digital image processing book free pdf

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 16:20

... xix 1 Introduction 15 1.1 What Is Digital Image Processing? 15 1.2 The Origins of Digital Image Processing 17 1.3 Examples of Fields that Use Digital Image Processing 21 1.3.1 Gamma-Ray Imaging ... Used 34 1.4 Fundamental Steps in Digital Image Processing 39 1.5 Components of an Image Processing System 42 Summary 44 References and Further Reading 45 2 Digital Image Fundamentals 34 2.1 Elements ... Representing Digital Images 54 2.4.3 Spatial and Gray-Level Resolution 57 2.4.4 Aliasing and Moiré Patterns 62 2.4.5 Zooming and Shrinking Digital Images 64 vii GONZFM-i-xxii. 5-10-2001 14:22 Page vii Digital...

Ngày tải lên: 02/11/2012, 17:24

... overlap be- tween image processing and image analysis is the area of recognition of indi- vidual regions or objects in an image. Thus, what we call in this book digital image processing encompasses ... image processing is intimately tied to the development of the digital computer. In fact, digital images require so much storage and computational power that progress in the field of digital image ... the published literature on image processing. Major refereed journals that publish articles on image processing and related topics include: IEEE Transactions on Image Processing; IEEE Transactions...

Ngày tải lên: 02/11/2012, 17:24

Ngày tải lên: 02/11/2012, 17:25

Ngày tải lên: 02/11/2012, 17:25

... for adaptive suppression, free from strong clutter contamination. Available acquisition methods include the use of clutter -free range-cells for low PRF systems, clutter -free Doppler bins for high ... have excelled already). In that sense, the -STAP is both channel calibration -free and steering-vector calibration -free. On the other hand, keeping the 16 channels of FA-STAP calibrated and updating ... unknown at this stage of processing in practice [7]. There are several non-optimized temporal DOF reduction methods available, such as the Doppler-domain (joint domain) localized processing (DDL/JDL)...

Ngày tải lên: 13/12/2013, 00:15

... IntroductionandMotivation Thischapterreviewstheapplicationsofantennaarraysignalprocessingtomobilenetworks.Cellular networksarerapidlygrowingaroundtheworldandanumberofemergingtechnologiesareseentobe criticaltotheirimprovedeconomicsandperformance.Amongtheseistheuseofmultipleantennas andspatialsignalprocessingatthebasestation.ThistechnologyisreferredtoasSmartAntennasor, moreaccurately,asSpace-TimeProcessing(STP).STPreferstoprocessingtheantennaoutputsin bothspaceandtimetomaximizesignalquality. Acellulararchitectureisusedinanumberofmobile/portablecommunicationsapplications.Cell sizesmayrangefromlargemacrocells,whichservehighspeedmobiles,tosmallermicrocellsorvery smallpicocells,whicharedesignedforoutdoorandindoorapplications.Eachoftheseoffersdifferent channelcharacteristicsand,therefore,posesdifferentchallengesforSTP.Likewise,differentservice deliverygoalssuchasgradeofserviceandtypeofservice:voice,data,orvideo,alsoneedspecic STPsolutions.STPprovidesthreeprocessingleverages.Therstisarraygain.Multipleantennas capturemoresignalenergy,whichcanbecombinedtoimprovethesignal-to-noiseratio(SNR).Next isspatialdiversitytocombatspace-selectivefading.Finally,STPcanreduceco-channel,adjacent channel,andinter-symbolinterference. Theorganizationofthischapterisasfollows.InSection68.2,wedescribethevectorchannelmodel forabasestationantennaarray.InSection68.3wediscussthealgorithmsforSTP.Section68.4outlines theapplicationsofSTPincellularnetworks.Finally,weconcludewithasummaryinSection68.5. c 1999byCRCPressLLC ... York, 1974. [23] Krim, H. and Viberg, M., Two decades of array signal processing research: the parametric approach, IEEE Signal Processing Magazine, 13(4), 67–94, July 1996. [24] Lee, W.C., Mobile ... blind identification of multichannel FIR filters, IEEE Trans. on Signal Processing, 1995. [29] Orfanidis, S.J., Optimal Signal Processing – An Introduction, Macmillan Publishing Co., New York, 1985. [30]...

Ngày tải lên: 13/12/2013, 00:15

... 1995. [35] Reddy, V.U., Mathew, G. and Paulraj, A., Some algorithms for eigensubspaceestimation, Digital Signal Processing, 5, 97–115, 1995. [36] Regalia, P.A. and Loubaton, P., Rational subspaceestimation ... data matrix where the kth column corresponds to the kth snapshot vector, x k ∈ C n . With block processing, the correlation matrix for a zero mean, stationary, ergodic vector process is typically ... sensor noise usually dominates numerical errors, this choice may not be critical in most signal processing applications. 66.2.2 Short Memory Windows for Time Varying Estimation Ultimately, weareinterestedin...

Ngày tải lên: 13/12/2013, 00:15

... lim n→∞ E{W(n)} . (23.14) c  1999 by CRC Press LLC Williamson, G.A. “Adaptive IIR Filters” Digital Signal Processing Handbook Ed. Vijay K. Madisetti and Douglas B. Williams Boca Raton: CRC Press LLC, 1999 c  1999byCRCPressLLC ... Signal Processing, 41(2), 617–628, 1993. [14] Lin, J N. and Unbehauen, R., Bias-remedy least mean square equation error algorithm for IIR parameter recursive estimation, IEEE Trans. Signal Processing, 40(1), ... Acoustics, Speech, Signal Processing, 38(7), 1222–1227, 1990. [17] Regalia, P.A., Stable and efficient latticealgorithms for adaptive IIR filtering, IEEE Trans.Signal Processing, 40(2), 375–388,...

Ngày tải lên: 13/12/2013, 00:15

... Ling, F., and Nikias, C.L., Advanced Digital Signal Processing , Macmillan Publishing, New York, 1992. [3] Widrow, B. and Stearns, S.D., Adaptive Signal Processing , Prentice-Hall, Englewood ... Press LLC Sayed, A.H. & Rupp, M. “Robustness Issues in Adaptive Filtering” Digital Signal Processing Handbook Ed. Vijay K. Madisetti and Douglas B. Williams Boca Raton: CRC Press LLC, 1999 c  1999byCRCPressLLC ... algorithms, IEEE Trans. Signal Processing , 44(8), 1982–1989, Aug. 1996. [19] Sayed, A.H. and Kailath, T., A state-space approach to adaptive RLS filtering, IEEE Signal Processing Magazine , 11(3),...

Ngày tải lên: 13/12/2013, 00:15

... (19.2) whereW(n)=[w 0 (n)w 1 (n)ÃÃÃw L1 (n)] T isthecoefcientvector,X(n)=[x(n)x(n 1)ÃÃÃx(nL+1)] T istheinputsignalvector,d(n)isthedesiredsignal,e(n)istheerrorsignal, andà(n)isthestepsize. TherearethreemainreasonswhytheLMSadaptivelterissopopular.First,itisrelativelyeasyto implementinsoftwareandhardwareduetoitscomputationalsimplicityandefcientuseofmemory. Second,itperformsrobustlyinthepresenceofnumericalerrorscausedbynite-precisionarithmetic. Third,itsbehaviorhasbeenanalyticallycharacterizedtothepointwhereausercaneasilysetupthe systemtoobtainadequateperformancewithonlylimitedknowledgeabouttheinputanddesired responsesignals. c 1999byCRCPressLLC [22] Farden,D.C., Tracking properties of adaptivesignal processingalgorithms, IEEETrans.Acoust., Speech, Signal Processing, ASSP-29(3), 439–446, June 1981. [23] Bitmead, R.R. and Anderson, ... algorithms, IEEE Trans. Signal Processing, 41(9), 2811–2825, Sept. 1993. [25] Douglas, S.C. and Meng, T.H Y., Normalized data nonlinearities for LMS adaptation, IEEE Trans. Signal Processing, 42(6), 1352–1365, ... Signal Processing, 4(3), 219–216, May-June 1990. [28] Harris, R.W., Chabries, D.M., and Bishop, F.A., A variable step (VS) adaptive filter algorithm, IEEE Trans. Acoust., Speech, Signal Processing, ASSP-34(2),...

Ngày tải lên: 13/12/2013, 00:15

... 1995. [8] Hayes, M.S., Statistical Digital Signal Processing and Modeling, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1996. [9] Haykin, S., Advances in Spectrum Analysis and Array Processing, Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, ... by CRC Press LLC Djuric, P.M. & Kay S.M. “Spectrum Estimation and Modeling” Digital Signal Processing Handbook Ed. Vijay K. Madisetti and Douglas B. Williams Boca Raton: CRC Press LLC, 1999 c  1999byCRCPressLLC ... which plays a major role in many applied sciences such as radar, speech processing, underwater acoustics, biomedical signal processing, sonar, seismology, vibration analysis, control theory, and...

Ngày tải lên: 13/12/2013, 00:15

... 13.4. c  1999 by CRC Press LLC Hero, A. “Signal Detection and Classification” Digital Signal Processing Handbook Ed. Vijay K. Madisetti and Douglas B. Williams Boca Raton: CRC Press LLC, 1999 c  1999byCRCPressLLC ... number of signals, also known as the order selection problem, is treated elsewhere in this Handbook. While the Gaussian spatiotemporal model could be treated in analogous fashion, for concreteness ... x H R −1 w B k [B H k R −1 w B k ] −1 R −1 w x, k = 1, J, are distributed as complex noncentral chi-square with p k degrees of freedom. For the special case of orthogonal prewhitened signals b i R −1 w b j = 0, i = j, these...

Ngày tải lên: 13/12/2013, 00:15

... configuration. c  1999 by CRC Press LLC Singer, A.C. “Signal Processing and Communication with Solitons” Digital Signal Processing Handbook Ed. Vijay K. Madisetti and Douglas B. Williams Boca Raton: ... using solitons, in Proc. IEEE Workshop on Nonlinear Signal and Image Processing, vol. I, 150–153, 1995. [14] Singer, A.C., Signal Processing and Communication with Solitons, Ph.D. thesis, Massachusetts Institute ... can be FIGURE 75.3: Two-soliton signal processing by a soliton system. viewed as special-purpose signal processors that are naturally suited to such signal processing tasks as signal separation...

Ngày tải lên: 22/12/2013, 21:17

... Press LLC Doherty, J.F. “Channel Equalization as a Regularized Inverse Problem” Digital Signal Processing Handbook Ed. Vijay K. Madisetti and Douglas B. Williams Boca Raton: CRC Press LLC, 1999 c  1999byCRCPressLLC ... algorithm for stable decision-feedback filtering, IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. II: Analog and Digital Signal Processing, 40 CAS-II, Jan. 1993. c  1999 by CRC Press LLC pulse shaping filter, the modulator, ... algorithm is that instantaneous throughput may be high due to the block -processing required. References [1] Proakis, J., Digital Communications, 2nd ed., McGraw-Hill, New York, 1989. [2] Hatzinakos,...

Ngày tải lên: 22/12/2013, 21:17

... Speech Processing as an Inverse Problem” Digital Signal Processing Handbook Ed. Vijay K. Madisetti and Douglas B. Williams Boca Raton: CRC Press LLC, 1999 c  1999byCRCPressLLC 27 Robust Speech Processing ... is small and has a negligible contribution to the cepstral distance. 27.4 Robust Speech Processing Robust speech processing attempts to maintain the performance of speaker and speech recognition system ... recursion can be used to solve for a [3]. 27.3 Template-Based Speech Processing The template-based matching algorithms for speech processing are generally conducted using the similarity of the vocal...

Ngày tải lên: 22/12/2013, 21:17

Ngày tải lên: 23/12/2013, 03:16

... driving forces for research in filter banks is image coding for low bit rate applications. Presently, subband imagecodersrepresentthebestapproachknownforimagecompression. As with any coder, at low ... CRC Press LLC Arrowood, J.; Randolph, T & Smith, M.J.T. “Filter Bank Design” Digital Signal Processing Handbook Ed. Vijay K. Madisetti and Douglas B. Williams Boca Raton: CRC Press LLC, 1999 c  1999byCRCPressLLC ... Aug. 1994. [39] Swanson, M. and Tewfik, A.H., A binary wavelet decompositionof binary images, IEEE Trans. Image Processing, 5, 1637–1650, Dec. 1996. [40] Flornes,K.,Grossman,A.,Hoschneider,M.andTorresani,B.,Waveletsonfinitefields,preprint, Nov....

Ngày tải lên: 19/01/2014, 19:20