drought and salt tolerance in plants pdf

... receiver domain and a long C-terminal part containing a single-repeat MYB-type DNA- binding domain (Sakai et al. 1998) called a GARP domain (Riechmann et al. 2000) and the proline- and glutamine-rich ... response regulators (Yamaguchi-Shinozaki and Shinozaki 2006). ZmABI4 interacts specifically with CE and functions in ABA signaling during germination and in sugar sensing in maize (Niu et al. 2002). Among ... determined as positive regulators in ABA signaling. Gene encoding ABA-induced protein kinase 1 (PKABA1), which is a serine– threonine type protein kinase, was isolated from wheat (Anderberg and...

Ngày tải lên: 14/02/2014, 12:20

... compatible osmolytes in plants subject to salt stress are GB, b -alaninebetaine, prolinebetaine, choline- O -sulphate, hydroxypro- linebetaine, and pipecolatebetaine (Ashraf and Fig. 1.1 Chemical ... logging, drought, inad- equate mineral nutrients in the soil, and exces- sive soil salinity. As especially drought and salt stress are becoming more and more serious threats to agriculture and ... (2007) Exogenous proline and glycinebetaine increase NaCl-induced ascorbate- glutathione cycle enzyme activities, and proline improves salt tolerance more than glycinebetaine in tobacco Bright...

Ngày tải lên: 14/03/2014, 10:20

... germinating the seeds collected from the inltrated plants on a medium containing 50 mgặL )1 kanamycin. Resistant T 1 plants surviving on kanamycin-containing medium were transferred to soil and then ... chimera 9; DBD, DNA-binding domain; EcR, ecdysone receptor; FMV, figwort mosaic virus; HsRXR, Homo sapiens retinoid X receptor; LBD, ligand-binding domain; LmRXR, Locusta migratoria retinoid X receptor; ... 35S:AtZFP11-expressing lines. Both Arabidopsis and tobacco transgenic plants showed low AtZFP11 expression in the absence of ligand, and induced expression levels were higher than the levels detected in transgenic...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 06:20

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 03:21

... between parent and child, confined though it may be in the opinion of the people whose institutions are in question, to a single parent, is an index to the way in which is determined the kinship organisation ... little influence in bringing about a change in the rule of descent. Here, too, the change in the rule of descent may be put down in the main to economic causes also in a broad sense. Dumping was ... claiming kinship, who (2) stand in a certain relation to some object, usually an animal, and (3) do not marry within the kin. Passing over the classes, which are peculiar to Australia and will...

Ngày tải lên: 13/02/2014, 05:20

... 114. 57 SAPRIN, MR, p. 151; Naiman and Watkins, p. 10. 58 SAPRIN, (MR), pp. 74, 158, 162-63; Naiman and Watkins, p. 11. 59 aiman and Watkins, p. 11. 60 SAPRIN (MR), p. 157. 61 Naiman and Watkins, p. ... engendered.” 3 SAPRIN explains this damning indictment by identifying four ways in which reforms under SAPs have impoverished people and increased economic inequality. Firstly, trade and financial sector ... 78-80, 83; Naiman and Watkins, p. 10. 52 SAPRIN, (ES), p. 4, 42, 51. 53 Naiman and Watkins, p. 10. 54 SAPRIN (ES), p. 8. 55 SAPRIN (MR), p. 87; Naiman and Watkins, p. 10. 56 SAPRIN, ES, p. 14; MR,...

Ngày tải lên: 16/02/2014, 11:20

... carried out in other plants. The recent advances in genomics provide opportunities to investigate these pathways in crop plants. To gain insights into the molecular mech- anism of auxin action in rice, ... of growth and development in plants. Sev- eral recent discoveries in auxin biology, including the identification of F-box proteins as auxin receptors, have contributed to our understanding of the ... 2009) doi:10.1111/j.1742-4658.2009.07033.x Auxin in uences growth and development in plants by altering gene expression. Many auxin-responsive genes have been characterized in Ara- bidopsis in detail, but not in crop plants. Earlier,...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 01:20

... the rotating disc and the guard ring on both normal and hydrated skin. They measured a larger increase in deformation due to hydration for decreasing annular size, indicating an increasing contribution ... top layer and the deeper layers of the skin in a non-invasive manner. The aim of this thesis is to gain a better understanding in the mechanical behaviour of the skin by characterizing the mechanical ... numerical models of the skin. Finally, changes in mechanical properties of the skin due to skin diseases may play a role in a better understanding and treatment of these diseases. In particular the barrier...

Ngày tải lên: 09/03/2014, 00:20

... PADETES since 1996, and to determine the main economic factors affecting utilization of modern inputs. Preliminary policy implications for increasing the use of inputs and accelerate output and ... schooling in El Salvador. Alan de Brauw and Daniel Gilligan, 2011. 1115. The quiet revolution in India’s food supply chains. Thomas Reardon and Bart Minten, 2011. 1114. A review of input and ... Randriamamonjy, and Racha Ramadan, 2011. 1127. How prudent are rural households in developing transition economies: Evidence from Zhejiang, China. Ling Jin, Kevin Z. Chen, Bingxin Yu, and Zuhui Huang,...

Ngày tải lên: 09/03/2014, 00:20

... this decision-making process in practice: Wheal Jane and South Crofty (Cornwall), Quaking Houses (Co Durham), Hlobane Colliery (South Africa) and Milluni Tin Mine (Bolivia). In many cases, particularly ... frequent contaminants are Fe, Mn, Al and SO 4 , with locally important contributions by other metals / metalloids including (in order of decreasing frequency) Zn, Cu, As, Ni, Cd and Pb. Remedial ... economic, political and ecological issues will prove even more challenging than the technical difficulties involved in implementing remedial interventions which will be robust in the long term....

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 16:20

... robots 10.0 12.0 14.0 16.0 18.0 Numerical Value A Look into Plans by Graphplan in the Blocks World domain Length of plan Number of steps in plan Classes of Resource Allocation Scheduling INH-UNSOLV[5 10] INFRES FINRES EASY HARD [3 ... MANY CHOICE OF TECHNIQUES FOR SOLVING RESOURCE SCHEDULING PROBLEM MANY CHOICE OF TECHNIQUES FOR SOLVING ABSTRACT PLANNING PROBLEM PROBLEM PLAN A B A B R1 R2 Initial State Goal State TABLE on_A_Tab on_B_Tab clear_A clear_B armE_R1 armE_R2 on_A_Tab on_B_Tab clear_A clear_A on_B_Tab on_A_Tab clear_B clear_B PICK_A_R1 PICK_A_R2 PICK_B_R1 PICK_B_R2 PICK_A_R2 STACK_A_B_R1 STACK_B_A_R1 PICK_B_R2 STACK_B_A_R2 PICK_B_R1 PICK_A_R1 hold_A_R1 hold_A_R2 hold_B_R1 hold_B_R2 . . on_A_B . . . . . . . Fact ... alt="" 1 3 5 7 9 # robots 0.1 1.0 10.0 100.0 log(time in secs) Performance of Graphplan and Blackbox (satz) in the 6-block Shuffle Problem in Blocks World GP-G GP-S GP-TOT BB-TOT 1.0 3.0 5.0...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 05:22

... Michael Clyne, Heinz Kretzenbacher, and Catrin Norrby. 2006. A cross-linguistic comparison of address pro- noun use in four European languages: Intralingual and interlingual dimensions. In Proceedings of ... for Computational Linguistics Towards a model of formal and informal address in English Manaal Faruqui Computer Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, India manaalfar@gmail.com Sebastian ... Traitor”: Predicting formal vs. infor- mal address in English literature. In Proceedings of ACL/HLT 2011, pages 467–472, Portland, OR. Jenny Rose Finkel and Christopher D. Manning. 2009. Nested...

Ngày tải lên: 24/03/2014, 03:20

... 6, and 12 months respectively. In this case, not only in calculating the standardized gap, the bank’s demand deposits (380 million euros in the example in Table 1.6) are multiplied by γ k and ... on-demand instruments, both interest-earning and interest- bearing) leads us to calculate two different repricing gaps the bank can use to measure the sensitivity of NII to increases and decreases ... specific yield. Following this line of reasoning, assuming one standard 1 For more information on RiskMetrics, see Part II. 18 Risk Management and Shareholders’ Value in Banking Rate variation...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 15:20

... underutilization and/ or missing opportunities for HIV detection within the healthcare sys- tem. In conclusion, our results indicate that men and women in Argentina are accessing HAART according to estab- lished ... randomized, double- blind trial comparing combinations of nevirapine, didanos- ine, and zidovudine for HIV-infected patients: the INCAS Trial. Italy, The Netherlands, Canada and Australia Study. JAMA 1998, ... generalize our results to all HIV-infected individuals in Argentina. Finally, other variables including income, edu- cation, other co-infections or comorbidities, and availa- bility of healthcare...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 08:20

... rule and final resolutions Kigali, Rwanda Lusaka, Zambia Total Final Resolution Final Resolution Final Resolution Total Uninfect Infect Unresolv Total Uninfect Infect Unresolv Total Uninfect Infect ... HIV infections in married or cohabiting couples in urban Zambia and Rwanda: an analysis of survey and clinical data. Lancet 2008, 371:2183-2191. 4. Painter TM: Voluntary counseling and testing ... confirmatory and tie- breaker tests (Unigold and/ or Capillus). In 18 (4.4%) cases, the Unigold was positi ve or indeterminate, and in nine (2.2%), the Capillus was positive or indeterminate. In the...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 08:20

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Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 12:20