electrical conductivity in polymers

... fluctuation conductivity was calculated by Aslamazov and Larkin [2] by considering (noninteracting) Gaussian fluctuations within Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) and within a more phenomenological Ginzburg-Landau ... scale in linear response Time dependent Ginzburg-Landau equations with thermal noise describing the thermal fluctuations is used to investigate the vortex-liquid regime The nonlinear term in dynamics ... superconductors [9] In general there is a factor k of order one relating the two: σn = kσGL ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY IN TYPE II-SUPERCONDUCTOR 27 III THE GREEN’S FUNCTION OF TDGL IN GAUSSIAN APPROXIMATION...

Ngày tải lên: 31/10/2015, 10:40

... via three-dimensional stacking, and in particular, low cost solution-based techniques of spin-coating, spray-coating, dip-coating, roller-coating and ink-jet printing (Scott, 2004; Guizzo, 2004; ... from the linear (Ohmic) behavior of the current response in the polymer thin film, resulting in electrical conductivity switching behavior and memory effect in the sandwich structure The individual ... field-controlled polymer chain ordering and disordering Memory switching in poly(N-vinylcarbazole) (PVK) thin films was also reported, attributed to the trapping-detrapping processes associated...

Ngày tải lên: 11/09/2015, 09:59

Ngày tải lên: 31/08/2012, 16:33

... to installations at all voltages This standard does not apply to – electrical installations in mines susceptible to firedamp; NOTE This standard may apply to electrical installations in mines ... be formed and to electrical installations in the surface installation of mines – electrical installations in areas where the hazard is due to combustible dusts or fibres; – inherently explosive ... document (including any amendments) applies IEC 60034-5:2000, Rotating electrical machines – Part 5: Degrees of protection provided by the integral design of rotating electrical machines (IP code)...

Ngày tải lên: 25/12/2013, 10:42

... surrounding the silicon core Then, the applied current increased, resulting in the melting of the end of the SiNW contacting the tungsten probe In Fig 4b, the features of the contacts of the fused SiNW ... the electrical resistance by the 2-terminal method shown in Fig 6, the silicon wire was fractured by bending The fractured surface indicated the cleavage showing the clear single crystalline ... SiNWs formed for 1200 s at 569 K indicated the presence of oxygen along with a strong Si peak in the spectra of SiNWs The typical microstructure of a SiNW taken by TEM is shown in Fig The SiNWs...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 15:05

... material during processing or use, in dealing with problems involving migration and diffusion phenomena, in the deformulation of unknown additive cocktails, and in solving the origin of complaints (e.g ... (directly during production of the plastic in the reactor); (ii) addition to the finished granulate in a subsequent processing (compounding/mixing) stage, or in the processing machine itself Finally, ... strategically in an ever-increasing order of sophistication in analytical ingenuity Conventional, indirect, polymer/additive analysis methods, mainly involving wet chemistry routes, are described in Chapters...

Ngày tải lên: 02/04/2014, 16:27

... 154 Calendering 155 Roll Coating 157 Wire Coating 162 Fiber Spinning 163 Film Casting 169 Film Blowing 173 Unsteady-State Processes 176 Blow Molding 176 Thermoforming 178 Injection Molding 181 Conclusions ... and biopolymers Since in many cases the science and engineering are not well distinguishable, the editors decided to use a ‘‘mixed’’ approach in presenting the contributions in the book in alphabetic ... Poldneff and Martin W Heinstein Introduction 385 Nonlinear Finite Element Analysis 386 Incompressibility Conditions 389 Solution Strategy 393 Treatment of Contact Constraints 394 Tire Modeling 397 References...

Ngày tải lên: 02/04/2014, 16:28

... use of electrical equipment in explosive atmospheres was originally the province of the mining industry and, although the technology was used in surface industry, significant developments in this ... Contents xi 13.2.3 Interconnections 13.2.4 Simple apparatus 13.2.5 The intrinsically safe circuit 13.2.6 The intrinsically safe system 13.3 Levels of intrinsic safety 13.3.1 Intrinsic safety category ... Conductor terminations 20.4.1 Terminal construction 20.4.2 Assemblies of terminals 20.5 Earthing and bonding 20.5.1 Typical Zone and Zone 21 intrinsically safe circuits with bonding in the non-hazardous...

Ngày tải lên: 18/04/2014, 11:03

... superstructures, for instance by changing the conformation of the superstructure in a controlled way In addition, changes in the interparticle interactions lead to changes in the properties of ... reproducibly obtained via dithiol cross-linking of the nanoparticles The main objective of the study was to obtain kinetic information about the thiol exchange reaction from an approach that combines the ... consists of studies considering the optical and electrical interactions in assemblies formed of metal nanoparticles, thus introducing some of the fundamental properties behind the function of above...

Ngày tải lên: 04/06/2014, 15:05

... sciatic spine and absence of pain complaint at the lower back and the sacroiliac joint 3) Intolerance to sitting on the involved side with the body inclined over the thigh 4) Sciatica in the sitting ... preoperative medical treatment including painkillers and muscle relaxants; three have also had intrapiriformis muscle steroids injection The time average from the beginning of the pain to surgery was: 5.44 ... http://www.josr-online.com/content/5/1/3 expenses in repetitive imaging studies and to time loss in searching for the origin of the intractable sciatica among the lumbar pathologies Our clinical criteria...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 04:20

... conduction in thin SiNMs is eliminated The observation of H dosing of thin SOI(001) under UHV conditions producing a rapid drop in STM image quality (and therefore a presumed large reduction in conductivity) ... H-terminated surface [21], and indeed, the samples were hydrophobic after removing from vacuum Indium point contacts were soldered to the sample immediately after terminating with hydrogen in both ... sensitivity, we investigated two surface modifications on thin SiNMs that are nominally identical but differ in trace amounts of adsorbed species, H termination via HF etching and H termination via...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 03:20

... respectively However, Rcon(T) increases rapidly with decreasing temperature, as shown in Fig 3, indicating an insulating or semiconducting contact formed at the interfaces between the Pt microlead ... conducting polymers close to the metal–insulator transition [31]); therefore, localization of electrons induced by Coulomb interaction or small disorder must be taken into account in order to explain ... with different diameters ranging from 20 to 190 nm For the 190 nm PEDOT nanowire that is lying in the insulating regime of the metal–insulator transition, as shown in Fig 2a, the twoprobe resistance...

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 00:20

... of CHLO thin films on the PT thin films is also successfully done by spin coating technique The electrical conductivity in dark condition was increased with the increasing of PT thin film thickness ... with thinner PT thin film, the higher electrical conductivity can be gained This study, the combination of CHLO 10 thin film (the thickest CHLO thin film) and PT thin film (the thinnest PT thin film) ... the light energy to electrical energy Electrical Conductivity, σ (Sm–1) The electrical conductivity of PT5/CHLO 10 thin film simultaneously increased with the increasing of the intensity of light;...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 14:20

Ngày tải lên: 29/11/2014, 07:00

... the investment funds start expanding supermarkets in big cities like Hanoi and Da Nang; until 2009 with a total 38 stores, including 19 in Ho Chi MinhCity, 05 in Hanoi, 02 in Da Nang, and 12 in ... viewpoint: 1.2.8.1 Cost leadership strategy: This strategy is understood as maintaining the lowest cost in the industry or in the market Want to pursue this strategy requires capital investment in ... competitiveness in the industry or in the market SWOT Matrix is an important tool combined help administrators on the basis of the organization's resources strategic planning groups including arc combination...

Ngày tải lên: 26/03/2015, 10:55

... processing As alternatives to the more elaborated processes of vacuum deposition, solution processes, including spin-coating, spray-coating, dip-coating, roller-coating and ink-jet printing, promise ... These polymers include functional polyimides, polyfluorene copolymers, azobenzene-containing polymers and graphene oxide (GO)-polymer complexes Electrical switching and memory effects of these polymers ... screening results, it can be concluded that both the π-conjugation and coordinating heteroatom that can bind to metal ions, regardless of the position of binding sites (side chain or main chain),...

Ngày tải lên: 11/09/2015, 09:59

Ngày tải lên: 12/12/2013, 08:18

... report was to investigate the advantages and disadvantages of learning EEE as well as the main reason why they did not get good mark in the final test Techniques of gathering data including different ... questionnaires administered to students in d06, k52 in FOFL, HUT The study found that most of them found difficulties in learning EEE Although teacher was very enthusiastic for teaching, the main difficulties ... learning EEE as well as the main reason why they got bad marks in final test in order to help students and teachers have solutions to improve the quality of learning ESP , especially EEE in FOFL,...

Ngày tải lên: 13/12/2013, 12:15

... of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, IEEE (USA), a member of the IEEE Industry Applications and IEEE Power Engineering societies, a Fellow of Institution of Engineering Technology ... Chapter Introduction to Transients Electrical power systems are highly nonlinear and dynamic in nature: circuit breakers are closing and opening, faults are being cleared, generation is varying in ... electrical engineering and has far-reaching applications into automation, robotics, artificial intelligence, man-machine interface (MMI), and intelligent systems We will form a basic understanding of...

Ngày tải lên: 02/01/2014, 10:44

... find a particular point of information” In contrast with skimming, scanning is far more limited since it only means retrieving needed information This kind of reading is widely used in reading ... students with a variety of reading strategies including skimming, scanning, guessing the meanings of words, predicting, inferring, etc *Skimming: Skimming is a very useful reading skill for students ... understanding Francoise (1981: 41) defined: “Intensive reading means reading short texts to extract specific information This is an accuracy activity involving reading for details” And according to...

Ngày tải lên: 29/01/2014, 10:33