corpus of speech for synthesis

... A form of synthesis that incorporates the quali- ties of individual voices is concatenative synthesis. In this type of synthesis, units of recorded speech are appended. By using recorded speech, ... segments of speech. Appending larger the units of speech results in smoother, more natural sounding synthesis, but requires many hours of recording, often by a trained professional. The ... specifically to record speech for the creation of a database that will be used in speech synthesis, it can also be used as a digital audio recording tool for speech re- search. For example, the MT...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 09:20

... perform poorly on Twitter (Finin et al., 2010). One of the most fundamental parts of the linguis- tic pipeline is part -of- speech (POS) tagging, a basic form of syntactic analysis which has countless appli- cations ... to test the efficacy of this feature set for part -of- speech tagging given lim- ited training data. We randomly divided the set of 1,827 annotated tweets into a training set of 1,000 (14,542 tokens), ... Journal corpus of the Penn Treebank (PTB; Marcus et al., 1993). Tagging performance degrades on out -of- domain data, and Twitter poses additional challenges due to the conversational nature of the text,...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 04:20

... MINISTER OF FINANCE AND ECONOMIC PLANNING On the authority of H. E. PROF. JOHN EVANS ATTA MILLS PRESIDENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF GHANA REPUBLIC OF GHANA 2011 Financial Year Budget Speech ... construction for letting or sale of residential premises under Section 11(6) of Act 592 was mainly to create affordable accommodation for the middle to low income earners. Unfortunately, the ... had property tax accounting for 15 percent of total revenue, Sekondi-Takoradi 2011 Financial Year Budget Speech 38 Taxation of Professionals and the Informal Sector 123. Madam Speaker,...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 19:20

... importance of UDP-Xyl, there is currently no affordable system for production of large amounts of this nucleotide sugar. Thus, we worked to develop a similar system for in vivo production of UDP-Xyl ... required for the biosynthesis of glycosaminoglycan in mammals and of cell wall polysaccharides in plants. Given the importance of these glycans to some organisms, the development of a system for production ... Jigami Synthesis of UDP-glucuronic acid and UDP-xylose FEBS Journal 273 (2006) 2645–2657 ª 2006 The Authors Journal compilation ª 2006 FEBS 2653 Reconstruction of de novo pathway for synthesis of UDP-glucuronic...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 12:20

... are all zero, as are those of the equality con- straints. We perform this optimization for each instance of (15). These optimizations could easily be per- formed in parallel for greater scalability. 3 ... Association for Computational Linguistics Efficient Optimization of an MDL-Inspired Objective Function for Unsupervised Part -of- Speech Tagging Ashish Vaswani 1 Adam Pauls 2 David Chiang 1 1 Information ... length of the data given the model plus the description length of the model itself. It has been successfully shown that minimizing the model size in a Hidden Markov Model (HMM) for part -of- speech...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 22:20

... C ′ from the new data set which is a mixture of labeled and unlabeled data points. See Figure 4 for details. 3 Part -of- speech tagging Our part -of- speech tagging data set is the standard data ... semi- supervised part -of- speech tagging and present the best published result on the Wall Street Journal data set. 1 Introduction Labeled data for natural language processing tasks such as part -of- speech tagging ... of each cluster. Ideally, CNN returns one point for each cluster, namely the cen- ter of each cluster. However, a sample of labeled data may not include data points that are near the center of...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 22:20

... and Part -of- Speech Tagging Wenbin Jiang † Liang Huang ‡ Qun Liu † Yajuan L ¨ u † † Key Lab. of Intelligent Information Processing ‡ Department of Computer & Information Science Institute of Computing ... po- sition of p. 6 Experiments We reported results from two set of experiments. The first was conducted to test the performance of the perceptron on segmentation on the corpus from SIGHAN Bakeoff 2, ... by attaching each word-POS pair p (of length l) to the tail of each candidate result at the prior position of p (position i −l), and select for position i a N-best list of candidate results from all...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 01:20

... Association for Computational Linguistics Examining the Content Load of Part of Speech Blocks for Information Retrieval Christina Lioma Department of Computing Science University of Glasgow 17 ... membership of the parts of speech within such blocks reflects the content load of the blocks, on the basis that open class parts of speech are more content-bearing than closed class parts of speech. ... resources for information retrieval tasks. Natural language in- formation retrieval. Kluwer Academic Publishers Dordrecht, NL. Bruce Croft and John Lafferty. 2003. Language Mod- eling for Information...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 02:21

... sim- plifying the format of error rule. As a result of experiment, about 63.2% of tagging errors were corrected. Our environment needs further enhance- ments. One is the need of observation ... 125-131. H. Lim, J. Kim, and H. Rim. 1996. "A Korean Transformation-based Part -of- Speech Tagger with Lexical information of mistagged Eo- jeol". Korea-China Joint Symposium on Ori- ... HMM Part -of- Speech Tagger for Korean with wordphrasal Relations". In Proceedings of Recent Advances in Natural Language Pro- cessing. 1019 editor Figure 2: The Structure of Proposed...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 05:21

... each tag consists of a letter code for the general classification (i.e. noun, verb, etc.) of the word, and another for the sub-classification according to the particular con- text. For example, when ... clean and accurately tagged training corpus to be used for the automatic tagging of the remaining cor- pus. The long-term goal is to produce a very large tagged corpus for use in lexicography and other ... Fluidity in Chinese and its Implications for Part -of- speech Tagging OiYeeKwong  Benjamin K. Tsou Language Information Sciences Research Centre City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong {rlolivia,...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 21:20

... four major types of ambiguity: 1. Between the wordforms of the same lexeme, i.e., in the paradigm. For example, , an inflected form of (‘sofa’, mascu- line), can mean (a) ‘the sofa’ (definite, singu- lar, ... a POS-annotated corpus, achieving accuracy of 97.98%, which is a significant improve- ment over the state -of- the-art for Bulgarian. 1 Introduction Part -of- speech (POS) tagging is the task of as- signing ... larger inventory of POS tags, e.g., the Penn Treebank (Marcus et al., 1993) uses 48 tags: 36 for part- of- speech, and 12 for punctuation and currency symbols. This increase in the number of tags is...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 21:20

... Association for Computational Linguistics. Alexander Clark. 2003. Combining distributional and morphological information for part of speech induc- tion. In Proceedings of the tenth Annual Meeting of the European ... probability of sitting alone. These fractional counts are then carried forward for subsequent customers. This approximation is tight for small n, and there- fore it should be effective in the case of ... its base distribition a uniform distribution over the set of tags, while the priors for B j and T ij back off by discarding an item of context. This allows the modelling of trigram tag sequences,...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 00:20

... the lack of morphology that often provides important clues for POS tagging, and the POS tags contain much syntactic information, which need context information within a large window for disambiguation. ... be figures of speech contradicting the principle of compositionality. As a result, it is very hard to recognize out -of- vocabulary idioms for word seg- mentation. However, the lexicon of idioms ... f-score per- formance on both segmentation and the whole task, resulting in error reductions of 14.1% and 5.5% re- spectively. 1392 Proceedings of the 49th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 00:20

... model. 3 Our model is defined on a very large set of variables, each of which can take a large set of values. For example, for a test set of size about 4,000 words for Slovene an additional about 9,000 words ... top lemmas for word w i given tag t. An assignment of a tag-set and lemmas to a word w i consists of a choice of a tag-set, ts i (one of the possible k tag-sets for the word) and, for each tag t ... which predicts part -of- speech tags before lemmatization. 1 Introduction The traditional problem of morphological analysis is, given a word form, to predict the set of all of its possible morphological...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 01:20

... AFNLP Minimized Models for Unsupervised Part -of- Speech Tagging Sujith Ravi and Kevin Knight University of Southern California Information Sciences Institute Marina del Rey, California 90292 {sravi,knight}@isi.edu Abstract We ... new methods for un- supervised part -of- speech tagging. We adopt the problem formulation of Merialdo (1994), in which we are given a raw word sequence and a dictio- nary of legal tags for each word ... In Proceedings of the ACL. K. Toutanova and M. Johnson. 2008. A Bayesian LDA-based model for semi-supervised part -of- speech tagging. In Proceedings of the Advances in Neural Information Processing...

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