english of ordinary english grammar

... Some key points of English grammar Dear students, English grammar can be very complex, and no one is familiar with 'everything that may ... very well possible for non-native speakers of English to master basic structures Below you will find a list of items which are 'essential' and a survey of common irregular verbs which you should ... Oxford Practice Grammar (with answers) Oxford: Oxford University Press, Murphy, R (1994) English Grammar in Use (with answers) Cambridge: Cambridge University Press NB: In formal written English contracted

Ngày tải lên: 05/10/2012, 09:58

... community of grammar teachers – people who are interested in grammar from a pedagogical point of view. There is a community of theoretical researchers, who are primarily interested in English grammar ... example is unacceptable as a piece of English. Note The terminology in this book is mainly based on that of Randolph Quirk et al. (1985): A Comprehensive Grammar of the English Language – see the Introduction. ... i-vi prelims 31/3/06 13:35 Page iv Contents Use of special symbols vi Introduction 1 Glossary of English grammar 5 Useful books relating to English grammar 129 Suggestions for further reading 132

Ngày tải lên: 28/08/2013, 15:40

... The different use of the subjunctive constitutes one of the most often quoted exaniples of peculiarities con- cerning BE and AE grammar Although the subjunc- tive mood is not of high frequency ... in English sen- tences as a preposition Trang 7 which often differs from the sum of the meanings of its individual parts It is a grammatical unit which fulfills normal verb functions in English ... father Trang 10 inside of — on — out — outside of — In AE it may be used instead of within, in less than, e.g., I want you to be back inside of an hour ' Where BE has in AE often has on, as in:

Ngày tải lên: 25/10/2013, 18:20

... bring out the flavor of the most common garden lettuce Policemen, victimized by crime themselves, often harbor fear and hostility toward ordinary citizens nav FY DN Many of my books, unopened ... by Renoir in the Metropolitan Museum of Art, the (good) one is practically ignored by the public 9 I believe the coastline of California is (long) than that of any other state in the country ... behind was one of the best I ever owned 2 My last dollar I wanted to spend on food was supposed to keep me alive until payday Two bottles of milk cost about half as much as a pound of meat have

Ngày tải lên: 24/07/2014, 05:20

... thinks he or she can write professionally needs an agent (Everyone is the antecedent of he or she.) Each of the actors recited the lines he knew best The right sort of book will find a market for ... store 11 Many experts deny the authenticity of that Vermeer, claiming that lacks the quality of light associate with the master 12 Although do not often admit their debt, many Americans would ... dictionary needed so badly 18 Of all the plays of Shakespeare, King Lear is the one I like best, although the other tragedies surpass as far as my wife is concerned 19 of Dora’s cats is gentler,

Ngày tải lên: 24/07/2014, 05:20

... - Selection of Tense The It is (1) (2) (3) tense of the verb must indicate the appropriate time of action or state of being described by the verb worthwhile to review here the six English tenses: ... its day Agreement of Tenses The tense of the verb in the main clause of a sentence determines the tense needed in a subordinate clause The time of the principal action or state of being described ... function of each word within the phrase as shown in these examples: Fred wanted me to buy snowshoes immediately Function of phrase object of wanted Functions of words me subject of to buy,

Ngày tải lên: 24/07/2014, 05:20

... (6) (7) subject of a verb, direct object of a verb, object of a preposition, object of a verbal (gerund, infinitive, participle), indirect object of a verb, Trang 15 Subject of a Verb Houses ... one of the great religions of the world The newspaper carried a major article on perestroika Football is often a game of inches Allied Armies invaded Normandy in 1944 Monarchy was the form of ... book.) The professor asked her a question (The direct object of asked is question Her, the indirect object, receives question Notice that of is omitted.) The professor asked a question of her (Her

Ngày tải lên: 24/07/2014, 05:20

... nonseparable It is beyond the scope of this text to present more than just a few of the hundreds of phrasal verbs in English Chart A1-4 contains an alphabetical list of the 109 phrasal verbs introduced ... it off it up them in it down 10 11 12 13 14 it out you down it up it on it off them out it on □ EXERCISE 7, p 436 Phrasal verbs (Group B) ANSWERS: into over on off in out of on off ... C) ANSWERS: it up it up it out them on it in her out it off it up it off 10 it off 11 it down (also possible: off ) 12 them out 13 it off 14 it up 15 it up 16 it on 17 him/her up 18 them away

Ngày tải lên: 24/07/2014, 07:21

... attention to problems of number when one of and some of are part of the subject of a sentence The pattern with one of seems to be a particular source of errors It is a useful pattern Perhaps ... of formal vs informal English Formal English is found, for example, in academic journals, a school or business report, official correspondence, nonfiction books Informal English occurs in everyday ... (“careful English? ??) A native speaker might use who instead of whom but would be more likely to use the patterns in (c) and (d) The pattern in (e) is formal written English • Discuss the concept of formal

Ngày tải lên: 24/07/2014, 07:21

... and Using English Grammar, Third Edition, for a comparison of the meanings of should and be supposed to.) This text emphasizes that the idea of expectation is included in the meaning of be supposed ... count usages of any of the words in this chart (e.g., works of art, the literatures of France and England, green peppers, the sands of time) Chart 11-5 deals briefly with that type of usage in ... mention that a lot of occurs principally in informal English You might also mention that lots of is the even more informal equivalent of a lot of □ EXERCISE 11, p 318 SEVERAL, A LOT OF, and MANY/MUCH

Ngày tải lên: 24/07/2014, 07:21

... use of the same as: — omission of the with same: INCORRECT: All of the students in our class use same book —the use of a instead of the: INCORRECT: Tom and Anna have a same book — the use of like, ... never will or cause itself to fall off Students from such language backgrounds may attempt to “stretch” the grammar of English to conform to the “logic” of their grammars; no language has any more ... the world One of the most famous people in the world is the president of the United States The president of the United States is one of the most famous people in the world One of the best movies

Ngày tải lên: 24/07/2014, 07:21

... animals are all part of a relentless process of change continuing through millions of years 10 Mozart was a great composer, but he had a short and difficult life At the end of his life, he was ... ideas • Because of is not presented in this text See Understanding and Using English Grammar, Third Edition, Chart 19-1 In brief, because introduces an adverb clause Because of is a two-word ... preposition followed by a (pro)noun object A common error is the use of because of instead of because INCORRECT: He drank some water because of he was thirsty □ EXERCISE 19, p 239 Adverb clauses with BECAUSE

Ngày tải lên: 24/07/2014, 07:21

... PREP thirty minutes of PREP dolls of PREP 1969 with of PREP the moon of PREP the day PREP during O on O of PREP a blue suit O in O at PREP of PREP his friend PREP Eric talked to of PREP the beach ... this text are already familiar with much of the grammar in this exercise, but some of the grammar is probably new to them (e.g., the use of the word offspring) EXPANSION: This practice can also ... O of PREP Children throughout the world S V PREP Astronauts walked S PREP 10 A woman PREP of on O PREP of PREP view of PREP the phone V PREP play V PREP PREP sat beside in O O PREP for O O O of

Ngày tải lên: 24/07/2014, 07:21

... for international students of English to adopt English- speakers’ cultural mannerisms, but it’s good for them to be made aware of these mannerisms And in the environment of the classroom, they may ... QUESTIONS • One purpose of this chart is to relate the form of yes/no questions to the form of information questions so that the students can see the overall pattern in English Make sure they ... can be elicited when what kind of is used Ask students what kind of shoes they’re wearing, what kind of watches they have, etc □ EXERCISE 16, p 132 Using WHAT KIND OF (Chart 5-7) This exercise

Ngày tải lên: 24/07/2014, 07:21

... communicate heard information are important parts of this kind of exercise Only students whose English is of a high level compared to the rest of the class should be group leaders Most classes ... if necessary, that their grammar book is a guide to useful information about English for second language learners, not a compendium of all there is to know about English grammar They truly don’t ... (The teaching of grammar lays the foundation for growth as learners gain experience with the language In the case of the grammar in question, an introduction to the form and meaning of the present

Ngày tải lên: 24/07/2014, 07:21

... usually is 95% of the time, and often is 90% of the time Or you might say that usually means “most of the time, regularly” and often means “many times, repeated times, frequently.” (2) Often can be ... always I drink coffee six mornings a week ϭ usually I drink coffee four or five mornings a week ϭ often I drink coffee two, three, or four mornings a week ϭ sometimes I drink coffee once every ... speakers of English can recite the principal parts of most of the irregular verbs It’s like a memory checklist they have to call on when needed The students at this level should already know many of

Ngày tải lên: 24/07/2014, 07:21

... Introduction General Aims of Fundamentals of English Grammar The principal aims of Fundamentals of English Grammar are to present clear, cogent information about English grammar and usage, to provide ... FUNDAMENTALS OF ENGLISH GRAMMAR Third Edition TEACHER’S GUIDE Betty Schrampfer Azar Barbara F Matthies Shelley Hartle fm_ph/prs_AZAR_39601 11/6/02 9:44 AM Page ii Fundamentals of English Grammar, ... the rationale and general aims of Fundamentals of English Grammar • the classroom techniques for presenting charts and using exercises • suggestions on the use of the Workbook in connection with

Ngày tải lên: 24/07/2014, 07:21

... Page viii General Aims of Fundamentals of English Grammar The principal aims of Fundamentals of English Grammar are to present clear, cogent information about English grammar and usage, to provide ... activities are important parts of the grammar classroom The study of grammar is and should be fun... DISCUSSION -OF- MEANING EXERCISES Some exercises consist primarily of you and the students ... purposes of discussion -of- meaning exercises is to provide an opportunity for summary comparison of the... would be best Examples: I drink coffee every morning of the week ϭ always I drink coffee

Ngày tải lên: 15/11/2014, 16:34

... gives a review of the relevant concepts of grammar and games including (1) definition of grammar and the importance of grammar to high school students, (2) ways to teach English grammar and factors ... learning English grammar, (3) definition of games, (4) kinds of games, (5) benefits of games, (6) when to apply games and (7) the role of teachers in games, 2.1 Grammar 2.1.1 Definition of grammar ... Without good grammar, the lack of confidence would be seen at the end of the course of the English study Students, therefore, lack of knowledge about English grammar and obviously they find English

Ngày tải lên: 24/11/2014, 02:27

... analysis of grammar rules and the oral proficiency, except for the use of grammar structures in a pre-defined context Convincingly, statistics revealed a high correlation between the grammar rules ... the importance of grammar teaching However, teaching grammar is an area that has received lots of controversies There were times in which grammar instruction was totally rejected in English language ... background of the problem, (2) research aim, (3) questions, (4) hypothesis, (5) significance of the study, and (6) finally organization of the thesis 1.1 Background of the Problem In the context of English

Ngày tải lên: 24/11/2014, 02:28