conserving the vernacular in developing countries 1986

... done in the rough fashion illustrated here 23For certain developing- country cities, including some participating in the studies listed in the Appendix, there have been monitoring systems in place ... living in homes where cooking was done on an open biomass-stove In a study of 500 children in Gambia, girls under years of age carried on their mother' s back during cooking (in smoky cooking ... rare (70) Indeed, some of the lowest lung cancer rates in the world are found in rural nonsmoking women in developing countries This is somewhat of an anomaly and can be only partly explained by...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 16:20

... exports on the growth rate of GDP in ASEAN developing countries during the period of 1986- 2001? 1.3 SCOPE AND LIMITATION OF THE STUDY The year 1986 is considered as the initial year of totally innovative ... theories including the Keysian growth, the neoclassical model, and the endogenous growth theory From these, some determinants of growth are drawn Then in the second sub-part, theories relating international ... emphasis on the later one: What are determinants of GDP growth in ASEAN-5 developing countries including Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia, the Philippines, and Vietnam Is there a positive effect of the...

Ngày tải lên: 26/05/2015, 08:29

... characterize the contributions of the informal sector for solid waste management in developing countries in general and in HCMC in particular and to find out whether an integration of the informal ... MANAGEMENT IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES III The informal sector and the informal economy III.1 Definition The term ‘informal sector’ was first introduced by the International Labour Organisation (ILO) in ... activities Incineration and land filling are not part of the informal sector activities and therefore not discussed in the following section The informal recycling activity in developing nations...

Ngày tải lên: 24/08/2013, 18:48

... of the apps in the stores provided by China Mobile, China Telecom and China Unicom to their customers19 mLearning holds great potential for supporting education and learning in developing countries, ... limited health workforces in developing countries It was estimated in 2004 that only 50 of the 600 doctors trained in Zambia since independence were still practicing in the country8 Attrition of ... Expanding and improving training programmes must be at the heart of human resources development strategies for health systems in developing countries New approaches to training are needed to increase...

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 15:20

... aspects into pre-service training of health workers and in- service training of current staff  Incorporate quality indicators into routine monitoring and reporting systems; add quality monitoring ... participate together in collaborative improvement, the results achieved in any of them are spread to the remainder in the same learning community The participating sites re-organize their delivery ... pointing the time of main interventions that lead to the increase, or decrease, of the value of the indicator (Zeribi and Franco 2010) Figure shows the run chart used to monitor progress in institutionalizing...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 06:20

... Among them is the inadequacy of human resources (HR) in developing countries In the health sector in general, and in maternal health in particular, health care professionals are at the heart of the ... technical legitimacy in their training, the excessive supervision required, the difficulty of adapting their training to the great diversity of delivery situations, and to interprofessional conflicts ... even if the capacity to supply EmOC is the minimum starting point, it must be coupled with strategies to reduce delays in receiving care and to increase care coverage Therefore, the intrapartum...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 17:20

... health[42] The pharmacy profession in PakistanAt the time of independence – 1947 – there was no institution offering pharmacy education in Pakistan In 1948, the University of Punjab was the first institution ... in developing countries For example, findings from a survey conducted in a rural region of Ghana revealed that drug retailers in five pharmacy shops were found to have little or no training in ... responsible for controlling and registering pharmacists in their respective provinces Political instability has caused change in the government, thus resulting in changes in health policy Till...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 17:20

... healthcare, including healthcare information, in developing countries? Mobile telephone subscriptions have been growing rapidly since the 1980s in both developing and developed countries Subscriptions ... 1999–2000, the number of SMS messages in the United Kingdom grew from 159 million to 1.42 billion In 2003, the average user in the Philippines sent 2,300 messages, making it the world's most avid texting ... to the end-user as well as society since supportive law would need to be implemented in many countries Nonetheless, in mobile infrastructure in developing countries, privacy/security and authentication...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 18:20

... success in developing countries unless some basic issues are addressed Basic issues Poverty is a major factor in the development of AMR in developing countries [19] Poverty encourages the patronage ... to their clients The effect of such antibiotic-laced concoctions would be to accumulate in the system of the recipients at sub-therapeutic doses, increasing the chances of resistance developing ... enforcement of international laws governing drug production and export Other approaches would include the retention of prescriptions by the pharmacies, training drug-sellers, and regulating the kind of...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 18:20

... characteristics of the RBC formed on that day The seven columns on the right show the haematological findings in the blood as would be found in a standard haematological report folate; in developing countries, ... 11.7 11.7 The rows in normal print show the levels with normal haemopoiesis; the rows in bold print show the changes in levels during iron-deficiency The columns marked with a * show the characteristics ... adequate supply of iron, the output of the model corresponds to the findings in normal blood When iron is deficient the hitherto unexplained changes appear The model also explains why people with...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 23:20

... reduction in the transfer of information and online transactions However due to a lack of infrastructure in most developing countries, the The Electronic Journal on Information Systems in Developing Countries ... states: “there are insufficient numbers of people in developing countries trained in appropriate technologies…training opportunities are also straining to meet needs” The low rates of literacy in developing ... another revealing and so can continue Ciborra (2005) uses this framework when describing the use of e-government in developing countries; where the focus of technology is the ordering of the relationship...

Ngày tải lên: 03/10/2014, 20:32

Ngày tải lên: 09/06/2015, 16:05

... evaded, innovating firms and firms that use formal finance are more likely to be net victims The findings point to the challenges facing innovators in developing countries and the role of banks in ... Maksimovic (forthcoming) for highlighting the importance of thinking about innovation broadly in developing countries 11 Informal Financing which is a dummy variable that takes the value if the firm reported ... to innovate in three ways They can self-finance using retained earnings net of taxes, or obtain external financing from either a bank or from informal sources Firms face a trade-off in going...

Ngày tải lên: 21/04/2016, 07:15

... those findings by demonstrating the inefficiency of policies implemented by the international community and countries themselves in trying to reach the MDGs These concerns are increasingly being ... Pact (see Turrini, Buiter, and Graf for overviews), it is new in developing countries in the context of the search for an increased role of the private sector in the financing of the infrastructure ... co- financing effort by the international community in favor of the lowest- income countries to ease their catching up and accelerate the reduction in poverty.8 Public versus private financing...

Ngày tải lên: 25/04/2016, 08:07

... network will help in furthering the knowledge in the area of environment Resource Sharing networks in the developing countries face problems of financial resources In developed countries there is no ... given in Figure1 The Network is being developed in stages At first stage, the model of Resource Sharing includes the following: - Inter-linking between National & International /Organisation in the ... disseminating the same among all the institutes in India listed for conducting training and research in Environmental Economics by the Baseline Survey, conducted by MSE in 1998 Abstracting and...

Ngày tải lên: 06/09/2016, 14:08

... rights, whether living today or in the future The concept of sustainability has to be translated into the practical dimensions of the real world to make it operational It is vital to recognize the presence ... of sustainability, or of threats to sustainability In order to this, proper sustainability criteria/indicators must provide this information, to indicate our progress in achieving sustainability ... These results can be a valuable input for the stakeholders’ preference assessment in the latter phase of the planning process As presented in the framework, in searching for potential wastewater...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 10:15

... explosion in developing countries and in SSA in particular, is accompanied by increasing urban poverty and malnutrition [2,5] Newly assembled evidence from developing countries indicates that the locus ... to the growing empirical literature on socioeconomic inequalities in health in developing countries, by examining differences across urban and rural areas in health inequalities Specifically, the ... differentials in all countries except Chad and Zambia, the only countries where the within-urban gap in stunting is not larger than the within-rural one Indeed, rural to urban OR in the prevalence...

Ngày tải lên: 12/02/2014, 19:20

... declines in the percent marrying by 18 in of the countries with data and recent rises in the percent having premarital sex in of the countries The net result of these changes has been a rise in the ... in 50 developing countries representing roughly 60 percent of the population of the developing world as a whole and 88 percent of the population living in countries defined as low income by the ... a decline in the percent marrying before 18 in 24 countries and no change in countries The percent having premarital sex by age 18 has risen in 20 countries, and remained unchanged in countries...

Ngày tải lên: 13/02/2014, 10:20

... gain since youth increase the risk of breast cancer among postmenopausal women.” 22 The burden of breast cancer in developing countries Recent evidence shows that in middle-income developing countries, ... The data presented above show that breast cancer is becoming a pressing priority for women’s health in the developing world Informing women about their health and empowering them to take it in ... detection in developing countries W omen, and particularly poor women, in the developing world face a double burden in health that parallels the epidemiological transition.1 There is an ongoing battle...

Ngày tải lên: 13/02/2014, 16:20

... be working to incorporate these indicators and should be supported in efforts to include them in the ministry of education’s existing EMIS Common experiences in school health programming present ... education and learning outcomes Many NGOs working in the developing world also support training for and implementation of school health programs and have been instrumental in providing the technical ... and the World Bank Since the survey was taken, the demand for resources for school health has increased in the developing world, and additional organizations have joined the number of funding...

Ngày tải lên: 14/02/2014, 13:20