effect of noise in digital communication system
Báo cáo khoa học: "On the Evaluation and Comparison of Taggers: the Effect of Noise in Testing Corpora." doc
... Voutilainen, A. 1997. Compar- ing a Linguistic and a Stochastic Tagger. In Pro- ceedings of joint E/A CL meeting. 1001 On the Evaluation and Comparison of Taggers: the Effect of Noise in Testing ... Proceedings of joint E/ACL meeting. Mooney, R.J. 1996. Comparative Experiments on Disambiguating Word Senses: An Illustration of the Role of Bias in Machine Learning. In Proceed- ings of EMNLP'96 ... Information Retrieval. In Proceedings of joint E/A CL meeting. M~trquez, L. and Padr6, L. 1997. A Flexible POS Tagger Using an Automatically Acquired Lan- guage Model. In Proceedings of...
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Báo cáo sinh học: " On the interchannel interference in digital communication systems, its impulsive nature, and its mitigation" doc
... instantaneous power of in- phase and quadraturecomponents resulting from such out -of- band emissions may appear as a pulse train consisting of a linearcombination of pulses originating at discrete ... most linear parts of the modulating signal. The next section clarifies the origins of this impulsivenature of the out -of- band interference.2 excessively broadened and the out -of- band interference ... described in Appendix D is ef-fective in mitigation of impulsive noise. Using DoL improves the signal-to -noise ratio and increases the datarates of a communication channel (e.g., GPS or WCDMA) in...
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báo cáo hóa học:" On the interchannel interference in digital communication systems, its impulsive nature, and its mitigation" ppt
... instantaneous power of in- phase and quadraturecomponents resulting from such out -of- band emissions may appear as a pulse train consisting of a linearcombination of pulses originating at discrete ... Signal Process. 51, 64–76 (2003)[4] AV Nikitin, On the impulsive nature of interchannel interference in digital communication systems, in Proceedings of IEEE Radio and Wireless Symposium, pp. 118–121. ... signal-to -noise ratio in the baseband by 7.4 dB, effectively suppressing the impulsive component of the noise andreducing the noise peakedness to 2.4 dBc. By comparing the black lines in the upper...
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Báo cáo toán học: " On the interchannel interference in digital communication systems, its impulsive nature, and its mitigation" docx
... filters in the channels, the main term of the total instan-taneous power of in- phase and quadrature componentsresulting from such out -of- band emissions may appearas a pulse train consisting of ... originate at the ‘ smoothest ’,mostlinearparts of the modulating signal. The next section clarifiesthe origins of this impulsive nature of the out -of- bandinterference.2 Impulsive nature of interchannel ... described in [9-13]. For instance, the differential over-limiter (DoL)described in Appendix D is effective in mitigation of impulsive noise. Using DoL improves the signal- to -noise ratio and increases...
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Principles of Digital Communication Systems and Computer Networks
... sách “Principles of Digital Communication Systems and Computer Networks” của nhóm em.Phần I – Các hệ thống truyền thông số (Digital Communation System) Chương 2: Lý Thuyết Thông Tin(Information ... truyền tin, sẽ có một nguồn phát hay nguồn tin(information source) mà nguồn phát này phát ra thông tin dưới một vài hình thức, và một nguồn thu hay nguồn nhận (information sink) thu về thông tin. ... lý thuyết thông tin năm 1948. Cuốn sách của ông “A Maththemathical Theroy of Communication ” (Một lý thuyết toán học của sự truyền thông tin) được xuất bản trong Tạp chí Bell System Technical...
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Báo cáo hóa học: " Research Article An Iterative Soft Bit Error Rate Estimation of Any Digital Communication Systems Using a Nonparametric Probability Density Function" pptx
... Simulation: a Brief Review In this section, we will give a brief description of the MCsimulation for any digital communication system. Let usconsider any point to point system communication overany ... estimate the pdf of the soft output of the receiver and then calculate the BER by computing theappropriate integral given by (10).However, in a practical situation, the nature of thepdf of the observed ... consistent.References[1] M. C. Jeruchim, “Techniques for estimating the bit error rate in the simulation of digital communication systems,” IEEE Journalon Selected Areas in Communications, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 153–170,1984....
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Tài liệu KRONE - the effect of Errors in TCP applications performance (full) pdf
... in this paper. In Network Troubleshooting Using TrueNet TestMethodologies, a discussion of the TrueNet testingmethdolodies is presented, including a discussion of thereal value of post-installation ... are already in its receive buffer.A window value, often called a window advertisement,is included in every segment header, including simpleacknowledgements. In this manner, each of the twostations ... network interface cards check incomingdata frames. Finally, well investigate the errordetection technique usually used in software. Mostprotocols such as TCP, UDP and IP include such a valuein...
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Tài liệu THE ROLE OF UNIVERSITIES IN REGIONAL INNOVATION SYSTEMS - A NORDIC PERSPECTIVE pdf
... engaged in routine activities. Thus, each national system of innovation is rooted in a na-tional system of production. By underlining the importance of existing eco-nomic structure innovations ... form of the building of new types of scholls like polytechnic schools and professional schools.Royal Institute of Technology, Karolinska Medical Institute, Institute of For-est, Institute of ... for certain functional systems of innova-tion. This was the key concept in the new innovation policy promoted by theOECD in the beginning of the 1990s. About ten years later system of innova-tion...
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Báo cáo khoa học: Effect of mutations in the b5–b7 loop on the structure and properties of human small heat shock protein HSP22 (HspB8, H11) pptx
... the intensities of the band of intact protein at the beginning of tryp-sinolysis and at the fixed time of trypsinolysis) againstthe time of incubation (Fig. 8D). The apparent rateconstants of ... constant of trypsin-olysis was determined by plotting ln(At⁄ Ao) (where AoandAtdenote the intensity of protein bands of intact unhydro-lized protein at the beginning and at the fixed time of ... Hsp16.9 [11], eachcontaining a single a-crystallin domain, and the par-asitic flatworm Taenia saginata Tsp36, containingtwo a-crystallin domains in the single polypeptidechain [12].Ten different...
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Báo cáo khoa học: "A CONSIDERATION ON THE CONCEPTS STRUCTURE AND LANGUAGE IN RELATION TO SELECTIONS OF TRANSLATION EQUIVALENTS OF VERBS IN MACHINE TRANSLATION SYSTEMS" doc
... given in Fig.1. In Fig.l, verbs associated are limited to a few ones such as Do (obJ = musical instrument)~ Pla~ (obJ = musical instrument). Becsuse, from the definition of musical instrument ... (1) Find a pair of verb and associated transla- tion equivalent (Do, Play : ~9-& ) that can be associated in common to a part of the structure of the categories as in Fig.l, and then find ... :Keyboard instrument) ~ ~'T/ (:Piano) ~~ ~u~ y( : Organ) / /C obj Play:. < i ~~(:String instrument) O (:Things) ~ (:Musical instrument) ~ ~obj Do.Play: ~~ ~ -'<4~1) ~(:vi°line)...
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steinmetz cp discussion on 'the effect of iron in distorting alternating-current wave-form
... 710ALTERNATING-CURRENTWAVE-FORM.[Sept.28thesampleundertest. In fact,evenwhentheutmostprecau-tionsaretakentokeeptheimpedance of thecircuitexteriortothemagnetizingcoilassmallaspossible,thisexternalim-pedancemaybethecontrollingfactor in thecircuit,particularlyforhighvalues of theflux-density,andcorrespondinglowvalues of thepermeability.Asthisexternalimpedanceispracticallyconstantundersuchconditions,thecurrent in themagnetizingcoilmayhaveverynearlyasineform,andconsequentlyproduceamuchdistortedwave of inducedelectromotiveforce in thesample.Theaccompanyingoscillographrecordsgivethepressure-wavesundervariousconditionsinduced in asecondarywindingonasample of ironweighingabout6lb.Thesamplewasbuiltup of punchings in theform of ahollowsquare5 in. outside,3 in. inside,eachsheet0.14 -in. thick.Themagnetizingcoilhad20turns.Thetotalresistance of thecircuitbetweengeneratorandsamplewasabout0.75ohm, of which0.3ohmwas in theinstruments in thecircuitand0.45 in thestep-downtransfomer(one-halfakilowatt,20to1ratio).Themagnetizingcoilit-selfhadpracticallynoresistance.Thesource of pressurewasasmall110-voltmotor-generator,givingasine-waveelectro-motiveforce.Curve1isfor25cyclesandamaximumflux-density of 6,850lines of inductionpersquarecentimeter.Curve2isfor25cyclesandamaximumflux-density of 11,300Curve3isfor25cyclesandamaximumflux-density of 12,800.Asine-wave of pressureattheterminals of themagnetizingcoilwouldhavegivenflux-densities of 7,000,12,000and15,-000linesrespectivelv.Thefollowingtablegivesforanothersampletheflux-densitiescalculatedonthebasis of asinewaveelectromotiveforceandthetrueflux-densitiesdeterminedfromtheaveragevalues of theelectromotiveforcewave:BTrueBRatio of TrueBtoCasldc-CalculatedonbasislatedB. of sinewave.60Cycles.25Cycles.60Cycles.25Cycles.4,0004,0004,0001.001.007,0006,8006,5000.970.9310,0009,4009,1000.940.9112,00011,00010,6000.920.8815,00012,2000.8117,50013,2000.7620,00014,1000.71A.HenryPikler(byletter):ProfessorBedell'spapergivestheimpressionthatthehysteresisloopistheonlycause of thedis-tortion of alternating-currentwave-forms.Thisisnotso.TheặTHERFORCE ... 70()8ALTERAT'I.V(;-CU,RREXI'AWAE-FORMI.[Sept.28HH1ifA4+BHCES_+SYor,substitutingthereluctance:1HitgivesKennelly'sequation:I1HP=_S+=C+DH.TheseequationsobviouslydonotapplytothetotalinductionB,buttoBo=B-H:thedifference,however,becomesnotice-ableonlyatveryhighmagnetomotiveforcesFIG.1.HaroldPender(byletter):The effect of iron in distortingthewave-form of currentandpressureis of particularimportance in determiningtheenergy-loss in smallsamples of ironbythewattmetermethod. In thismethod of measurementthemaxi-mumfluxdensityisusuallycalculatedfromtheeffectivepres-suremeasuredbyavoltmeteracrosstheterminals of themag-netizingwindingonthesample;ortheinducedpressure in asecondarywindingonthesamplemavbemeasured,thismethodeliminatingtheresistance-drop in themagnetizingwinding. In generalthemaximumfluxdensitvisproportionaltotheaveragevalue of theinducedelectromotiveforceoverhalfacycle;only in case of asinewave of inducedelectromotiveforceặTHERFORCE ... 1906]DISCUSSIONATNEWYORK.707physicalrelationtoarationalbasis.Idiscussthispointratherfullyonpage285 of Vol.XX of theInstituteTRANSACTIONS.(b) In connectionwithDr.Steinmetz'sreferencetotheinfluence of vibrationontheBandHcurve,Icalledattentiontoapaper of mine* in whichvibrationswere,used in thedetermilnation of whatIcallanormalcurve of BandH.C.P.Steinmetz(byletter):(1)Regardingthe...
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báo cáo sinh học:" Impact of an in-built monitoring system on family planning performance in rural Bangladesh" pdf
... meetings, formalities in terms of the recording of the agenda and post-discussionresolutions of issues after discussion were maintained in the majority of the meetings. The monthly performance of maternal ... overall system of the MOHFW, GoB.Methods: The interventions included development and testing of innovative solutions in service-delivery, provision of door-step injectables, and strengthening of ... interventions were aimed at improving the planning mechanismsand for reviewing the problem-solving processes to build an effective monitoring system of theinterventions at the local level of...
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báo cáo hóa học: " Measuring health-related quality of life in tuberculosis: a systemic review - Response" potx
... burden,especially in resources-constrained communities.There has been an increase in international standardi-zation of health-related quality of life measurements.Banks of items that measure health ... health-related quality of life questionnaires havebeen developed [5]. Using these items the ceiling andfloor effects common with most health measuringinstruments can be minimized. We concur with ... greater effect on populationhealth than is apparent from incidence and mortalitydata. We appreciate the authors’ review of this topic andfind from their analysis convincing support for expandingLTBI...
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báo cáo hóa học: " Measuring health-related quality of life in tuberculosis: a systematic review" docx
... Englishand 3 in Chinese [27,29,33]. The included studies werecarried out within different countries: 3 in China [27-29];1 in both China and southern Thailand [33]; 2 in India[21,35]; 2 in Turkey ... appeared to be a validinstrument in the measurement of HRQL in TB. Otherinstruments require further psychometric testing to deter-mine their suitability in measurement in this context. Ourreview ... status and presence of co-morbidities. Anotherconcern is the lack of interpretation of HRQL outcomes in terms of clinical meaningfulness. Statistical significance isa useful way to interpret the...
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báo cáo hóa học: " PLGA-based gene delivering nanoparticle enhance suppression effect of miRNA in HePG2 cells" docx
... cells.NumbersinTable3indicatethepercentageofcellsremaining in each phase of cell cycle. (A) Untreated group; (B) miR-NC contained nanoparticles transfected HepG2 cells; (C) miR-26a containednanoparticles ... were maintained at 37°C in humidified and 5%CO2incubator. The cytotoxicity of PL GA/PEI nanopar-ticles, complexed with or without pDNA, was deter-mined in a separate set of experiments using ... changes in cell viability after an incubationtime of 24 h. Cells were seeded in 24-well plates at aninitial density of 2 ì 104cells/well for HepG2 in 0.5 mL of growth medium and incubated...
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