... molecular basis of enzyme thermosta-bility. J Bacteriol 185, 4038–4049.20 Nanba H, Yajima K, Takano M, Yamada Y, IkenakaY & Takahashi S (1997) Process for producing d-N-car-bamoyl -a- amino acid. ... molecular masswas also estimated by SDS–PAGE.Characterization and comparative analyses of HYDJs and HYDBpThe optimal temperature for activity of HYDJswith d-p-HPH as substrate was determined ... Metab Dispos 2,103–112.11 Moller A, Syldatk C, Schulze M & Wagner F (1988)Stereo- and substrate-specificity ofa d-hydantoinase and a d-N-carbamyl amino acid amidohydrolase of Arthrobacter...
... semipreparative column was from Agilent Tech-nologies (Santa Clara, CA, USA), and trifluoroacetic acid and acetonitrile used for HPLC were from Merck (Darms-tadt, Germany). Trypsin and tosyl phenylalanyl ... 2008)doi:10.1111/j.1742-4658.2008.06352.xCone snails, a group of gastropod animals that inhabit tropical seas, arecapable of producing a mixture of peptide neurotoxins, namely conotoxins,for defense and predation. Conotoxins are mainly ... of conotoxins and their analogs [24–27].Most NOESY crosspeaks were assigned and inte-grated, with concomitant cycles of structure calcula-tions for evaluation of distance and angle constraintviolations...
... 5Â-CTTTATTTTCAGGGCGCCATGAAGCGCGCAAGACCGTCTGAA-3Â anda reverse oligomer 5Â-AGCTCGAATTCG GATCCGGTACCTCAGAAGGTAGACAGCAGAACC-3Â. For derivitization with TMR, a Gly-Gly-Cyssequence was introduced at the C-terminus ... addition to an N-terminal Nco1 cloning site.The forward o ligomer 5 Â-TCCGAAACCAGCG GCCGCTTTATCGCGTTA AAAC CGGT GATCAA ACCCC -3Â and thereverse oligomer 5Â-GTAGGCCTT TGAATTCCTCAAAAAGTGCGGCTCGAT-3Â ... oligomers5Â-CTGCTGTCTACCTTTGGAGGTTGCTGATCCGAATTCGAG-3Â (forward) and 5Â-GCTCGAATTCGGATCAGCAACCTCCAAAGGTAGACAGCA-3Â (reverse). BL21cells were transformed with the pETM11 construct and grown until a D of 0.8...
... Salmon testesDNA and some analytical grade chemicals such as EDTA,Tris ⁄ HCl, CaCl2, NaCl and mineral oil were obtained fromSigma (St Louis, MO, USA). Salmon testes DNA for theenzyme activity ... folding pathway: structure-based analysis of staphylococcal nuclease. Proteins: Structure, Function and Genetics 27, 171–183.15 Flanagan JM, Kataoka M, Fujisawa T & EngelmanDM (1993) Mutations ... Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC3 Department of Biochemistry, University of Minnesota College of Biological Sciences, St Paul, MN, USAStaphylococcal nuclease (SNase) is a...
... ATCCTCACGAACAAGCAG5RACR GATCGCGATGCAGGCCTTFLF1 GGACGACTACAGCGTCTTCAGTAGAFLR1 TCCAAACAGTCAGTTTCTTAACCGTTable 1. Purification of cellulase from abalone Haliotis discus hannai. Oneunitofcellulasewasdefinedastheamountofenzymethatliberatesreducing ... The translational start codon ATG, termination codon TAA, anda putative polyadenylation signal AATAAA are boxed. A putative signal peptide is indicated by a dotted underline. The amino-acid sequences ... RTARAAYTGNCCNGCRTCYTGLP6 WAVEQMNYILGDNK R2 CATYTGYTCNACNGCCCAYTTLP7 AWAWALGWDDKLP8 GYHENALP9 WPLDYFLF2 GCCACACTTCTGTCAACATCC3RAC TTCTTCAAGGGCTGGCTCCCT3AP CTGATCTAGAGGTACCGGATCC5RACF ATCCTCACGAACAAGCAG5RACR...
... Chicester.32. Muăhlradt, P.F. & Frisch, M. (1994) Purification and partial bio-chemical characterization ofa Mycoplasma fermentans-derivedsubstance that activates macrophages to release nitric oxide,tumor ... confersinterspecies variation ofa major surface lipoprotein and a macrophage-activating lipopeptide of Mycoplasma fermentans.Infect. Immunol. 67, 760–771.34. Takeuchi, O., Kaufmann, A. , Grote, K., Kawai, T., ... mechanicaldisturbance leading to a conformational change of theprotein and, with that, signal transduction.Recently, Ben-Menachem3et al. [45] presented a physico-chemical characterization of...
... isolation and charac-terization of amphipathic a- helical peptides from the venom of Opistophtalmus carinatus, a scorpion living in southernAfrica, and we have made a comparative analysis of the ... synthesizedchemically and preliminary studies on antibacterial activityshowed that the quality and biological activity of native and synthesized toxins were identical. Due to a shortage of native material, all ... [20],parabutoporin and opistoporin 1 were tested on Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria and their activity wascompared with the activity of melittin and mastoparan(Table 1).Parabutoporin...
... ofa federation of 11 states in Peninsular Malaysia and the states of Sabah and Sarawak in the north of Kalimantan. Kuala Lumpur, the national capital, Labuan UNEP/SCS – National Report Malaysia ... part of South-East Asia and occupies a total land area of 330,434 square kilometres. The land mass comprises three main components: Peninsular Malaysia and the two states of Sabah and Sarawak, ... waters. As coastal aquaculture systems are located mainly in sheltered coastal waters of the Straits of Malacca, these agricultural wastes, carrying bacteria and heavy metals, can be a health...
... L, Hamid Q & Elias JA (2004) Acidicmammalian chitinase in asthmatic Th2 inflammation and IL-13 pathway activation. Science 304, 1678–1682.4 Kasprzewska A (2003) Plant chitinases ) regulation ... increase of antifungal function.Biosci Biotech Biochem 66, 1084–1092.35 Kawase T, Yokokawa S, Saito A, Fujii T, Nikaidou N,Miyashita K & Watanabe T (2006) Comparison of enzymatic and antifungal ... equal amounts of (GlcNAc)3 and (GlcNAc)2;the 80 : 20 anomeric ratio of the products indicatesthat cleavage after sugar 2 or sugar 3 occurs approxi-mately equally often.StructureThe overall...
... The remaining 495 amino acids areconsidered to constitute the lac1 mature protein giving a calculated molecular mass of 53 212 Da. Two putativepolyadenylation signals (TATAAA and CATAAA) wereidentied ... cycles of 94 °Cfor20s,52°Cfor20s and 70 °C for 2 min; then a final extension at 72 °Cfor 10 min. The primers for lac1 PLAC1F(5Â-AGCTTTCATTCCCAGTGATTG-3Â)andPLAC1R(5Â-AACGAGCTCAAGTACAAATGACT-3Â) ... Stimulation of laccase production byFig. 6. Transcription analysis of lac1 by RT-PCR (A) and total laccaseactivity (B) during various stages of V. volvacea fruitbody development.mRNA was extracted...
... 5Â-CTAGACTCGAGCCTAATTTATATTTGCTCCTTGTGC-3Â. b-Actin primers weredesigned as follows: forward 5Â-CTACAATGAGCTGCGTGT-3Â and reverse 5Â-AAGGAAGGCTGGAAGAGT-3 ¢.Cell survival and apoptosis analysisFor viability ... contain a KHdomain. RNA analysis and blast analysis indicatedthat homologs and orthologs of VBARP exist, indica-ting the presence of VBARP in diverse phyla such asplants, yeast, and eukaryotes. ... (predictprotein:http://www.cubic.bioc.columbia.edu/predictprotein).RNA extraction and quantitative real-timeRT-PCRTotal RNA was extracted from human tissues and humanprimary cells using Qiagen RNA purification kit (Qiagen,Valencia, CA) and used in real-time...
... of the ORF and contained a SalIsite(5Â-CTACGTCGACGATGGCGAACATCTGGCCACGAATC-3Â); the reverse primer corres-ponded to the 3Â-end of the ORF and contained an XbaIsite(5Â-AGGCTCTAGATTTATGAGAAATTGGCTTTCTGGAC-3Â).Expression ... post-treatment. The poly (A) -RNA was extracted from thelarvae, and 300 ng mRNA of each sample was loaded on a gel. ActinmRNA served as an internal marker to equate mRNA quantities.Fig. 9. Alignment ... DIG Labelling Mix (Roche). Toprepare a DmEH probe, primers (5Â-ATGGCGAACATCTGGCCACGAATC-3Â and 5Â-TTATGAGAAATTGGCTTTCTGGAC-3Â) were used, and to prepare Actin5C probe as an internal marker,...
... switch point between agonist and antagonist structures [21–23].By molecular mechanics calculations the conformers of Ac-HGly-NHMe, Ac-b2-HAla-NHMe and Ac-b3-HAla-NHMe have been generated and ... acid-substituted SP analogues [HGly9]SP,[b2-HAla9]SP and [b3-HAla9]SP may adopt conforma-tions around residue 9 that are analogous to thoseadopted by a- amino acids (Gly, Ala, Sar, Pro). To explainthe ... varying /, wangles in intervals of 10° and setting h angle to ) 60 ± 10° and 60 ± 10°.Each/, h,andw-value was fixed by applying a harmonic potential and the structures were minimized(adiabatic...