data structures and algorithms analysis in c pdf

... Library of Congress Cataloging? ?in? ??Publication Data KRUSE, ROBERT L Data structures and program design in C+ + / Robert L Kruse, Alexander J Ryba p cm Includes bibliographical references and index ISBN ... 4.1 Pointers and Linked Structures 113 4.1.1 Introduction and Survey 113 4.1.2 Pointers and Dynamic Memory in C+ + 116 4.1.3 The Basics of Linked Structures 122 2.3 Application: A Desk Calculator ... Data Structures and Program Design in C+ + NAVIGATING THE DISK For information on using the Acrobat toolbar and other Acrobat commands, consult the Help document within Acrobat See especially

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 16:21

... Error_code outcome; Cell * new_cell = new Cell(row, col); int index = living->size( ); outcome = living->insert(index, new_cell); if (outcome == success) outcome = is_living ->insert(new_cell); ... arrays in considerable detail: C. C. GOTLIEB and L. R. GOTLIEB, Data Types and Structures, Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, N.J., 1978. An interesting study of hash functions and the choice of constants ... special kinds of binary tree methods; ¯ Since the entries in binary search trees contain keys, and since they are applied 331 for information... Figure 10.9 Insertions into a binary search

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 16:21

... stacks, and be careful to maintain the principles of information hiding. 4.3 LINKED STACKS WITH SAFEGUARDS Client code can apply the methods of the linked stack that we developed in the last section ... allow clients to write such an expression. 4.3.3 The Copy Constructor One final insecurity that can arise with linked structures occurs when the C+ + compiler calls for a copy of an object. For ... However, in this case, since we are creating a new Stack object, we do not need to remove any existing stack entries. In general, for every linked class, either we should include a copy constructor,

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 16:21

... binary_search_1 and binary_search_2... true that all the other operations (such as incrementing and comparing indices) have gone in lock step with comparison of keys In fact, the frequency of ... > { public: Ordered_list( ); Error_code insert(const Record & ;data) ; Error_code insert(int position, const Record & ;data) ; Error_code replace(int position, const Record & ;data) ; }; ... of n In the context of comparing underlying methods, the differences between binary_search_1 and binary_search_2 become insignificant in comparison with the difference between either binary

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 16:21

... processing is a large subject and one that involves both mathematics and computing science Three books, each of which contains many interesting algorithms, are R E TARJAN, Data Structures ... struc- tures. Cities and the highways connecting them form a graph, as do the compo- applications nents on a circuit board with the connections among them. An organic chemical compound can be considered ... direction of the edges and the resulting undirected graph is connected, we call the directed graph weakly connected. Figure 12.3 illustrates directed cycles, strongly connected directed graphs, and

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 16:21

... 2. Points The Sortable_list in a Plot stores objects of the class Point. Since these objects repre- sent data points to be plotted, each Point must include two integer data members, row and col, ... constructors. The constructors create either a Point with no useable data, or a Point storing the given row and col parameter values. 518 struct Point { int row; int col; Point( ); Point(int a, int b); ... || q.col > max_col) continue; putpixel(q.col, q.row, 3); // graphics.h library function } cout "Enter a character to clear screen and continue: "<<flush; char wait_for; cin >>

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 16:21

... while (waiting) { cin > command; > command = tolower(command); if (command == ? | command == = | command == + | | | | command == − | command == * | command == / | | | | command == q ) waiting = false; ... so that input characters are echoed to output, and individual unmatched closing brackets are identified in the output file P3 Incorporate C+ + comments and character strings into... comes ... implementing data structures: Use functions to access your data structures, and. .. two indices always increasing This is a good method if the queue can be emptied all at once ¯ A circular

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 16:21

... undirected counterpart. In particular, a recursive call is made for each vertex exactly 831 once, and each edge is traversed exactly once (from its origin). Hence, if ns vertices and ms ... is not dense and is represented using an adjacency list structure. 13.4.3 Directed Acyclic Graphs Directed graphs without directed cycles are encountered in many applications. Such a digraph ... v and letting V 2 contain the rest of the vertices in V This clearly defines a disjoint partitioning of the vertices of V and, more importantly, since we are extracting edges from Q in

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 01:22

... Chapter 12  Lexicographic Search Trees: Tries  Multiway Trees  B-Tree, B*-Tree, B + -Tree  Red-Black Trees (BST and B-Tree)  2-d Tree, k-d Tree 1 Basic Concepts 2 Basic Concepts 3 Trees 4 5 Trees ... B-Tree)  2-d Tree, k-d Tree 1 Basic Concepts 2 Basic Concepts 3 Trees 4 5 Trees and Orchard 6 7 Lexicographic Search Tree 8 Multiway Trees 9 10

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 17:20

... overriding, a scheme called constructor chaining. Namely, a constructor begins its execution by calling a constructor of the superclass. This call can be made explicitly or implicitly. To call ... ways of using inheritance of classes in Java, specialization and extension. Specialization In using specialization we are specializing a general class to particular subclasses. Such subclasses ... instance variables and methods and can then define new more-specific instance variables and methods that deal with special aspects of objects of the new class. 2.2.3 Using Inheritance in Java There

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 01:21

... draw the markings of a typical English ruler. A ruler is broken up into 1-inch intervals, and each interval consists of a set of ticks placed at intervals of 1/2 inch, 1/4 inch, and so on. As ... drawTicks function, defined above, can be visualized using a recursion trace. 192 The trace for drawTicks is more complicated than in the factorial example, however, because each instance makes ... directories, which in turn can contain files and other directories, and so on. The base directories in the file system contain only files, but by using this recursive definition, the operating

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 01:21

... )){([( )])} • Correct: ((( )(( )){([( )])})) • Incorrect: )(( )){([( )])} • Incorrect: ({[])} • Incorrect: (. We leave the precise definition of matching of grouping symbols to Exercise R-5.5. ... principle. A queue would therefore be a logical choice for a data structure to handle transaction processing for such applications. For example, it would be a natural choice for handling calls ... util.LinkedList class In any case, we show a Deque interface in Code Fragment 5.17 and an implementation of this interface in Code Fragment 5.18 Code Fragment 5.17: Interface Deque documented

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 01:21

... breakthroughs come by thinking "nonlinearly." In this chapter, we discuss one of the most important nonlinear data structures in computing—trees. Tree structures are indeed a breakthrough in data ... application using an array list instead of a list. Compare it experimentally to the list-based implementation. Chapter Notes The concept of viewing data structures as collections (and other principles ... host of algorithms much faster than when using linear data structures, such as list. Trees also provide a natural organization for data, and consequently have become ubiquitous structures in file

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 01:21

... are encountered when programming the basic data structures and algorithms covered in the book. Using the Book in Class: Data structures and algorithms textbooks tend to fall into one of two categories: ... the collection of objects, visiting each object in turn. Each action method contains something like a switch statement that defines the details of the action for each subclass in the collection ... speci c to that instance. For example, each instance for C will contain a reference to the shared information about strokes and shapes, and it might also contain the exact location for that instance...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 22:20

... parameter checking than is sound programming practice, since including such checking would obscure rather than il- luminate the text. Some parameter checking and testing for other constraints (e.g., whether ... number of practical issues related to programming, including good coding and documentation style. For an excellent (and entertaining!) introduction to the difficulties involved with writing large ... speci c to that instance. For example, each instance for C will contain a reference to the shared information about strokes and shapes, and it might also contain the exact location for that instance...

Ngày tải lên: 22/04/2014, 13:03

... such as .C, .cpp, .cxx, or .cc. NAVIGATING THE DISK ForinformationonusingtheAcrobattoolbarandotherAcrobatcommands,consult the Help document within Acrobat. See especially the section “Navigating ... program listings and compiled program code. In this way, the reader gains increased confidence in the accuracy of the computer program listings appearing in the text. In fact, with just two exceptions, ... careintheformulationofideas intoalgorithmsandin therefinementofalgorithmsintoconcreteprogramsthat canbe appliedtopractical problems. Theprocessofdataspecificationandabstraction,similarly, comesbefore the selection of data...

Ngày tải lên: 19/03/2014, 14:10

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Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 16:21

... subcategories. Linear collections can be either direct access collections or sequential access collections, whereas nonlinear collections can be either hierarchical or grouped. This section describes each ... GENERICS, AND TIMING CLASS C OLLECTIONS D EFINED A collection is a structured data type that stores data and provides operations for adding data to the collection, removing data from the collection, ... System.Collections data structures. This chapter will introduce the reader to generic programming. Finally, this chapter introduces a custom-built class, the Timing class, which we will use in several...

Ngày tải lên: 22/12/2013, 10:16