defect in zinc oxide nanostructures synthesized by a hydrothermal method

... 2p3/2 against the hole concentration as measured using Hall effect The as-measured as well as the C 1s and O 1s calibrated peak values are shown A line is fitted to show the increasing binding ... states and the final ZnO product When compared in terms of energy, material and processing, aqueous chemical growth methods have clear advantages over gas phase methods Gas phase methods generally ... growing the same quality of ZnO as gas phase methods Together with the advantage of being able to minimize energy and material wastages, solution phase methods are indeed a promising growth method...

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 08:26

... simplest model; it included a glass substrate and a single film on the surface By regularly increasing complexity, we have constructed more complicated model, for instant, increasing the amount of possible ... i-th data point N is the number of data points Mesi is the i-th experimental data point Thi is the i-th calculated data point from assumed theoretical model MSE is different in each model A smaller ... spectra a b Fig Measured data (dark curve) and simulated data (light curve) of ZnO sample in model for Is (a) and Ic (b) In this case, it was hard to accept this model 3.2 Comparison of theoretical...

Ngày tải lên: 28/03/2014, 13:20

... membranes (AAM) as a mask to pattern Au catalyst on GaN substrate.72 In this work, a 500 nm thick AAM was carefully attached to a GaN substrate After evaporation of Au, hexagonal catalyst dot array functioned ... as the gate oxide and gate electrode, as depicted in the inset of Fig 5a Using AAM to fabricate metallic and semiconducting nanowire/nanotube array has been widely investigated It was shown above ... nanopores via electrodeposition, forming zinc nanowires array, then the nanowire array was oxidized at 300 °C for hours and ZnO nanowire array was obtained In a sol-gel synthesis method, 86 AAM was also...

Ngày tải lên: 28/04/2014, 15:06

... with a heating rate and flow rate of 10 ◦ C min−1 and 100 mL min−1 , respectively Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis was carried out by a Rigaku D/Max-2550/pc diffractometer using Cu-K␣ radiation ... adsorbed oxygen, including hydroxyl and carbonate groups adsorbed on the material surface.[25–28] The integrated intensity of peak OA can be compared with that of peak OB using the OA to OB integrated ... Results and discussion To investigate the appropriate calcinations temperature for the transformation of the precursor to ZnO, the thermal analysis in air atmosphere was conducted Typical TGA/DTA plots...

Ngày tải lên: 06/05/2014, 13:26

... BA, Zehra B, Nadem U Preparation of nano zinc oxide and its application in leather as a retaining and antibacterial agent Canadian Journal on Scientific and Industrial Research 2011;4:164–70 [2] ... ferromagnetic nanaograined ZnO films Thin Solid Films 2011;520:1192–4 [14] Straumal BB, Myatiev AA, Straumal PB, Mazilkin AA, Protasova SG, Schütz G, et al Grain boundary layers in nanocrystalline ... ZnO nanograined films Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology 2013;4:361–9 [13] Straumal BB, Mazilkin AA, Protasova SG, Myatiev AA, Straumal PB, Goering E, et al Amorphous grain boundary layers in the...

Ngày tải lên: 06/05/2014, 13:26

... 99:043508-043514 41 Rekha K, Nirmala M, Nair M, Anukaliani A: Structural, optical, photocatalytic and antibacterial activity of zinc oxide and manganese doped zinc oxide nanoparticles Physica B 2010, 405:3180-3185 ... hierarchical microspheres [HMSs] are prepared by hydrothermal method only using zinc acetate and manganese acetate as precursors and ethylene glycol as solvent X-ray diffraction indicates that all ... form in materials through spatial arrangement of their fundamental building blocks The forces that controlled the assembly are determined by competing noncovalent intramolecular or intraparticulate...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 20:20

... concentration profiles of W and O along the line drawn across the diameter of a typical tungsten oxide nanowire synthesized by a catalyst-free thermal evaporation method Cu and C in the inset table are ... furnace temperature was increased to 1,050°C at a heating rate of 30°C/min After being maintained at 1,050°C for h, the furnace was cooled to room temperature, and the products were removed During ... shown in Figure An alumina boat with a length of cm and a diameter of 1.5 cm containing a mixture of WO3 and graphite powders (1:1) were placed at the center of the quartz Page of tube, and five...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 02:20

... 99:043508-043514 41 Rekha K, Nirmala M, Nair M, Anukaliani A: Structural, optical, photocatalytic and antibacterial activity of zinc oxide and manganese doped zinc oxide nanoparticles Physica B 2010, 405:3180-3185 ... hierarchical microspheres [HMSs] are prepared by hydrothermal method only using zinc acetate and manganese acetate as precursors and ethylene glycol as solvent X-ray diffraction indicates that all ... form in materials through spatial arrangement of their fundamental building blocks The forces that controlled the assembly are determined by competing noncovalent intramolecular or intraparticulate...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 17:20

... Experimental Section Chemical Reagents Tellurium powder was purchased from Shanghai Chemical Reagents Factory, China NaBH4 was commercially available from Guangming Reagent Company, China Ferric chloride ... nanocrystal in the final multifunctional particles The optical property of the prepared nanoparticles was investigated by PL spectra Line a in Fig indicated the final multifunctional nanoparticles ... Á 6H2O) and Ferrous chloride (FeCl2 Á 4H2O) were purchased from Tianjin Shuangchuan Chemical Reagent Factory, China TEOS was purchased from Tianjin Chemical Reagent Company, China 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane...

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 00:20

... fabrication.51-54 In K D Bhatte et al, formation of nanocrystalline ZnO was carried out using microwave irradiation and by using 1,3propanediol as a solvent and zinc acetate as a precursor The mixture is transferred ... Qi A K Srivastava, Praveen, M Arora, S K Gupta, B R Chakraborty, S Chandra, S Toyoda, and H Bahadur, J Mater Sci and Technol 26, 986 (2010) 77 A K Srivastava, B R Chakraborty, and S Chandra, ... with nanorods in a 3D array overrode its nanowire and nanorod counterparts in conversion efficiency in DSSC The reason behind was the increased surface area in branched 3D array which increased...

Ngày tải lên: 02/10/2015, 17:14

... Exp-4: Comparison of Yasuda’s method and other automatic methods In the same way as for the evaluation of Kazawa’s method in Exp-2, we evaluated Yasuda’s method by Precision Two arbitrary summaries ... (Table 3) with that of Kazawa’s method (in Tables and 2) Yasuda’s method could accurately estimate manual scores In particular, the Gap values of 0.023 by ROUGE-2 and by ROUGE-3 are smaller than ... investigated an automatic method that uses several evaluation results from a manual method based on Kazawa’s and Yasuda’s methods From the experimental results based on Kazawa’s method, we found that...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 04:20

... nanorods to WS2 nanotubes An alumina crucible containing WO3 nanorods was placed in a tubular furnace and heated up to 840 ◦ C in Ar gas flow, then switched to H2 S gas for 30 at 840 ◦ C to allow ... oxide nanorods to tungsten sulphide nanotubes and finally cooled to room temperature in the presence of Ar A heating rate of ◦ C min−1 was maintained during the heating/cooling process 2.3 Characterisation ... not intercalated into the WO3 nanorods This also helps us in availing this material as a precursor for WS2 –NT synthesis Synthesis of WO3 nanorods was also carried out using hydrochloric acid instead...

Ngày tải lên: 19/03/2014, 16:48

... through a hydrothermal method using Span80 or L113B as a soft template [17] Wan et al have proposed a soft-template-assisted hydrothermal route to prepare single crystal nanorods with an average diameter ... non-immunogenic, non-antigenic, and protein-resistant polymer reagent with long polymer chains [31], which was used here as a coordination and linking reactant, a stabilizer, and a structure-directing agent ... indicating that the crystals in the sample are close to spherical in shape Fig 2 (a) and (b) shows SEM images of the as-prepared sample at different magnifications Fig 2 (a) is a low-magnification...

Ngày tải lên: 20/03/2014, 13:06

... three alloys (GaAs substrate, In0 .51Ga0.49P and Al0.26Ga0.74As) contained in the sample and used as standards I HAADF (Subl # 1) I HAADF (GaAs) Rexp I HAADF (Subl # 1) I HAADF (In 0.51Ga 0.49P) ... IHAADF of sublayer #2 to those of the three alloys (GaAs substrate, In0 .51Ga0.49P and Al0.26Ga0.74As) contained in the sample and used as standards I HAADF (Subl # 2) I HAADF (GaAs) Rexp I HAADF ... expectation that [In] and [P] decrease by moving away from InGaP, i.e by going deeper into the nominal GaAs QW, while [Ga] and [As] increase The stoichiometry of the sublayers and as determined by...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 05:20

... conformational changes in PNA chains upon doping with later It appears that doping of PNA with HCl enhances the polaron formation which causes a red shift as well as enhancement in the intensity in the ... the nanostructure of PNA The aggregation of nanoparticles can be prevented by avoiding the use of highly acidic dopants such as HCl as well as by using alcohol as a medium for polymerization ... (2004) W.S Huang, B.D Humphrey, A. G MacDiarmid, J Chem Soc Faraday Trans 82, 2385 (1986) D.K Moon, K Osakada, T Maruyama, K Kubota, T Yamamoto, Macromol 26, 6992 (1993) K .A Shaffie, J Appl Polym...

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 06:20

... conformational changes in PNA chains upon doping with later It appears that doping of PNA with HCl enhances the polaron formation which causes a red shift as well as enhancement in the intensity in the ... the nanostructure of PNA The aggregation of nanoparticles can be prevented by avoiding the use of highly acidic dopants such as HCl as well as by using alcohol as a medium for polymerization ... (2004) W.S Huang, B.D Humphrey, A. G MacDiarmid, J Chem Soc Faraday Trans 82, 2385 (1986) D.K Moon, K Osakada, T Maruyama, K Kubota, T Yamamoto, Macromol 26, 6992 (1993) K .A Shaffie, J Appl Polym...

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 19:20

... proteins and dual role of PCNA in mismatch repair Nucleic Acids Research 1998, 26:1173-1178 Yamasaki Y, Matsushima M, Tanaka H, Tajiri S, Fukuda R, Ozawa H, Takagi A, Hirabayashi K, Sadahiro S: Patient ... not a practical way to screen large populations In contrast, an immunoassay such as ours could be advanced to an automated diagnostic platform that is inexpensive, rapid and widely available ... advantages over assays based on genetic tests Genetic tests such as DNA sequencing and microsatellite analysis are accurate, but are more expensive, take longer to do, and are mainly available at...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 10:21

... interfacial failure mechanism, a tri-linear traction separation law is derived capable of approximating triangular, exponential and trapezoidal laws Most importantly, it can model the hardening effect ... structural adhesives are normally applied in a continual manner In this way, low allowable shear stress can be compensated by large area With proper treatment at bond edge, high stress Chapter Introduction ... of various numerical parameters on modelling steel-concrete interface After comparison of the characteristics of adhesive joints and mechanical joints, a versatile tri-linear traction-separation...

Ngày tải lên: 08/09/2015, 17:47

... ECD, a trial on obtaining epitaxial ZnO tubular-structures was performed by ALD using single crystalline GaN nanodots as templates finally GaN-ZnO core-shell nanostructures were achieved with nearly ... The reaction takes to 10 hours normally In a sol-gel synthesis method4 7, AAO (anodic aluminum oxide) was used as the template and immersed into a suspension containing zinc acetate for minute, ... of AAO template, ordered and vertically aligned polycrystalline ZnO nanotube arrays were successfully deposited by ALD An alternative approach to obtain single crystal ZnO nanotubes was carried...

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 08:50

... production, indicating that TS activated a LPS-stimulated signal pathway (Fig 4) PKC is a key kinase in the LPSstimulated signal pathway [30,31] The findings that PKC inhibitors, not PKA inhibitors, inhibited ... the antioxidants BHA and AsA These results suggested that active oxygens and free radicals did not participate in the TS effect, and that the inhibitory effect of a- T was mediated by a nonantioxidative ... of a- tocopherol in smooth muscle cells J Nutr 131, 378S– 381S Badamchian, M., Spangelo, B.L., Bao, Y., Hagiwara, Y., Hagiwara, H., Ueyama, H & Goldstein, A. L (1994) Isolation of a vitamin E analog...

Ngày tải lên: 22/02/2014, 04:20