus although breast cancer is increasing in importance in many developing countries, cervical cancer remains a major cause of morbidity ... screening programmes: Training of relevant health care professionals Cytology Screening in Middle-Income Countries There are many types of health care professionals that will require training:...

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 16:22

... complaints in commercial buildings, and the frequency of litigation over the effects of poor IAQ is increasing These increases have ramifications for insurance carriers, which pay for many of the ... search of buildings-related, business and legal databases, and interviews with insurance and risk management representatives aimed at finding information on the direct costs to the insurance industry ... Smith, K.R., 2000 “National burden of disease in India from indoor air pollution” in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (PNAS 2000 97: 13286-13293)...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 04:20

...  Engaging communities in child health will lead to detecting and initiating treatment of sick children  Increase competency in FP counseling in addition to assuring privacy of counseling at ... graph showing whether the indicator went up or down It should also include annotations pointing the time of main interventions that lead to the increase, or decrease, of the value of the indicator ... package into national service delivery policies and standards; build those aspects into pre-service training of health workers and in- service training of current staff  Incorporating quality indicators...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 06:20

... SCREENING IN LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES The technical and financial constraints of implementing cytology-based screening programmes in developing countries have led to the investigation of screening tests ... these occurring in developing countries, respectively (1) Thus although breast cancer is increasing in importance in many developing countries, cervical cancer remains a major cause of morbidity ... screening programmes: Training of relevant health care professionals Cytology Screening in Middle-Income Countries There are many types of health care professionals that will require training:...

Ngày tải lên: 28/03/2014, 23:20

... the inadequacy of human resources (HR) in developing countries In the health sector in general, and in maternal health in particular, health care professionals are at the heart of the success of ... resources of many developing countries [13] Indeed, in many rural regions of developing countries, deliveries are still handled by traditional birth attendants In such contexts, a better coverage of ... contexts Reducing the number of professionals for the gynaecological examination and increasing exposure to female personnel is preferred by most women, except in the case of certain interventions,...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 17:20

... role in a handful of countries [59-62] However, there remains a large gap in our understanding of these "missing" health workers: how much and what type of care they provide in developing countries, ... contributions of different categories of health workers and the role of health workers relative to other health system inputs in increasing utilization of essential services, particularly in developing countries ... nurses, in large part because of data availability [17,18] The causes of health worker shortages in developing countries are multifactorial and include insufficient medical and nursing training,...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 17:20

... phase of a broader literature review of the information and learning needs of health care providers in developing countries, and ways of addressing those needs, for the benefit of the wider international ... disease prevention in developing countries: hype and hope Report of the International Collaboration on Information Use in Cardiovascular Health Promotion in Developing Countries Int J Cardiol 2003, ... learning needs In this digital age, the growing urban-rural divide continues to influence the way health care professionals anywhere in the developing countries learn and gain access to information...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 17:20

... dissemination of information in the developing world, since only minimal infrastructure is required Television Television was used less frequently as a medium by journalists in the developing world, ... public awareness about HIV/AIDS in developing countries Coverage of government responses Restricted ART access in developing country settings Information on low use of MTCT prevention, pediatric ... unanimous in judging that the J2J program was very useful and 79% of them have increased their reporting of HIV/AIDS since the conference (Figure 2) In addition, the knowledge gained has continued...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 08:20

... Patients suffering from life-threatening conditions in developing countries are often unable to access medicines that are critical for their treatment and survival The high cost of medicines in relation ... partners aiming to provide better access to anti-retroviral (ARV) drugs in developing countries; by the end of December 2005, more than 716,000 people living with HIV/AIDS in developing countries ... fraction of the number of patients surviving in each quarter over the number of patients at risk The probability of surviving to any point is estimated from the cumulative probability of surviving...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 14:21

... gaining involvement of clinical directors, obtaining funding from senior management budgets and ensuring that senior clinicians participated actively at meetings Emphasis was placed on making individual ... 10% of mortality [15] There is no direct evidence of infection rates rising as a result of increasing institutional delivery Page of rates However, it is plausible that increasing utilisation of ... threatening disease of the mother with infection of the womb and abdominal cavity, bloodstream infection, fever and pain [5] In industrialized countries, puerperal sepsis is rare, causing 2.1% of...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 14:21

... WBF, Laing R: Quantifying the impoverishing effects of purchasing medicines: A crosscountry comparison of the affordability of medicines in the developing world PLoS Med 2010, 7:e1000333 Waning ... market In general, competition should be the default option for improving the affordability of medicines in developing countries Increasingly, ensuring such competition will require addressing the ... methodology offers the advantage of comparability across time and countries using available data, while being sensitive to widely varying income distributions within countries Regardless of the range of...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 14:21

... useful intervention to deliver healthcare, including healthcare information, in developing countries? Mobile telephone subscriptions have been growing rapidly since the 1980s in both developing ... to continuing debate It is possible that the health of individuals in a society also depends on the degree of income inequality in that society and that the effect of distribution of income on ... average income of its inhabitants, the cost of a one minute outgoing call on a mobile network in most non-European/U.S countries is arguably quite expensive, ranging from $0.50 in Brazil, to $1.00 in...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 18:20