effects of indoor air pollutants

... Although the fraction of time spent indoors is less in rural than in urban areas, individual exposures are often huge due to high concentrations of pollutants in indoor air Therefore, indoor exposure, ... emissions of construction materials and furniture.7 Indoor concentrations of pollutants depend on the quantity of emissions, the volume of the polluted space, and the rate of exchange between indoor ... domestic indoor pollution as a health problem in industrialized countries.9,10 INDOOR AIR POLLUTION IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES Household use of solid fuels is the most widespread source of indoor air...

Ngày tải lên: 17/02/2014, 22:20

... concentrations of multiple indoor air pollutants It is used as a complementary indicator to decrease indoor pollution level in total and achieve healthy indoor air environment.109) The indoor air concentration ... changes of the amount of volatile organic compounds (VOC) in indoor air Indoor Environ., 10, 147–154 (in Japanese) Chikara, H., Iwamoto, S and Yoshimura, T (2009) Indoor Air Pollution of volatile ... The definition of SHS was proposed as “health impairments caused by indoor air pollution, regardless of the place, causative substance, or pathogenesis.”15) The health effect of air pollution...

Ngày tải lên: 17/02/2014, 22:20

... Scope of Indoor Air Pollution Toxins in their environment affect the health of children living in America As many as million Americans (25% of whom are under years of age) live with miles of one of ... monograph we will review some of the major causes of indoor air pollution, the circumstances of exposure leading to toxic doses of such pollutants, their toxicology and clinical effects, diagnostic and ... Assessment of health effects in epidemiologic studies of air pollution Environ Health Persp 1993; 101 (suppl 4): 149-154 30 Samet JM, Marbury MC, Spengler JD Health effects and sources of indoor air...

Ngày tải lên: 14/03/2014, 09:20

... 1994b) Indoor environment The quality of the indoor environment reflects on the health, comfort and productivity of individuals in buildings The main reason for the lack of awareness of the problems ... building pathologists and other professionals, financiers and developers, is necessary There is a very wide range of potential indoor air pollution sources, the effects of which may impinge on human ... Skov, P (1990) The role of potential immunogenic components of dust (MOD) in the sick building syndrome, in Indoor Air 90, 1, 14 House of Commons Environment Committee (1991) Indoor Pollution, 6th...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 04:20

... co-editor of Health Effects of Fossil Fuel Burning: Assessment and Mitigation; Indoor Air Pollution: A Health Perspective; Particles in Our Air: Concentrations and Health Effects; and Indoor Air Quality ... the areas of personal monitoring, air pollution health effects, indoor air pollution, and a variety of environmental sustainability issues He is the author of numerous articles on air quality ... damages of $9 million per coal-fired power plant determined in an analysis of 406 plants | Emissions of Hazardous Air Pollutants from Coal-Fired Power Plants Impacts of certain hazardous air pollutants, ...

Ngày tải lên: 29/03/2014, 14:20

... gasification environmental effects A comparison of the impacts on water streams of various processes is given in Table Pruschek et al (1995) discusses the removal of pollutants from a coal gasification ... the performance of various systems Important emissions data for IGCC projects are presented at the end of the current review Additional information is presented below on the status of coal gasification ... (1985) presented data on end uses of various gasifier process streams (see Table 2) The analysis of a typical product gas stream appears in Table From an economic point of view it is desirable to construct...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 20:20

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 21:21

... the effects of pollution and new developments in control technology without major overhauls of our legal structure or major revisions of existing plants The Four Philosophies Most of all air ... Air Pollution Control Philosophies • The wish of all concerned with air pollution is to have a completely unpolluted environment at no cost to anyone • An air pollution control ... Poor Excellent Terrible Enforceability Excellent Fair Excellent Unknown Flexibility Poor Fair Unnecessary Unknown Evolutionary ability Fair Fair Good Good Emission Standard Philosophy • “There...

Ngày tải lên: 29/03/2014, 18:20

... -C.1 Effects of air temperature on perceived indoor environmental conditions -C.2 Effects of time of exposure on perceived indoor environmental conditions -C.3 Effects of air temperature ... environment in relation to air temperature and air quality as defined by the amount of outdoor air supply within the modern office environment The effects of air temperature and outdoor air supply rate ... how moderate indoor air quality stress caused by the presence of indoor air pollutants affect any specific biomarkers Inhalation of carbon dioxide of up to 35% in total inhaled air may induce...

Ngày tải lên: 15/09/2015, 17:10

... lack of knowledge about the timing of air pollution effects (e.g critical ages, duration of exposure and persistence of effects) will add uncertainty to the impact assessment of chronic effects ... adverse effects of air pollution in specific locales; quantifying the effects of short-term variation of air pollution (including air pollution episodes); and serving as the basis for air pollution ... the effects of daily average exposures of the entire population (or broad strata of it) across broad geographic areas Use of these broad measures of exposure results in misclassification of exposure...

Ngày tải lên: 17/02/2014, 11:20

... orders of magnitude) specic emissions of hydrocarbons and high levels of PM, 24 Health effects of transport-related air pollution consisting mainly of VOCs, with only a small fraction of solid ... evaluation of the effects of and changes in exposure More research is needed on the patterns and adverse health effects of population exposure and on the role of the different components of the pollution ... oxides and VOCs lead to the formation of tropospheric ozone, a well-known air pollutant Health effects of transport-related air pollution The mixture of air pollution varies in time and space,...

Ngày tải lên: 17/02/2014, 11:20

... Role of Sources and Copollutants One of the biggest gaps in our knowledge relates to what specific air pollutants, combination of pollutants, sources of pollutants, and characteristics of pollutants ... 2771-2785 43 Bates, D.V Health Indices of the Adverse Effects of Air Pollution: The Question of Coherence; Environ Res 1992, 59, 336-349 44 Bates, D.V The Effects of Air Pollution on Children; Environ ... Review of Epidemiological Evidence of Health Effects of Particulate Air Pollution; Inhal Toxicol 1995, 7, 1-18 66 Pope, C.A., III; Bates, D.; Raizenne, M Health Effects of Particulate Air Pollution:...

Ngày tải lên: 17/02/2014, 11:20

... coronary artery disease # of Risk Factors 4+ # of Diseased Vessels 1 0.00 -5.00 -10.00 Figure Percent increase in risk (and 95% CI) of acute coronary events associated with 10 mg/m of PM2.5, stratified ... Controlled experimental human and animal Panel studies of asthmatics and non-asthmatics Summary of early Utah Valley epidemiological studies Health effects • Increased hospital admissions • Increased ... cross-subject differences (in this case, 12,865 subject-level fixed effects) , Season and/or month of year, Time trends, Day of week Modeling controversies: How to select control or referent periods...

Ngày tải lên: 17/02/2014, 11:20

... emissions of pollutants into the atmosphere in cities and regions of the Russian Federation in 2003] Institute of Ambient Air Protection, St Petersburg [In Russian] Moen A 1999 National Atlas of Norway: ... consists of 3–4 circular subplots One subplot was selected as a sample plot to represent the ground vegetation of the whole cluster The size of the subplot is 300 m2, with a radius of 9.8 m A total of ... effects of pollution on e.g terrestrial ecosystems In this paper we address the hypothesis that there is a differentiation in the impact and geographical distribution of the effects of pollutants...

Ngày tải lên: 17/02/2014, 22:20

... qualitatively, some of the important potential impacts of controls of air pollutants on temperature, we have carried out runs of the IGSM in which individual pollutant emissions, or combinations of these ... and different mixes of emissions, and to address the effects on climate of policies proposed for control of air pollution and vice versa (Wang et al., 1998; Mayer et al., 2000) Of particular importance ... consideration of control policies applied to local air pollution and global climate It also provides the capability to assess the effects of air pollution on ecosystems, and to predict levels of irritants...

Ngày tải lên: 17/02/2014, 22:20

... emission of air pollutants; NMC, NLDVs, NHVDs are traffic volumes for MC, LDVs, and HDVs; qMC, qLDVs, qHVDs are emission factors of air pollutants for each type of vehicles; i is the time of estimating ... of air pollutants and resulting air pollutant concentrations The inverse modeling has been used to estimate the emission factors in different cities of the world [2, 8, 9, 13] The advantage of ... method uses an air quality model to estimate the dispersion function, the accuracy of the estimated emissions will depend on the ability of the model to reproduce the dispersion of the pollutants...

Ngày tải lên: 05/03/2014, 16:20

... cataracts, and cancer of upper airways Assessments of the burden of disease attributable to use of solid fuel use in India have put the figure at to percent of the national burden of disease These ... indicator of overall indoor air pollution levels associated with biomass combustion Table provides a list of some Exposure to air pollutants is usually determined by attaching personal air samplers ... predictive of indoor 18 Indoor Air Pollution Associated with Household Fuel Use in India air pollution (such as kitchen type, household ventilation, presence/absence of chimneys, number of windows/doorways,...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 16:20

... Accurate prediction of the response of freshwater fish to a mixture of estrogenic chemicals Environ Health Perspect., 113(6):721-728 EFFECTS OF POLLUTANTS ON THE REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH OF MALE VERTEBRATE ... noted, but this may be due to effects of contaminants on the female of the species, rather than the male Moreover, the mechanisms of action by which some of the effects occur are not known with ... male birds; deformities of the EFFECTS OF POLLUTANTS ON THE REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH OF MALE VERTEBRATE WILDLIFE MALES UNDER THREAT section summary and overview (cont) Table 1: Effects reported in wildlife...

Ngày tải lên: 14/03/2014, 14:20

... the overall body of research on the effects of air pollution on human and animal health 14 | Addressing the Impact of Household Energy and Indoor Air Pollution on the Health of the Poor Implications ... the Impact of Household Energy and Indoor Air Pollution on the Health of the Poor Implications for Policy Action and Intervention Measures | The global burden of disease from indoor air pollution ... Impact of Household Energy and Indoor Air Pollution on the Health of the Poor Implications for Policy Action and Intervention Measures 90 Larson BA, Rosen S Household benefits of indoor air pollution...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 16:20

... not only a matter of threshold or of the statistical significance of small effects; it can also be a matter of inducing types of effects that not result from 1370 Journal of the Air & Waste Management ... relates to what specific air pollutants, combinations of pollutants, sources of pollutants, and characteristics of pollutants are most responsible for the observed health effects. ” Nevertheless, ... Analysis of Various Models of Short-Term Effects of Ambient Particles on Total Mortality in 29 Cities in APHEA2; In Revised Analyses of Time-Series Studies of Air Pollution and Health; Health Effects...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 20:20