... Purification of air and water Mitigation of floods and droughts Detoxification and decomposition of wastes Generation and renewal of soil and soil fertility Pollination of crops and natural vegetation ... important drivers of the existing status of natural capital and ecosystem services and to develop models of how they can be moved and the likely consequences of doing so (chapter 16) Policy choices ... discussion of ecosystem services out of the “easy frame of mind” and push it to the next level, at which serious and detailed lawandpolicy implementation frameworks can be designed, tested, and implemented...
... Professor of Public International Law at the University of Edinburgh He is General Editor of the International and Comparative Law Quarterly and coauthor, with P Birnie, of International Lawand ... International Law Commission and the Future of International Law (with M Anderson, A V Lowe and C Wickremasinghe, 1998) and International Lawand Sustainable Development (with D Freestone, 1999) Lawson ... Oceans Institute of Canada, he has published widely on ocean and environmental lawand policy, including Canada and Marine Environmental Protection (1995) and Oceans LawandPolicy in the Post-UNCED...
... Science and Diffusion ofLaw (2005) 32 Journal ofLawand Society 203–40, 208–13 119 Territorial lawand the rise of the state political dimension Space constraints prevent investigation of, for ... type of natural law, which could be complemented by positive law Although positive law lay outside the realm of natural lawand reason, in the free will of men,134 positive law as a matter of will ... court, as a courtof appeal, could not be expected to have technical knowledge of the lawand customs of the many different trial jurisdictions, Roman law was applied by default unless local law...
... Theory and Estimates, RAND Corporation, R-3028-AF, 1984, and the extension of the basic DRM to take into account the effect of the availability of multiyear contracts to certain classes of Air ... Training Program of RAND Project AIR FORCE The report should interest those involved in Air Force officer personnel management and those with an interest in modeling to support development ofpersonnel ... policies RAND Project AIR FORCE RAND Project AIR FORCE (PAF), a division of the RAND Corporation, is the U.S Air Force’s federally funded research and development center for studies and analyses...
... 2T4 Albert E Chudley University of Manitoba Program in Genetics and Metabolism Professor, Department of Pediatrics and Child Health Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics FE 229-840 ... University of Life Sciences Institute of Zoology Department of Histology and Embryology ul Wojska Polskiego 71c 60-625 Poznan ´ Poland Joanne Weinberg University of British Columbia Department of Cellular ... abuse, maternal age, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status (Warren and Foudin, 2001) 1.5 Prevalence and Impact of FAS and FASD Unfortunately, the prevalence of FAS and FASD is not as well understood...
... test development and laboratory testing of specimens SJD conceived and participated in the design of the study, contributed to test development and laboratory testing of specimens, and contributed ... prevalence of truly positive specimens and test sensitivities and specificities The latter method (CRS) utilizes constellations of results of imperfect results (e.g., a positive result of a single ... detection of norovirus infections caused by both genogroup (G1) and (G2) strains These assays have utilized in a variety of geographic settings and in the context of both outbreak investigation and...
... woods is Professor in Law at the University of Essex She is known for her work in the fields of EC law and, particularly, media regulation and freedom of expression She is co-author of a best-selling ... best-selling textbook in the field of EU lawand has written a monograph on the free movement of goods and services EUROPEAN BROAD CASTING LAWANDPOLICY JACKIE HARRISON AND LORNA WO ODS CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY ... PREFACE In view of the economic and cultural importance of the broadcasting sector in the EU and its Member States, the appearance of this study of European broadcasting lawandpolicy is timely...
... the reduction of diversity and plurality of media content and services as a consequence of the structure of ownership and control and the operation of global media enterprises Some of the more ... eighteenth and nineteenth centuries It arose out of the needs and interests of a commercial middle class and was formed in the growing number of coffee shops which became places to meet and discuss and ... as catering for the needs of passive and active citizen viewers Theories about the value and function of the broadcast media Evaluation of the importance and value of the broadcast media in society...
... development of the case law, see G Marenco, ‘The Notion of Restriction on the Freedom of Establishment and the Provision of Services in the CaseLaw of the Court , Yearbook of European Law 11 (1991), 111–50 ... the review of the European courts This may give rise to concerns both about its democratic nature and as regards the coherence and autonomy ofpolicy in flanking areas and the scope ofpolicy freedom ... 97/36/ EC of the European Parliament andof the Council of 30 June 1997 On the attempts of the Union to regulate in this area, see A Harcourt, ‘Regulation of European Media Markets; Approaches of the...
... such as the creation of the internal market, competition policyand industrial policy It is also clear that policymakers are aware of the needs of citizen viewers and the values of broadcasting Equally, ... evidence of a political compromise between market or policy interventionists and market or policy liberals This section has provided an overview of the scope of both the negative and positive policy ... basis of Commission guidelines and in the light of competition law: see chapters and 7); the assessment of an operator’s power on that market; and the imposition or withdrawal by the NRA of specific...
... more and more of those channels and services This chapter looks at the approach of the European Commission in its capacity as a competition authority and the European courts (European Courtof ... Justice (ECJ) andCourtof First Instance (CFI)) to identify the relationship between media specific issues and competition lawandpolicy One central question is whether the impact of mergers on ... Articles 17 and 18 of the Framework Directive and Recital 31, is susceptible of a number of different meanings There is a difference between including multiple interfaces in one type of hardware and...
... stage of its evolution not fit well with it at a later stage of its evolution Once the location of the head of ce and the location of the editorial decisions are separated, the question of establishment ... citizen-based model of viewing.11 None the less, most of the interests identified seem to be principally those of the broadcaster andof consumer viewers The fact that the role of advertisers and the weighting ... broadcaster and advertiser, on the one hand, and the interests of viewers, authors and creators of programmes, on the other.12 The assumption underpinning the CTT seems to be that the interests of the...
... [1999] ECR I-1459; and A Kjellgren, ‘On the Border of Abuse: The Jurisprudence of the European Courtof Justice on Circumvention, Fraud and Abuses of Community law , in M Andenas and W.-H Roth, (eds.), ... Recommendation of the European Parliament andof the Council on the protection of minors and human dignity and the right of reply in relation to the competitiveness of the European audiovisual and information ... Parliament andof the Council on the protection of minors and human dignity and the right of reply in the European audiovisual and information services industry The Recommendation is a follow-up of the...
... characteristics and, in this context, Union policymakers have periodically acknowledged the potential cultural importance of sport as part of the process of Union integration andof the formation of a European ... English High Court, but the Courtof Appeal59 overturned the High Court judge’s finding The Courtof Appeal took a perverse approach to the interpretation of Article 3a Although it adopted a standard ... media and sport is not new and has accompanied the growth of mass commercialised spectator sport from the end of the nineteenth century,8 it has grown and developed in the light of the range of...
... infrastructure; and the nature and range of content available Within the context of Union broadcasting policy, the interplay of technology (or arguments based on technology) andpolicy development ... understanding of public interest through the Competition Directorate-General’s views (and those of the European courts) on SGEI remains vital to the determination of the permitted scope of PSB ... Financing of Public Broadcasting and EC State Aid Law: An Interim Balance’, European Competition Law Review, (1999), 197–204, p 200; M Ross, ‘State Aids and National Courts: Definitions and Other...
... Border of Abuse: The Jurisprudence of the European Courtof Justice on Circumvention, Fraud and Abuses of Community Law , in M Andenas and W H Roth (eds.), Services and Free Movement in EU Law (Oxford: ... Communication and the Public Interest (London, Sage, 1992) Marenco, G., ‘The Notion of Restriction on the Freedom of Establishment and the Provision of Services in the Case -Law of the Court , Yearbook of ... Resolution of the Council and Representatives of the Governments of the Member States concerning PSB, OJ [1999] C 30/1 Resolution of the Council and Representatives of the Governments of the Member...
... demands of both enterprises and consumers who wish to understand the concepts and forms of a large group of abuses of dominant position, i.e abusive pricing, and discover ways of avoiding to and/ or ... VLC and US and EU law on the identification of dominance While US and EU law pay attention to two elements: “significant market power” and the “durable” feature of the power for an appearance of ... control laws came to life at the same time, and as part of, the establishment of the Community Provisions on competition principles appeared in Articles (f), 85 and 86 of the Treaty of Rome of 25...
... demands of both enterprises and consumers who wish to understand the concepts and forms of a large group of abuses of dominant position, i.e abusive pricing, and discover ways of avoiding to and/ or ... content of drafts of this dissertation Fourth, one thing I will never forget is the support and encouragement of the Lund University Faculty ofLawand Ho Chi Minh City University ofLaw during ... formation andof the way it can constrain free competition The investigation of the concept of “dominant position” is one of the central tasks of this dissertation and will be presented and analysed...
... of their impact on policies relating to improving the safety of educational institutions and gun policies First of all, a number of studies (Adding ton 2009; Birkland and Lawrence 2009; Fox and ... Understanding Fear, Policyand School Shootings: An Overview ofExisting Research Introduction The purpose of this chapter is to offer a discussion of current literature and a critical appraisal of ... variables and allow me to focus solely on linguistic framing The linkage of news media andpolicy framing of school shootings has been explored by scholars (Birkland and Lawrence 2009; Burns and Crawford...