... production and total nematode populations in grassland ecosystems (Yeates and Coleman, 1982) This relationship holds for plant production measured as harvested hay and root biomass (King and Hutchinson, ... 1988) For example, Collembola and sciarid fly larvae transmit root-infecting fungi and fungal parasites (Anas and Reeleder, 1988; Whipps and Budge, 1993) Microarthropods are surrounded by and, ... Böstrom and Sohlenius, 1986; Hendrix et al., 1986; Holland and Coleman, 1987; Neher and Campbell, 1994) Fungal feeding by microarthropods may stimulate microbial growth and enhance decomposition and...
Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 17:20
... and NRE are shown in Figure GRE ranged between 60 – 95% and 20 – 95% for Tank A and Tank B, respectively Except for the first three initial surveys, the average GRE in Tank A were about 75% for ... were about 60% for T-COD, 60% for T-P, 50% for T-N and 85% for SS before soil replacement The GRE values after soil replacement showed almost similar values as those before soil replacement, contrary ... T-COD and T-P, 65% for T-N and 90% for SS In tank B, though the Overflow ratio (surface Overflow water / Inflow water) was comparatively high, the corresponding GRE values were about 60% for T-COD,...
Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 09:08
Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: Structure and function of active chromatin and DNase I hypersensitive sites pdf
... TATA-less promoters and may therefore play a role of maintaining this class of promoter in an open conformation [196] Many promoters contain CG islands that form unstable nucleosomes The majority of ... H4-K5, K8 and K12 acetylation [136–138] In yeast, this group is made up of NuA4 and Piccolo NuA4 which both utilize Esa1 as the HAT, and Esa1 was found to be essential for H4-K5, K8 and K12 acetylation ... which forms a NuA4-like complex, and HBO1 which more closely resembles yeast Piccolo NuA4 [138] In mammals, it is HBO1 and not Tip60 which is responsible for the bulk of the global H4-K5, K8 and...
Ngày tải lên: 14/02/2014, 18:20
Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: Interaction between very-KIND Ras guanine exchange factor and microtubule-associated protein 2, and its role in dendrite growth – structure and function of the second kinase noncatalytic C-lobe domain docx
... Sigma-Aldrich) and HA (catalog number: 1867423; Roche Diagnostics, Basel, Switzerland) were used at dilutions of : 1000 for immunoblotting, : 200 for immunocytochemistry and lgÆmL)1 for coimmunoprecipitation ... pEGFP-C1 and pGEX-4T-2 The N- and C-terminal regions of the v-KIND KIND2 and the MAP2 CD were generated by PCR and cloned into appropriate expression vectors Site-directed mutagenesis for substitution ... are critical for shaping neuronal circuits, and also may provide a clue to the understanding of some MAP2-associated neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders [16,17] Core modules for the very-KIND-MAP2...
Ngày tải lên: 14/02/2014, 19:20
Tài liệu Body Size: The Structure and Function of Aquatic Ecosystems pptx
... contributors for their efforts and remarkable efficiency, the British Ecological Society and the Freshwater Biological Association for their support, and the local organizers at the University of Hertfordshire ... histories and body size 10 David Atkinson and Andrew G Hirst Relationship between biomass turnover and body size for stream communities Alexander D Huryn and Arthur C Benke Body size in streams: ... ecology and the role of body size in marine and freshwater ecosystems James H Brown, Andrew P Allen and James F Gillooly Body size and suspension feeding Stuart Humphries 16 Life histories and body...
Ngày tải lên: 17/02/2014, 19:20
Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: Expression and function of Noxo1c, an alternative splicing form of the NADPH oxidase organizer 1 doc
... thymus, liver, and kidney To compare the amounts of the two variants expressed in the testis, we performed the PCR using the primers ‘d’ and ‘c’, where the cDNAs for both Noxo1b and Noxo1c are ... Fig Expression of Noxo1b and Noxo1c in human tissues (A) Location of primers for PCR analyses The cDNA primers ‘a’ and ‘b’ are designed as specific primers for Noxo1b and Noxo1c, respectively ... performed using cDNAs for Noxo1b or Noxo1c as a template, and the PCR products were subjected to 2% agarose-gel electrophoresis, and stained with ethidium bromide (C) Expression of Noxo1b and...
Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 06:20
Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: Structure and function of plant aspartic proteinases pptx
... 1B5F) [17] and prophytepsin, the precursor form of barley AP containing the prosegment and the PSI (PDB code: 1QDM) [25] (Fig 2) Both APs are two-chain polypeptides in their mature forms and present ... proposed for cenprosin, the AP from Centaurea calcitrapa [30] and for recombinant oryzasin 1, the rice AP [29] A slightly different picture has emerged for prophytepsin Using metabolic labeling and ... the precursor form of cyprosin was processed in different isoforms by the excision of the prosegment and of most of the PSI [21] Conversely to what has been found in vivo [31], heavy and light chains...
Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 12:20
Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: a-Conotoxins as tools for the elucidation of structure and function of neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subtypes doc
... Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (NI 592/2-1) We thank Heinrich ganglia neurons and bovine chromaffin cells and assumed to Betz for his support and for critical reading of the manuscript be selective for ... still be present in the snails and could supply novel ligands for mammalian nAChRs (for evolution, diversity and biosynthesis of a-conotoxins see [30,31]) ImI and ImII The first a-conotoxin showing ... a5 and/ or b3 subunit [12] The a5 and b3 subunits are very similar in sequence and both appear Neuronal nAChRs are present throughout the central and peripheral nervous system, at both pre- and...
Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 12:20
Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: Cold survival in freeze-intolerant insects The structure and function of b-helical antifreeze proteins pdf
... comparison of isoform sequences can demonstrate which residues are important for a protein’s function and structure A list of known isoforms may be found in Doucet et al [55] for sbwAFP and in Liou ... to allow for tight turns to form [45] An unusual property of left-handed helices is that most extended polypeptides with L-amino acids have an inherent right-handed twist [46] The lefthanded b-helices ... Sequencing of cDNAs from both sbwAFP and TmAFP has identified longer isoforms with inserts of 30 or 31 residues for sbwAFP [55,56], and inserts of 12 or 36 residues for TmAFP [36] These inserts represent...
Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 16:20
Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: "Beefmoves: Dissemination, Diversity, and Dynamics of English Borrowings in a German" ppt
... German and English CELEX wordlists are automatically classified as such This improved classifier results over tokens and types, as seen in Table in the comparison of token and type precision for the ... al.’s findings that DU and DT serve better than frequency as predictors of word fate, for the set of anglicisms (Table 3), all correlations were both negative and stronger, and initial frequency ... and frequency change in MZEE between t and year u = t + i Initial frequency and dissemination in MZEE In studying the fate of all words in two English Usenet corpora, Altmann, Pierrehumbert and...
Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 19:20
Tài liệu Báo cáo Y học: Structural diversity and transcription of class III peroxidases from Arabidopsis thaliana docx
... found for AtPCb and AtP6, and six for AtP14 Other observed differences resulted from splice variants, for example in AtP9, AtP15 [32], AtP36 (GenBank AF451952) and AtPEa (TIGR TC115446 and TC115444) ... purification and sequencing were performed as described previously [19] and both strands were sequenced Genes encoding class III peroxidases in Arabidopsis were searched for in the Munich Information ... nucleotide mismatches, and two sets for AtP2, AtP2a and AtP2b, with 19 mismatches and three deletions Ó FEBS 2002 AtP1b and AtP2a are identical in sequence to the genes At4g21960 and At2g37130, respectively...
Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 01:21
Báo cáo khoa học: Proteolytic activation and function of the cytokine Spatzle in the innate immune response of a lepidopteran insect, Manduca sexta ppt
... at 37 °C for h The mixtures were subjected to SDS-PAGE and immunoblotting using Spatzle antibodies The ¨ ¨ sizes and positions of molecular weight standards are indicated on the left Bands representing ... by PCR using the forward and reverse primers described in Table S1, to include an SpeI site at the 5¢-end, and codons for an in-frame His6 sequence followed by a stop codon and an XhoI site at ... Genetics Analysis and sequence alignment Brief Bioinform 5, 150–163 52 Jiang H, Mulnix AB & Kanost MR (1995) Expression and characterization of recombinant Manduca sexta serpin-1B and site-directed...
Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 09:22
Báo cáo khoa học: NMR solution structure and function of the C-terminal domain of eukaryotic class 1 polypeptide chain release factor pdf
... [19] Four b-strands (b1, 301–303; b2, 320–323; b6, 389–392; and b7, 409–412) form a b-sheet with three antiparallel strands (1, and 7) and strand 6, which is parallel to strand b-Strands are located ... structure and function of the eRF1 C-domain A B Mantsyzov et al Table Statistics for the two ensembles of the calculated structures of the human C-domain (24 structures for the open conformer and 24 for ... conformer being present in solution Therefore, one hypothesis is that the protonation state of the His356 side chain could be crucial for protein folding and for the stabilization of the conformers...
Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 11:20
Báo cáo khoa học: Evolutionary changes to transthyretin: structure and function of a transthyretin-like ancestral protein doc
... performed RNA interference (RNAi) studies in C elegans to determine a loss-of-function phenotype for R09H10.3 and ZK697.8 TLP genes RNAi-treated worms were scored for embryonic lethality and for ... of H12 and Y116 of b-strand H in TLP The P105 residue, mainly responsible for the b-strand irregularities, is invariant in TLP sequences, suggesting a crucial role for the particular conformation ... structural divergence Major differences between the S dublin TLP and zebrafish TLP are found in the flexible portions of strands B and C that protrude towards the solvent and in the conformation of the...
Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 00:20
Báo cáo khoa học: Synthesis and function of ribosomal proteins – fading models and new perspectives pptx
... RPs in human pathologies and animal models Ribosome deficiencies due to mutations in the genes coding for RPs or for rRNA have been known for many years in Drosophila and Xenopus [59–61] In both ... explanation for the inconsistencies could be that additional factors contribute to the regulation For instance, Ro60 is known to interact with La and CNBP ⁄ ZNF9, whereas small RNAs (Y) form a complex ... At present, these mutations account for about 50% of DBA cases, and other mutated RPs could therefore be found Although an additional tissue-specific role for the involved RPs [68,69] cannot be...
Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 01:20
Báo cáo khoa học: Structure and function of KH domains docx
... antiparallel b-strands is abutted by three a-helices (a1, a2, and a¢) The b-sheet in type I KH domains consists of three b-strands in the order b1, b¢ and b2 The b1-strand and b2-strand are parallel ... other, and the b¢-strand is antiparallel to both (Fig 1) This all-antiparallel arrangement of strands distinguishes the type I KH fold from the type II KH fold, in which the b1-strand and b2-strand ... the b1-strand and b2-strand are adjacent and parallel to each other, and the b¢-strand is adjacent and antiparallel to the b1-strand (Fig 1) The length and sequence of the variable loop are different...
Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 05:20
Báo cáo khóa học: Selective release and function of one of the two FMN groups in the cytoplasmic NAD + -reducing [NiFe]-hydrogenase from Ralstonia eutropha pptx
... enzyme and the other with buffer alone After h, a sample of the solution outside the dialysis bag was aerated for and then assayed for FMN The solution inside the dialysis bag was tested for NADH-K3Fe(CN)6 ... mM)1Æcm)1 for K3Fe(CN)6 at 420 nm) NADH (1.25 mM) and lL sample were added and later the reaction was started by the addition of mM K3Fe(CN)6 The specific hydrogenase activities with both NAD+ and BV ... tested for NADH-K3Fe(CN)6 activity and acid-labile FMN The experiment has been performed with three different preparations Data for each preparation are the minimal and maximal values of three measurements...
Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 15:20
Báo cáo khoa học: Structure and function of N-acetylglucosamine kinase Identification of two active site cysteines pptx
... isopropylthio-a-galactoside for h, harvested and resuspended in 20 mM Na2HPO4, pH 7.5, and then lysed by freezing/thawing The lysate was centrifuged at 10 000 g for 15 and the supernatant was analyzed for GlcNAc ... increased Km for GlcNAc, whereas the Km for ATP was increased only 2.5-fold The opposite was found for C143S, where the respective increases in Km were fivefold for GlcNAc and 10-fold for ATP Both ... sixfold increase in the Km for GlcNAc, whereas the Km for ATP was unchanged This suggests that C217 may have a role in GlcNAc binding For C211 and C268 the Km values for both substrates were increased,...
Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 10:20
Báo cáo Y học: Structure, mechanism and function of prenyltransferases docx
... molecular dyad axis The seven a helices and six b strands are shown in red and green, respectively, for subunit A, and in magenta and cyan for subunit B, and they are labelled separately The blue ... helices (a2 and a3) and four b strands (bB, bA, bD, and bC) as shown in Fig 5A In contrast with the symmetric structure of M luteus UPPS, two protein conformations (open and closed forms) are ... UPPS conformation to a closed form results in better interaction between the enzyme and the substrates and intermediates After the reaction, the UPPS structure shifts to an open form for product...
Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 22:20
Báo cáo khóa học: S-(2,3-Dichlorotriazinyl)glutathione A new affinity label for probing the structure and function of glutathione transferases potx
... enzyme intermediate, and kfast and kslow are Affinity labelling of maize GST I (Eur J Biochem 271) 3505 the rate constants for the slow and fast phase of the reaction Analysis was performed using the ... buffer, pH 7.0, and its UV spectra were recorded between 250 and 190 nm Molecular modelling Structure manipulations and analysis were performed using the PYMOL software [41] Results and Discussion ... peak at 230 nm, and was negative in the 5,5-dithio-bis-(2-nitrobenzoic) acid test for free -SH groups and positive in the ninhydrin and 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid test for primary amine...
Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 16:20