design patterns for embedded systems in c pdf download

... In some cases, two or more of the criteria are linked For example, increases in processing power could lead to increased production costs Conversely, we might imagine that the same increase in ... business calculators produced by the Japanese company Busicom In 1969, Busicom asked Intel to design a set of custom integrated circuits-one for each of their new calculator models The 4004 was Intel's ... manufactured and sold by Arcom Control Systems More information about the Arcom board and instructions for obtaining one can be found in Appendix A [2] Intel's 80188EB processor is a special version

Ngày tải lên: 05/08/2014, 10:21

... 85230 SCC */ #define SCC_INT 17 /* * On-Chip Timer/Counters */ #define TIMER0_INT 8 #define TIMER1_INT 18 #define TIMER2_INT 19 /* * On-Chip Serial Ports */ #define RX_INT 20 #define TX_INT ... Timer/Counters */ #define TCUCON (PCB_BASE + 0x12) #define T0CNT (PCB_BASE + 0x30) #define T0CMPA (PCB_BASE + 0x32) #define T0CMPB (PCB_BASE + 0x34) #define T0CON (PCB_BASE + 0x36) #define T1CNT ... (PCB_BASE + 0x38) #define T1CMPA (PCB_BASE + 0x3A) #define T1CMPB (PCB_BASE + 0x 3C) #define T1CON (PCB_BASE + 0x3E) #define T2CNT (PCB_BASE + 0x40) #define T2CMPA (PCB_BASE + 0x42) #define T2CON

Ngày tải lên: 05/08/2014, 10:21

... 6.3.2 Cyclic Redundancy Codes A cyclic redundancy code (CRC) is a specific checksum algorithm that is designed to detect the most common data errors The theory behind the CRC is quite mathematical ... the CRC checksum By carefully selecting the generator polynomial for certain desirable mathematical properties, you can... checksum at some fixed location in memory For example, you might decide ... scope of this book However, cyclic redundancy codes are frequently... constants To change to the CRC16 standard, simply change the values of the three constants For CRC32, change the three constants

Ngày tải lên: 05/08/2014, 10:21

... compute and verify CRC checksums. An additional benefit of splitting the computation between crcInit and crcCompute is that the crcInit function need not be executed on the embedded system. Instead, ... access them from C or C+ +. Such registers are accessible only with the help of special machine-language instructions. And these processor-specific instructions are not supported by the C or C+ + ... notably, C+ + classes allow us to hide the actual hardware interface more completely than any C features or programming techniques. For example, a constructor can be included to automatically configure

Ngày tải lên: 05/08/2014, 10:21

... the routines contextInit and os.readyList.insert. The contextInit routine establishes the initial context for a task. This routine is necessarily processor-specific and, therefore, written in assembly ... the scheduler,... perform a context switch is during interrupt processing The operating system tracks the nesting level of the current interrupt service routine and allows context switches ... requirements can usually be decomposed into a small number of such independent pieces. For example, the printer-sharing device described in Chapter 5, contains three obvious software tasks: • Task 1: Receive

Ngày tải lên: 05/08/2014, 10:21

... constructor This routine is responsible for initializing the three private data members and configuring the requested data channel within the SCC hardware: #include "scc.h" static SCC scc; /********************************************************************** ... destructor, the class includes four methods-putchar, [3] puts, getchar, and gets -for sending characters and strings of characters and receiving the same. These routines are defined exactly as ... section we will discuss the process of selecting the commercial operating system that best fits the needs of your project. Commercial operating systems form a continuum of functionality, performance,

Ngày tải lên: 05/08/2014, 10:21

... sales@arcomcontrols.com Web: http://www.arcomcontrols.com/ [...]...A ASIC Application-Specific Integrated Circuit A piece of custom-designed hardware in a chip address bus A set of electrical lines ... course, not everything introduced in C+ + is expensive. Many older C+ + compilers incorporate a technology called C- front that turns C+ + programs into C and feeds the result into a standard C compiler. ... stacks are used for function calls and interrupt service routines that occur within the context of a task. You can determine the amount of stack required for each task stack in the manner described

Ngày tải lên: 05/08/2014, 10:21

... Mechanisms for creating and removing breakpoints are provided by most debugging tools. < BACK CONTINUE > C CISC Complex Instruction Set Computer. Describes the architecture of a processor family. ... devices. Memory locations and registers within an I/O space can be accessed only via special instructions. For example, processors in the 80x86 family have special I/O space instructions called in ... very similar to a microprocessor. The main difference is that a microcontroller is designed specifically for use in embedded systems. Microcontrollers typically include a CPU, memory (a small

Ngày tải lên: 05/08/2014, 10:21

... Enoiron Sci Tech 1969, 3, 314 Hassler, J W Activated Carbon, Chemical Publishing Co., Inc., New York, 1963 Evaluation of Granular Carbon for Chemical Process Applications D-116, ICI America, Inc., ... total costs, direct and indirect, may be plotted against residence time Figure 12 shows this effect and indicates a minimum total operating cost for a specific residence time u) t u) 0 -C t e ... residence time; the total costs, direct and indirect, may be plotted against residence time Figure 12 shows this effect and indicates a minimum total operating cost for a specific residence time

Ngày tải lên: 25/08/2016, 19:14

... transceivers also have additional design complexity, since each transceiver is associated with specialized clock resources in the FPGA. These clock resources typically include phase-locked loops for ... Model-Based Design for Embedded Systems Reconfigured region ICAP interface Control interface bus macros Memory interface bus macros Utilized powerPC core Static region FIGURE 12.12 Placed and routed design ... are created by merging the design constraints from the static design with any additional design constraints specific to the reconfigurable module, such as pin loca- tion constraints. During this

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 15:20

... decisions con- cerning one layer of abstraction (for instance, concerning the scheduling principle used in a processing element) has an influence on the properties at another level of abstraction ... multiprocessor scheduling using model- checking. In Software Technologies for Embedded and Ubiquitous Systems, Santorini Island, Greece, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pp. 263–272. Springer, Berlin, ... of choices in 121 Nicolescu/Model-Based Design for Embedded Systems 67842 _C0 05 Finals Page 122 2009-10-13 122 Model-Based Design for Embedded Systems the mapping of an application to a platform

Ngày tải lên: 03/07/2014, 17:20

... a collectionofcommunicating sequential tasks. Each task is characterized by four timing properties, described later. The dependencies between tasks are captured by an acyclic directed graph (called ... synchronizer,anallocator,andascheduler. The controller receives ready or Nicolescu/Model-Based Design for Embedded Systems 67842 _C0 05 Finals Page 128 2009-10-13 128 Model-Based Design for Embedded Systems TABLE 5.3 Characterization ... more complicated intercommunication structures, such as meshes or torus Nicolescu/Model-Based Design for Embedded Systems 67842 _C0 05 Finals Page 129 2009-10-13 Modeling and Analysis Framework for

Ngày tải lên: 03/07/2014, 17:20

... Cervin. A Matlab toolbox for real-time and control systems co -design. In Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Real-Time Computing Systems and Applications, Hong Kong, P.R. China, ... viewed as design parameters. By increasing or decreasing them, Nicolescu/Model-Based Design for Embedded Systems 67842 _C0 06 Finals Page 172 2009-10-1 172 Model-Based Design for Embedded Systems ... L. Pallottino. A component-based approach to localization and collision avoidance for mobile multi-agent systems. In Proceedings of the European Control Conference (ECC), Kos, Greece, 2007. 3.

Ngày tải lên: 03/07/2014, 17:20

... Mapped Platform (architectural space) Platform (architectural space) Function space Platform mapping Platform design- space export Function instance Platform instance Function instance FIGURE 10.1 ... instance System platform (HW and SW) Platform design- space export Platform mapping Architectural space Application space Platform instance Mapped Function space Platform instance Mapped Platform ... abstractions, and the dynamics of the supply chain, i.e., a novel science and engineering for system design. Developing this science and engineering is necessary to define a sound approach to

Ngày tải lên: 03/07/2014, 17:20

... Programming Embedded Systems in C and C+ + - 44 - you should see is the C source code for main, with a cursor indicating that the embedded processor's instruction pointer is at the entry point ... startup code for C/ C++ programs. Most cross-compilers for embedded systems include an assembly language file called startup.asm, crt0.s (short for C runtime), or something similar. The location ... long nCycles = nMilliseconds * CYCLES_PER_MS; while (nCycles ); } /* delay() */ The hardware-specific constant CYCLES_PER_MS represents the number of decrement-and-test cycles (nCycles...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 13:20

... performance specifications. Performance specifications guide the design process and provide the means for determining when a controller design is satisfactory. Controller performance specifications ... driver. In years past, mechanical or electrical hardware components performed most control functions in technological systems. When hardware solutions were insufficient, continuous human participation ... structures; perform a tuning procedure on a PID controller operating in conjunction with a plant; and adapt a PID controller to perform well with a plant in which actuator saturation occurs in...

Ngày tải lên: 19/03/2014, 14:09

... Architecture Allocation, binding, scheduling Performance analysis Design space exploration FIGURE 1.1 Performance analysis in the design space exploration cycle. design objectives. In such a design space exploration, ... following challenges: validating and testing traditional for- mal models used for blending the continuous and discrete worlds, defining semantics for combining models specific to different domains, ... Sweden xix Nicolescu/Model-Based Design for Embedded Systems 67842 _C0 00 Finals Page i 2009-10-13 Model-Based Design for Embedded Systems Nicolescu/Model-Based Design for Embedded Systems 67842 _C0 01 Finals...

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 15:20

... run the risk of wasting it all with a change in microcontroller. Changing processors in a design programmed in C can incur as little extra effort as changing a header file in your software modules. The ... an interrupt-based solution is the protocol for communication between the interrupts and main-line code. Since interrupts and main line are as independent as possible (an interrupt may occur ... to C necessary for targeting an embedded environment, and the common components of a successful development project. C is the language of choice for programming larger microcontrollers (MCU),...

Ngày tải lên: 22/12/2013, 02:17

... choices should favour emulators that can perform source-level debugging, matching the currently-executing machine code with the original C. For a thermostat, speed of emulation is not a critical ... contributing only a small increase in on - chip resources. Results 2.3.1— Software Architecture The language for programming the thermostat device will be C. The main architectural dilemma involves ... machine will always step through program code: no more than one interrupt handler will execute between each main program instruction. On most machines, the CPU will check for interrupts before...

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 09:20