crawling indexing and ranking

... Pastra, H Saggion, and Y Wilks 2002 Extracting Relational Facts for Indexing and Retrieval of Crime-Scene Photographhs In A Macintosh, R Ellis, and F Coenen, editors, Applications and Innovations ... and Adj and Qual are adjectives and nominal qualifiers syntactically attached to the head For example, the noun phrase "the left rear bedroom" is represented as premises : left rear bedroom and ... checks whether X and Y occur as arguments in other relations and in that case rules that account for transitive and distributive properties of the semantic relations such as AND- distribution,...

Ngày tải lên: 22/02/2014, 02:20

... work (Chambers and Jurafsky, 2008; Chambers and Jurafsky, 2009; McIntyre and Lapata, 2009; McIntyre and Lapata, 2010), these event chains are identified by running a coreference system and a dependency ... The work of McIntyre and Lapata followed in this same paradigm, (McIntyre and Lapata, 2009; McIntyre and Lapata, 2010), collecting chains of events by looking at entities and the sequence of verbs ... Chambers and Jurafsky, which combined a dependency parser with coreference resolution to collect event script statistics and predict script events (Chambers and Jurafsky, 2008; Chambers and Jurafsky,...

Ngày tải lên: 22/02/2014, 02:20

... p> l and me lg For any ¢i~=(n),neN, sets ~(n), B(n) and G{n) will denote the set of elements that c-command n and lie 4The relevant notion of c.command, is the following: node vt c-commands node ... and even with itself Split antecedents cannot be bound and, finally, it is not possible for an item, ct, to be bound and, at the same time, to corefer; on the other hand, ct can be a binder and, ... antecedents (6 and 7) are introduced that share the component 1; therefore, overlapping reference obtains between and and between and The BT version considered here consistes of Principles A, B and C,...

Ngày tải lên: 22/02/2014, 10:20

... N to V Simple indexing Rich indexing: Simple indexing improved with the extraction of variants of multi-word terms Comp Coor Table 3: Evaluation of Simple vs Rich Indexing Simple indexing: Extraction ... (Krovetz and Croft, 1992; Klavans, 1995) • controlled indexing on multi-word terms must consider the numerous forms of term variations (Dunham, Pacak, and Pratt, 1978; Sparck Jones and Tait, ... retrieved Improvement of Indexing through Variant Extraction For a better understanding of the importance of term expansion, we now compare term indexing with 5Subscripts represent indexing 28 Table...

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 21:20

... extracted from 34 frequency bands and consists of 32 within-band coefficients between loEdge = 250 Hz and hiEdge = 16 kHz (i.e a 1/4-octave resolution) and two out-of-band coefficients ASE vectors ... and indexing, and the specification of a classification scheme of sound classes and tools for specifying hierarchies of sound recognizers Such recognizers may be used automatically to index and ... b ≤ B − 1) and (0 ≤ b ≤ B − 1), where B is the size of vector Raw(l), and b and b are indexes of vector dimensions Raw(l b) and Mean(i b) are the bth coefficients of vectors Raw(l) and Mean(i)...

Ngày tải lên: 27/05/2014, 03:59

... indexing system 162 Index 103 Index and retrieve spoken documents 163 Indexing 61, 125 Indexing and browsing systems 264 Indexing and retrieval process 140 Indexing and retrieval system 125 Indexing ... tools Indexing features 128 Indexing lexicon 266 Indexing of audiovisual data 166 Indexing recognizer 159 Indexing symbols 141 INDEX Indexing term set 138 Indexing term similarities 132 Indexing ... Audio and Beyond: Audio Content Indexing and Retrieval © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd 13, 36 H.-G Kim, N Moreau and T Sikora 272 Audio harmonicity (AH) descriptor 33 Audio indexing 84 Audio-on-demand...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 18:22

... fingerprint MPEG-7 Audio and Beyond: Audio Content Indexing and Retrieval © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd H.-G Kim, N Moreau and T Sikora INTRODUCTION used for comparison and classification depends ... and indexing, and the specification of a classification scheme of sound classes and tools for specifying hierarchies of sound recognizers Such recognizers may be used automatically to index and ... answering machines and telephone enquiries using speech or word recognition Various new and advanced audiovisual applications and services become possible based on audio content analysis and description...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 18:22

... extracted from 34 frequency bands and consists of 32 within-band coefficients between loEdge = 250 Hz and hiEdge = 16 kHz (i.e a 1/4-octave resolution) and two out-of-band coefficients ASE vectors ... both neighbouring bands How such a coefficient should be shared by the two bands is not specified by the standard A possible method is depicted in Figure 2.5 The Bin within-band band power coefficients ... b ≤ B − 1) and (0 ≤ b ≤ B − 1), where B is the size of vector Raw(l), and b and b are indexes of vector dimensions Raw(l b) and Mean(i b) are the bth coefficients of vectors Raw(l) and Mean(i)...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 18:22

... ranked according to MPEG-7 Audio and Beyond: Audio Content Indexing and Retrieval © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd H.-G Kim, N Moreau and T Sikora 60 SOUND CLASSIFICATION AND SIMILARITY the level of ... MPEG-7 standard, several works have made comparative studies using MFCC and MPEG-7-only LLDs in different kinds of audio segmentation and classification applications (Xiong et al., 2003; Kim and Sikora, ... Structure and perception of electroacoustic sound and music, pp 43–53, Elsevier, Amsterdam Lakatos S (2000) “A Common Perceptual Space for Harmonic and Percussive Timbres”, Perception and Psychophysics,...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 18:22

... and kHz, 23 logarithmic bands between kHz and kHz) The 3-D plots and the spectrogram image of subband energy outputs for MFCC and MPEG-7 ASP are shown in Figure 3.8 and Figure 3.9, respectively ... frequency band from 62.5 Hz to kHz Since this spectrum contains octaves, each subband spans a quarter of an octave MFCCs are calculated from 40 subbands (17 linear bands between 62.5 Hz and kHz, ... the MFCC features 3.6 INDEXING AND SIMILARITY The structure of an audio indexing and retrieval system using MPEG-7 ASP descriptors is illustrated in Figure 3.14 The audio indexing module extracts...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 18:22

... considering q t and d t as Boolean variables (with a Boolean weighting scheme) and combining q and d as in Equation (4.12) with addition and multiplication operators representing the logical AND and OR ... component of q and d represents a weight associated to a particular indexing term We will denote by q t and d t the components of description vectors q and d corresponding to a particular indexing ... in-vocabulary and OOV words is an important and wellknown issue in SDR (Srinivasan and Petkovic, 2000) The fact that the indexing vocabulary of a word-based SDR system has to be known beforehand precludes...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 18:23

... Combining Word and Sub-Word Indexing The previous sections have reviewed different SDR approaches based on two distinct indexing levels: words and sub-lexical terms As mentioned above, each indexing ... content indexing and retrieval systems 4.5.1 MPEG-7 Interoperability It is not possible to standardize the ASR process itself, due to the huge variety and complexity of existing ASR technologies, and ... size is significantly increased, making the indexing a little less flexible and requiring more storage and computation capacities (both for model training and decoding) There is a trade-off in the...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 18:23

... alphabet”, in Handbook of Standards and Resources for Spoken Language Systems, D Gibbon, R Moore and R Winski (eds), Mouton de Gruyter, Berlin and New York Wilpon J G., Rabiner L R and Lee C.-H ... (Wikipedia, 2001), and provides a searchable, editable and expandable collection of tunes, melodies and musical themes It uses the QBH system Melodyhound by (Prechelt and Typke, 2001) and provides ... Boykin S., Fish R and Greiff W (2004) “Audio Hot Spotting and Retrieval using Multiple Features”, HLT-NAACL 2004 Workshop on Interdisciplinary Approaches to Speech Indexing and Retrieval, pp...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 18:23

... FINGERPRINTING AND AUDIO SIGNAL QUALITY 6.3.9 Bandwidth Bandwidth describes the upper limit of the signal’s bandwidth for each channel The Bandwidth features are expressed in Hz, and take their ... each frequency band (Kimura et al., 2001), and Haitsma and Kalker propose the use of the energies of 33 bark-scaled bands to obtain a “hash string”, which is the sign of the energy band differences, ... differences, in both the time and in frequency axes (Haitsma and Kalker, 2002) 214 FINGERPRINTING AND AUDIO SIGNAL QUALITY Sukittanon and Atlas claim that spectral estimates and related features are...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 18:23

... stored in a MPEG-7 Audio and Beyond: Audio Content Indexing and Retrieval © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd H.-G Kim, N Moreau and T Sikora 232 APPLICATION Signal Audio and Video Signal Audio Signal ... i and GMM or HMM j represent the same speaker and thus cluster Ci and cluster Cj can be merged Otherwise, i and j represent different speakers The algorithm checks all entries in table Ti and ... (Tritschler and Gopinath, 1999; Zhou and John, 2000) A variable window scheme and some heuristics were applied to the BIC framework while the T statistic was integrated into the BIC (Cheng and Wang,...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 18:23

... and the 1D Rtree may not be efficient to index objects when the road is long and objects density is high 2.2.2 Indexing current and future movement More recent works focus on indexing current and ... moving-object indexing, and recent surveys exist that cover different aspects of these [2, 53, 61] One may distinguish between indexing of the past positions and indexing of the current and near-future ... representation by query language, simulation test bed, indexing techniques, querying techniques and location privacy need to be examined Among them, indexing and querying techniques are the most crucial...

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 17:56

... syntactic context and more on visible inflectional morphology tasks: DiacFull (predicting all diacritics of a given word), which relates to lexeme choice and morphology tagging, and DiacPart (predicting ... tagging tasks, subsuming MorphPart and MorphPOS, and DiacFull is the hardest lexical task, subsuming DiacPart, which in turn subsumes LexChoice However, MorphAll and DiacFull are (in general) orthogonal, ... values of Spellmatch and Isdefault by direct examination of the analysis in question, and no predictive model is needed The fourteen morphological features plus Spellmatch and Isdefault form a...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 09:20

... sentence rankings from the rankings of the discourse segments that form the sentence under consideration We did this by calculating the average ranking, the minimal ranking, and the maximal ranking ... between paragraph-based rankings and human rankings only for one of the 15 texts All other algorithms provided scaled importance rankings Many evaluations of scalable sentence ranking algorithms are ... integer scale ranging from to 7, and Algorithm A gives the same sentence a ranking of “7” on the same scale, Algorithm B gives a ranking of “6”, and Algorithm C gives a ranking of “2” Intuitively,...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 06:20

... entity Additionally, , , and The values for and would be and (these features are derived from The and Lennon, which respectively and dont appear in the capitalization and lexicon) This would ... the most probable candidate for each test data sentence, and then to calculate precision and recall gures Our aim is to come up with strategies for reranking the test data candidates, in such ... number of ranking errors, a ranking error being a case where an incorrect candidate gets a higher value for than a correct candidate This follows because for all , , where we dene to be for , and otherwise...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 08:20

... approaches to journal rankings: rankings based on expert judgment, rankings based on impact factors, and hybrid rankings The different methodologies including their relative advantages and drawbacks are ... citations from the same series or journal REPEC provides rankings for journals and working papers (and combined rankings) and also for single papers and articles Only series or journals with 50 or more ... Important Rankings 7.1 Internal Kiel Institute Journal Ranking The Internal Kiel Institute Journal Ranking is mainly based on: Yolanda K Kodrzycki and Pingkang Yu (2006): New Approaches to Ranking...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 05:22