differential gene expression in the inferior and superiorregion

... interleukin gene; λIg: the λ-chain of immunoglobulin gene; γIg: the γ-chain of immunoglobulin gene; IFN-ind: the interferon-inducible gene 6-16; IL4R: the interleukin receptor gene; TAP2: the transport ... immunoglobulin gene, γIg – the γ-chain of immunoglobulin gene, IFN-ind – the interferone-inducible gene 6-16, IL4R – the interleukin receptor gene, TAP2 – the transport protein gene, hnRNP A1 – the human ... lymphomas In this group of upregulated genes there were the a-myb oncogene, the interleukin receptor gene (IL4R), the gene of the transporter protein TAP2, the gene of protease calpain small subunit...

Ngày tải lên: 02/11/2012, 11:08

... differences in expression of genes encoding enzymes and other proteins involved in intermediary metabolism Perivenous expression is indicated by green, and genes with preferential periportal expression ... ornithine transcarbamylase (EC 2.1.3.3), argininosuccinate synthetase (EC 6.3.4.5), argininosuccinate lyase (EC 4.3.2.1), and arginase (EC 3.5.3.1), showing log2 expression ratios between 0.58 and ... perivenous) Amino acid degradation Figure 3C demonstrates differences in expression of the genes encoding enzymes of histidine and serine ⁄ glycine catabolism Three genes encoding enzymes of histidine...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 10:20

... activity in diabetic mice, but not in non diabetic mice [46] In our study, curcumin and insulin increased the dopamine D1 receptor expression levels in the cerebellum, which suggests that the curcumin ... receptor binding parameters were determined using Scatchard analysis [32] The specific binding was deter- Page of 11 mined by subtracting non-specific binding from the total The binding parameters, ... to determine the fold change in expression This was done by normalizing the resulting threshold cycle (CT) values of the target mRNAs to the CT values of the internal control β-actin in the same...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 05:21

... determine whether differences in expression levels of each gene existed between the spleen and liver These organs contain macrophages and other cell types capable of responding to LPS and other inflammatory ... least in part, for the increased cytokine and COX-2 gene expression observed in the spleen when compared to the liver Figure mRNA expression levels in parthenolide and LPS co-treatment spleen and ... parthenolide of proinflammatory gene expression reported in vitro (4–12, 15) and the small responses reported in animals here and previously (13) It is possible that in the whole animal the kinetics...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 08:21

... were quality inspected and then normalized together using the Expressionist® (Genedata, Basel, Switzerland) Refiner module in order to compare gene expression between nectaries and non-nectary ... quantile-normalized and then summarized using the RMA algorithm [69] Gene expression values were further linearly scaled up to a media of 100 in the Expressionist® (Genedata, Basel, Switzerland) Analyst ... Comparison of gene expression in different nectary types Comparison of gene expression in different nectary types The number of genes displaying a two-fold or greater difference in expression in different...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 03:20

... tolerance, and grain yield in LYP9 Obviously, further verification and functional examination of these differentially-expressed genes are of essence in understanding their precise roles in heterosis ... out the study design, performed the bioinformatics analysis, interpreted the analysis results and drafted the manuscript CC, SNH, and JY participated in the study design and helped in revising and ... file The details of differentially-expressed genes in panicle We integrated expression information, function annotation, and tag-mapping information of panicle differentially-expressed genes in the...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 05:20

... binding protein A9 [S100A9], etc.) other "later" gene interactions were surprising (Figures and 5) Perhaps the most intriguing finding regarding GMA-MS welding fume Page of 18 exposure was the ... 16 weeks in the B6 strain intriguing [29] The dysregulation of the calgranulins S100A8 and A9, in addition to CCL2 and IL8Rβ, warrants further investigation into a possible delayed inflammatory, ... provide unique insight into strain- and welding fume-dependent genetic factors involved in the mouse lung response to welding fume The gene regulation and network interconnectivity reported in this...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 11:22

... have lost their organelles, including nuclei Genes encoding the subunits of crystallins, the predominant structural proteins in the lens, were prominent in the lens signature, including subunits ... contains the results of the disease gene analysis, including the list of candidate genes for each disease genes for for disease Results of diseases genetic intervals The list intervals used in and ... were contained in the retinal signature The most notable of these, ABCA4, is involved in vitamin A transport in photoreceptor cells; mutations in the gene encoding ABCA4 can result in a spectrum...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 14:22

... boiling in a microwave and then immediately poured into a glass Coplin jar The Coplin jar was then placed into the 100°C water bath and the slides were then placed in to the Coplin jar for 20 minutes ... examined to determine the total volume of the precursor The area per point was 0.01 mm² and was determined at 4X magnification When measuring brain volume, the area inside the ventricles was included ... alter the development of the Ts65Dn mandible Interestingly, 155 genes were differentially expressed in the Ts65Dn mandibular precursor at E13.5, but none of these genes were triplicated in the...

Ngày tải lên: 24/08/2014, 12:33

... lipid-binding protein, intestinal 15 kDa protein, ileal bile acid-binding protein and gastrotropin, reflecting the speculations of authors on its intracellular function(s) In vitro binding assays ... reported the cloning and sequencing of mammalian FABP6 ⁄ Fabp6 genes and cDNAs, and their expression in mammalian species including human [10], rat [11–13], mouse [14,15] and pig [16] Over the years, ... distribution and binding activities of FABPs and regulation of FABP genes, including FABP gene knock-out experiments [8], our understanding of the physiological function(s) of these proteins remains limited...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 06:20

... [31-33] Furthermore, hepatic lipase and Star expression can be modulated by insulin [34,35] and leptin [34,36] The hyperinsulinemia/insulin-resistance of the obese LY mice may contribute to the elevated ... hyperinsulinemia/insulin resistance [37] Moreover, leptin bi-phasically modulates granulosa cell Star expression [36] An interesting and unexpected finding was the reciprocal shift in Hsd11b1 and ... type In humans, cortisol and cortisone are the major active and inactive forms, respectively Glucocorticoids are important in the pathogenesis of obesity and insulin resistance, and expression and...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 07:20

... current therapies In this study we provide the first gene array profiling of an estrogen responsive breast cancer cell line demonstrating that the combination of iodine and iodide alters gene expression ... the importance of iodine on the maintenance of healthy breast tissue and its role in carcinogenesis becomes clearer Unveiling iodine’s mechanism of action is of crucial importance Verifying the ... Among the list of altered genes were several genes documented to be estrogen responsive such as TFF1 and WISP2 Furthermore, the list contained several genes involved in the estrogen response including...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 17:20

... that the nine genes are candidate genes for these QTLs, the data indicate that gene expression profiling will be useful to assist in cloning of genes from QTLs Most of the QTLs were isolated in ... congenic strains [4045] and work is ongoing to clone the genes positionally Gene expression profiling will clearly speed up the cloning of genes by assisting in selection of recombinants, and will ... information regarding the pathways in which the genes are operating Conclusion We showed that a rather simple microarray analysis is useful in identifying interesting pathways and candidate genes...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 01:23

... in individual brain areas GenePaint points the user to several standard published adult and developmental brain atlases for both mice and rats The GENSAT project goes farthest in describing the ... resulting in a recombinant strain of mouse that eliminates a gene s expression only in the cells that express the Cre These lines will be a valuable resource for investigators looking to understand ... interest rather than the genomic insertion point The anatomical annotators of the GENSAT data have embraced the variability between their in situ data and the expression patterns seen in the BAC...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 07:21

... protein homologs in other species) and from functional interactions described in the literature [67] To gain insight into the functional significance of prospective neural genes identified by these ... the majority of genes in this interactome group are expressed in the nervous system favors the idea that these networks reflect authentic interactions in neurons We note that 13 of the proteins ... of the intestine is gray (c) Table displaying representative genes enriched in the larval pan-neural dataset and expressed in each indicated neuron Asterisks denote exclusive expression in the...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 07:22

... rates using two sets of data: all duplicated genes in the entire genome (denoted as the ALL gene set) and only the duplicated genes in the twocopy gene families (denoted as the FAM2 gene set) Therefore, ... proteins shorter than 50 amino acids to ensure annotation quality and obtained 22,598 human genes and 24,064 mouse genes Of these, 8,312 in human and 8,105 in mouse are single-copy genes, and the ... pairs in the NEW gene set have Ks ≤ 0.25, which confirms the recent duplications of these genes The majority of the gene pairs in the NEW gene set have Ka/Ks < 1, which suggests that these genes...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 08:20

... after infection; and MIP1α and MIP-1β exhibited moderate increases on day 4, coinciding with gene expression data By day these four cytokines were elevated, and there was also an increase in TNF-α ... role in regulating apoptosis increased on days to after infection (Figure 4a) These genes included Bcl-2 family members and interacting proteins: BCL2-antagonist of cell death, BH3 interacting ... populations that increased during the course of infection and the cluster of genes whose transcripts levels were increasing, and also cell populations that decreased and the cluster of genes whose...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 08:20

... of the genes in the category and the negative control genes Shown are the steps in the Learner of Functional Enrichment (LeFE) algorithm, with the letters in the left-hand column corresponding ... basis, the random forest determines the importance score of each gene (variable) in the multivariate model The distribution of importance scores of the genes in the category is then compared with the ... importance scores of each gene in Xiter is computed internally from the random forest I is then divided into two sets of importance scores, IE and InotE, for the genes in Ei and the negative control...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 08:20

... SLA2/Huntingtin-interacting protein Hip1 Y66H1B.3 462 784 Actin-binding cytoskeleton protein, filamin Y66H1B.2 119 902 Actin-binding cytoskeleton protein, filamin 766 20 Actin-binding protein Coronin, contains WD40 ... Actin regulatory proteins (gelsolin/villin family) Y71G12B.11 122 Talin W03F11.6 afd-1 - 393 Actin filament-binding protein Afadin F08A8.6 tag-138 - 474 Actin-binding protein SLA2/Huntingtin-interacting ... intestine [1,3] All of these muscles express the myosin heavy chain gene myo-3 (myosin heavy chain 3) [8] A distinct group of 20 muscle cells in the feeding organ or pharynx are also generated in the...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 08:20

... of the ease of stable cell line establishment, and because of their prominent use in transgenics and gene therapy The commercially available retroviral vector used in these studies contained the ... BLV Tax protein expression led us to investigate the use of the BLV promoter for gene therapy The U3 region of the BLV promoter, located in the 5' long terminal repeat (LTR), contains several ... 4) inducing BLVp activity about 48-fold in D17 cells and 4-fold in primary B cells Interestingly, we found that when BLV infected cells were transduced with the Tax transgene, the resulting increase...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 19:22