debt for development exchanges countering climate change

... these bad loans sprang debt equity exchanges, which quickly begat debt- for- nature exchanges, and then debt- for- education exchanges, and most recently, debt- for- health exchanges And today, when ... in debt equity exchanges and debt- for- nature exchanges III Debt Equity Exchanges Debt equity agreements involve the sale of external debt by an investor to the debtor government in return for ... This page intentionally left blank Debt- for- Development Exchanges Debt- for- development exchanges are an important financing tool for development They make debt relief more politically and practically...

Ngày tải lên: 03/11/2014, 18:36

... form For instance, let's look at the division of one frequency domain signal by another In polar form, the division of frequency domain signals is achieved by the inverse operations we used for ... domain waveform being uncorrelated from sample-to-sample That is, knowing the noise value present on any one sample provides no information on the noise value present on any other sample For example, ... around this, we change the signal in two ways, both of which distort the true frequency spectrum First, we truncate the information in the signal, by multiplying it by a window For example, a...

Ngày tải lên: 13/09/2012, 09:49

... information into a waveform for transmission over a communication channel, which may introduce various forms of distortion as well as noise, and mapping the received waveform into digital information ... The simplest form of such communication, as least conceptually, is Pulse Amplitude Modulation (PAM), shown in Figure 1.1 Here the transmitted waveform is of the form where the information to ... input information into blocks of N complex numbers, one for each sub-channel An inverse FFT is performed on each block, and the resultant transmitted serially.At the receiver, the information...

Ngày tải lên: 02/03/2013, 16:58

... only E.g.: Vietnamese: ‘quên, quên lãng, quên bẵng, quên béng, khó quên English: forget, forgetful, forgetfulness, unforgettable • Next, Vietnamese has the following tonal alternations (or tonal ... tries to analyze many forms of allomorphy For example, the word dogs is easily broken into the root dog and the plural morpheme -s The same analysis is straightforward for oxen, assuming the ... know much about morpheme, their meaning and formation E.g.: unforgettable = ‘un’ + ‘forget’ +’able’ You may think: un: cant, impossible (negative meaning) Forget: to cease or fail to remember Able:...

Ngày tải lên: 08/04/2013, 09:31

... industrial man-year for a senior engineer The estimated costs for contractor effort for different supported man-year costs can be calculated The estimates given are for demonstrators, not for production ... exploratory development) before advanced development could begin In fact, the study estimated that development on only four could be started in the next 10 years, and two would require deferral of development ... the base for growth within the existing employment area or for selling personal ability and knowledge outside the area in short, a ladder for growth and personal development 35 FOCUS FOR AI AND...

Ngày tải lên: 13/12/2013, 01:15

... Scaling function Filter mask for scaling function Filter mask for wavelet System function to ẳ System function to ẵ Transforms ắ ỉ Fourier transform of : Wavelet transform of with respect to : ... resolution of the wavelet transform and compare it to the common shorttime Fourier transform The multiscale property of the dyadic wavelet transform forms the basis for our further research on multimedia ... lters 134 7.6 Results of the performance evaluation for a 7.7 Results of the performance evaluation for a ẵẳ Mbit/s LAN connection 139 kbit/s ISDN line ...

Ngày tải lên: 25/12/2013, 05:17

... between change in resistance and change in length is given by the gauge factor, G, defined by R= G = R/R L/L and since the strain is defined as the fractional change in length of an object, by the formula ... quadrants would therefore correspond to power generated This is not possible for a passive load such as a light bulb; however, there are electronic devices that can operate, for example, in three ... wide range of values for several power ratings (as will be explained shortly) Another common construction technique for resistors employs metal film A common power rating for resistors used in...

Ngày tải lên: 19/01/2014, 19:20

... physical explanation for the excess (or missing) energy not accounted for in the voltages around a circuit Kirchhoff’s voltage law may be stated in a form similar to that used for KCL: Gustav Robert ... effect, a self-contained 12-VDC electric power system, providing the energy for all of the aforementioned functions In order for the battery to have a useful lifetime, a charging system, composed ... FOUNDATION FOR THE DESIGN OF MECHATRONIC SYSTEMS Many of today’s machines and processes, ranging from chemical plants to automobiles, require some form of electronic or computer control for proper...

Ngày tải lên: 19/01/2014, 19:20

... Scaling function Filter mask for scaling function Filter mask for wavelet System function to ẳ System function to ẵ Transforms ắ ỉ Fourier transform of : Wavelet transform of with respect to : ... resolution of the wavelet transform and compare it to the common shorttime Fourier transform The multiscale property of the dyadic wavelet transform forms the basis for our further research on multimedia ... lters 134 7.6 Results of the performance evaluation for a 7.7 Results of the performance evaluation for a ẵẳ Mbit/s LAN connection 139 kbit/s ISDN line ...

Ngày tải lên: 19/01/2014, 19:20

... between change in resistance and change in length is given by the gauge factor, G, defined by R= G = R/R L/L and since the strain is defined as the fractional change in length of an object, by the formula ... quadrants would therefore correspond to power generated This is not possible for a passive load such as a light bulb; however, there are electronic devices that can operate, for example, in three ... wide range of values for several power ratings (as will be explained shortly) Another common construction technique for resistors employs metal film A common power rating for resistors used in...

Ngày tải lên: 19/01/2014, 20:20

... physical explanation for the excess (or missing) energy not accounted for in the voltages around a circuit Kirchhoff’s voltage law may be stated in a form similar to that used for KCL: Gustav Robert ... effect, a self-contained 12-VDC electric power system, providing the energy for all of the aforementioned functions In order for the battery to have a useful lifetime, a charging system, composed ... FOUNDATION FOR THE DESIGN OF MECHATRONIC SYSTEMS Many of today’s machines and processes, ranging from chemical plants to automobiles, require some form of electronic or computer control for proper...

Ngày tải lên: 19/01/2014, 20:20

... availability of massive numbers of DNA sequences, recent developments in MS, and bioinformatics tools that link DNA and protein sequences to information generated by different types of mass spectrometers ... fluorophosphonates for monitoring serine hydrolases [73], and biotinylated a-bromobenzylphosphonates for detecting protein tyrosine phosphatases [74] ATP, ADP and AMP are important sensors for the energy ... first reports using this strategy were selective for cysteinyl peptides, allowed quantification (differential analysis), and used biotin tagging for consecutive capture by immobilized avidin [23]...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 16:20

... each; the entry for Ol now reads: for O5: O1 → (O5,1) O5 → (O1,1) Scan P1 list; Ol, O8 co-occur; open cell for O8 under Ol, for Ol under O8; note co-occurrence in each; the entry for Ol, with the ... (O8,l) for O8, with the new cell added: O8 → (Ol,l) → (05,1) Scan P2 list; Ol, O5 co-occur; add to the co-occurrences totals for O5 under Ol, for Ol under O5; the entry for Ol now reads: for O5: ... list; O3, O4 co-occur; open cell for O4 under O3, for O3 under O4; note co-occurrence in each; the entry for O3 now reads: for O4: O3 → (O4,l) O4- → (O3,1) When this information has been collected...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 19:20

... “鈿鉀鍾” for “鋰”, “裸袖嘿” for “裡”, “湮湩渭＂ for “浬”, “狎猥狠狙” for “狸” , and “黑墨＂ for “里” We employed similar techniques to recommend characters for In-lists and Out-lists The database that contains information ... disappointed in the falling of the performance in CCRT of the lower class, though the change was not significant The An Open Authoring Tool for the Games Our game platform has attracted the attention ... 2.1, a player could choose the class level before the game begins Hence, for example, it is possible for a lower class player to play the games designed for middle or even upper class levels to increase...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 19:20

... English grammar, a predictive left-to-right Early-style parser for LTAG (Schabes, 1990) and an X-windows interface for grammar development (Paroubek et al., 1992) Figure shows a flowchart of ... attachments and performs term unification thus generating all the derivation trees The "stapler" uses both the elementary tree assignment information and the dependency information present in ... natural means for generalization during the EBL proce88 O v e r v i e w of our approach to using EBL We are pursuing the EBL approach in the context of a wide-coverage grammar development system...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 22:20

... publishes its books in a variety of electronic formats Some content that appears in print may not be available in electronic formats For more information about Wiley products, visit our web site ... Introduction, Phases of Drug Development, Role of Biomarkers in Drug Development, 11 Role of Pharmacokinetic–Pharmacodynamic Modeling in Drug Development, 12 Role of Microdialysis in Drug Development, 15 ... to describe modern drug development, emphasizing the role of microdialysis in preclinical and clinical phases of drug development PHASES OF DRUG DEVELOPMENT Efficient drug development is based on...

Ngày tải lên: 05/03/2014, 22:21

... areas There are two types of transformations: reversible and irreversible For the former, the product phase will revert back to the parent phase For example, transformation from one equilibrium ... agent, etc The formation of stable and/or metastable crystalline phases usually competes with the formation of the amorphous phase For alloys with a negative heat of mixing, the phase formation has ... Pharmacy, University of Umm Al Qura, Saudi Arabia; Prof Robert Forbes, Bradford School of Pharmacy, University of Bradford, UK; Dr Wendy Hulse, Formulation technical specialist 2, Ipsen, UK Dr Amal Ali...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 22:20

... publishes its books in a variety of electronic formats Some content that appears in print may not be available in electronic formats For more information about Wiley products, visit our web site ... and important for the formulation of the products in the pharmaceutical industry Raman spectroscopy has actively been used in this area for some time now and is a recognized tool for use in polymorph ... SPECTROSCOPY FIGURE 1.5 Changes of the polarizability ellipsoid for the vibrations of CO2 molecule The n1 vibration is Raman active because of the change in the polarizability ellipsoid for the two extreme...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 19:20

... change of the fitted distributions (i.e change of the type of the distribution) In other cases the variation of the input conditions may lead only to quantitative changes in the output (i.e changes ... −1 e −(x/λ) k for x ≥0 for x 0, k > Support x ∈ xm; +∞ ) PDF f ( x; xm, k ) = k k xm x k +1 Table Parameters, support and formula for the PDF ... [21] Lilliefors HW On the Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test for Normality with Mean and Var‐ iance Unknown J.Am.Stat.Assoc.: 1967; 62 399-402 [22] Lilliefors HW On the Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test for the Exponential...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 12:20