conceptual basis of a new scientific approach for understanding viral emergence

... emphasize that the availability of administrative large databases has increased dramatically the opportunities for epidemiological research Sometimes, however, the availability of data may also ... Juan David Ramírez and Felipe Guhl Chapter Viral Evolutionary Ecology: Conceptual Basis of a New Scientific Approach for Understanding Viral Emergence 119 J Usme-Ciro, R Hoyos-López and J.C Gallego-Gómez ... Richiardi Chapter Frameworks for Causal Inference in Epidemiology 13 Raquel Lucas Chapter Causal Diagrams and Three Pairs of Biases Eyal Shahar and Doron J Shahar 31 Chapter Qualitative Research...

Ngày tải lên: 27/06/2014, 10:20

... Hilbert spaces,” Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications, vol 318, no 1, pp 43–52, 2006 Y Yao, A general iterative method for a finite family of nonexpansive mappings,” Nonlinear Analysis: ... methods for nonexpansive mappings,” Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications, vol 298, no 1, pp 279–291, 2004 G Marino and H.-K Xu, A general iterative method for nonexpansive mappings ... Mathematical and Computer Modelling, vol 32, no 11–13, pp 1463–1471, 2000 26 S Atsushiba and W Takahashi, “Strong convergence theorems for a finite family of nonexpansive mappings and applications,”...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 11:20

... database but a 2.5D database, in a dat format similar to the one used by commercial RO software After calibration based on the approach detailed in Section 3.3, it was verified that it was suitable ... provides a high accuracy However, a disadvantage is that the size of the pixels of the spatial grid has to be very small compared to the wavelength of the signal, leading to a high complexity for large ... Chicago, Ill, USA, July 1995 [19] M Pahud, F Guidec, and T Cornu, “Performance evaluation of a radiowave propagation parallel simulator,” in Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Massively...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 11:20

... dynamic behavior(repeated decisions have to be made) Within this class of problems, a classification framework was proposed that took into account all the characteristics of the different approaches ... as a random variable The objective was therefore to minimize the total transportation, and expected inventory and shortage costs This problem was modeled as a nonlinear integer program Capitalizing ... finding a feasible solution to the dual of a set-partitioning VRP formulation Branch-and-cut is another less investigated exact solution method In this approach, the linear relaxation of the VRP...

Ngày tải lên: 16/09/2015, 15:43

... sac was partly resected, leaving sufficient material to facilitate a peritoneal closure of the abdominal cavity In order to reach an adaptation of both lateralized anterior rectus sheaths, a ... component separation technique of Ramirez et al [7] and additional mesh augmentation Case presentation We report the case of a 61-year-old woman who was suffering from lower abdominal bulge formation, ... separation of the abdominal wall (Ramirez procedure) was performed In the absence of an intact rectus abdominis muscle and anterior rectus sheath, only a vertical incision lateral to the linea...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 23:21

... Heyer AG (2010) Mathematical modelling of the central carbohydrate metabolism in Arabidopsis thaliana reveals a substantial regulatory influence of vacuolar invertase on whole plant carbon metabolism ... slightly lower mean rates of carbon uptake before and during the first day of cold acclimation After days of cold exposure, the mean rate of carbon uptake was significantly lower for C24 than for Rsch ... exchange measurement Exchange rates of CO2 were measured with an infrared gas analysis system (Uras G; Hartmann & Braun AG, Frankfurt am Main, Germany) A whole-rosette cuvette design was used as...

Ngày tải lên: 14/02/2014, 22:20

... SV40T Ag and the 3¢ portion of the tsA58T Ag cDNA carrying the A4 38V mutation were PCR-amplified from COS-7 cDNAs using the following primers: LTA-1F, 5¢-CTC GAGATGGATAAAGTTTTAAACAGAG-3¢ and LTA1R, ... 5¢-TGAAGGCAAATCTCTGGAC-3¢ for the former, and LTA–M2F, 5¢-CAGCTGTTTTGCTTGAATTATG-3¢ and LTA–2R, 5¢-GAATTCATTATGTTTCAGGTTCA GGGG-3¢ for the latter The PCR products were cloned into the EcoRV site of ... Dong QG, Bernasconi S, Lostaglio S, De Calmanovici RW, Martin-Padura I, Breviario F, Garlanda C, Ramponi S, Mantovani A & Vecchi A (1997) A general strategy for isolation of endothelial cells from...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 17:20

... TAT AGT CTA CAC GTT GTA C 3¢ 5¢ CTT AGC ATC TTC CAT GGC TTG ATC 3¢ 5¢ ATA CAC ACA AAC TCA CAA GG 3¢ 5¢ CAA CAT ATT TTA AAT AAA ATT GAC AAT 3¢ 5¢ ATA AAA ATG GTA TAC CTC ACT TGT*C 3¢ 5¢ TAA CAA ... TGG TAG GTA 3¢ 5¢ TGG CAC AAC ATT GTA CAT TCT TGG G 3¢ 5¢ GTA TGG AAG TGT GGA ATA GTT T 3¢ 5¢ GGA CAC CAC AGA TAT CCA ATA G 3¢ 5¢ CAT AAA ACT AAC AAT ACA TGT 3¢ 5¢ TAG CAG ATA TTG AAA AGG AG 3¢ ... TAC TAC AAC TT 3¢ 5¢ CAT GAA AAG CAT TTC AAA AA 3¢ 5¢ TAA AAA ACA GTG GTT ACC AA 3¢ 5¢ CTA AAG AGT ACA CTA TCC TCA C 3¢ 5¢ TTG CTG TGG TTG CCT ATC CTA 3¢ Sequencing of amplified genomic DNA fragments...

Ngày tải lên: 22/02/2014, 04:20

... sub5910 strates of H+ ⁄ peptide cotransporters, such as Gly-Sar, Ala-Ala, Lys-Lys, Ala-Asp, d-Phe-Ala, Ala-Ala-Ala, d-aminolevulinic acid, cefadroxil and Ala-4-nitroanilide (all 100 lm, Table 1) Glycine, ... UK) Dexamethasone, apotransferrin, Gly-Gln, AlaAla, Ala-Ala-Ala, Lys-Lys, d-aminolevulinic acid, cefadroxil, Gly, Pro-Ala, 8-aminooctanoic acid and Gly-Sar were from Sigma-Aldrich (Deisenhofen, ... Control Gly Gly-Sar Bip-Pro Ala-Ala Pro-Ala Lys-Lys Ala-Asp D-Phe-Ala Ala-Ala-Ala d-Aminolevulinic acid Cefadroxil Lys[Z(NO2)]-Val 8-Aminooctanoic acid Ala-4-nitroanilide 100 118 64 14 15 105 46 19...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 05:20

... Biosciences, Columbia, MD, USA) with sense primer SOE-3 (5¢-AAAAATCA ACGCTGAACAATGGTGAGCAAAGGGCGAG-3¢) and antisense primer SOE-4 (5¢-GAATGCGGCCGCTTACT TGTAACAGCTCGTCCATG-3¢), which introduced a NotI site ... (GenBank accession number X52869) was amplified from pZEOSV (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA, USA) by PCR using sense primer 5¢-ATCAAAACAACCAAAA TGGCCAAGTTGACCAGTGC-3¢ and antisense primer 5¢-GAATGCGGCCGCTCAGTCCTGCTCCTCGGCCAC-3¢, ... 165-bp fragment of the fcp 5¢-UTR was amplified by PCR from pUC18 ⁄ fcp1.9kb using the sense primer 5¢-GAT CTTTGCTACGTACGAACG-3¢ and the antisense primer 5¢-GCTCTAGAGATATCTAGTCTTTGTGATAAAGAAA ATTATG-3¢...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 21:20

... xylosoxydans ssp xylosoxydans A- 6 N-acylD-glutamate amidohydrolase; Alicaligenes faecalis-DA1: Alcaligenes faecalis DA1 N-acyl–D-amino acid amidohydrolase; V paradoxus Iso1: Variovorax paradoxus ... D-Aminoacylase European Patent 60,950,706 ,A2 22 Kubo, K., Ishikara, T & Fukagawa, Y (1980) Deacetylation of PS-5, a new beta-lactam compound II Separation and purification of L-amino acid acylase ... Therefore, according to all above analysis results, the strain Iso1 was clearly a strain of V paradoxus Cloning and nucleotide sequencing analysis of the N -D-AAase from V paradoxus Iso1 A V paradoxus...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 16:20

... U.Bortolini, C.Tagliavini and A. Zampolli, Lessico di freq.enza delia lingua italiana contemporanea, ed IBM, 1971 161 B.Bottini and M.Cappelli, Un Meta Analizzatore Orienial al Linguaggio Natnrale in Ambiente ... three attributes: endinLda.~ in The other sets of data are contained in the Prolog workspace and are structured as tables of a relational data base l the morphologic and semantic characteristics of ... preanalyser and to produce for every form analyzed the list of all its characteristics: I tlere are some example of words analyzed with this grammar: The grammar for the DATE Numbers are...

Ngày tải lên: 24/03/2014, 05:21

... design & analysis of the study and the preparation of the manuscript All authors reviewed the final manuscript Additional material Additional file Table 1: Clinical data of both groups at study ... sense All patients were already participating in a comprehensive in-patient rehabilitation programme including 45 of physiotherapy and 30 of occupational therapy every workday The major treatment ... weight acceptance tasks over the fully extended arm and bilateral manoeuvres such as moving a duster on a table Page of (page number not for citation purposes) Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 08:20

... spaces,” Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications, vol 341, no 1, pp 276–286, 2008 23 S Takahashi and W Takahashi, “Strong convergence theorem for a generalized equilibrium problem and ... Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society, vol 73, pp 591–597, 1967 33 W Takahashi, Nonlinear Functional Analysis, Yokohama Publishers, Yokohama, Japan, 2000 34 L.-C Ceng and J.-C Yao, A hybrid ... Theory and Applications T Jitpeera and P Kumam, “An extra gradient type method for a system of equilibrium problems, variational inequality problems and fixed points of finitely many nonexpansive mappings,”...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 07:20

... if a space satisfies Opial’s condition and has a uniformly Gˆ teaux differentiable norm, then it has a weakly continuous duality mapping a We already know that in q-uniformly smooth Banach space, ... Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications, vol 20, pp 197–228, 1967 S Banach, “Surles ope’rations dans les ensembles abstraits et leur application aux e’quations inte’grales,” Fundamenta Mathematicae, ... nonexpansive mappings in Banach spaces,” Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications, vol 302, no 2, pp 509–520, 2005 16 S.-Y Matsushita and W Takahashi, “Strong convergence theorems for...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 11:20

... Banach spaces,” Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics, vol 225, no 1, pp 20–30, 2009 D Kinderlehrer and G Stampacchia, An Introduction to Variational Inequalities and Their Applications, ... programming in Hilbert spaces,” Journal of Nonlinear and Convex Analysis, vol 6, no 1, pp 117–136, 2005 R Wittmann, “Approximation of fixed points of nonexpansive mappings,” Archiv der Mathematik, ... vol 88 of Pure and Applied Mathematics, Academic Press, New York, NY, USA, 1980 10 I Yamada, “The hybrid steepest descent method for the variational inequality problem over the intersection of fixed...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 11:20

... calculated by the probability EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing Table 1: Summary of parameter types and a few examples Type of parameter for vi Static parameters Observed parameters ... optimal algorithm for reconfiguration, it is necessary to have a model of EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing stream dynamics Stream dynamics a ect the APP of positive data arriving at ... average performance of the first approach (experimentation) decreases as the rate of change increases, since changing stream characteristics requires the experimentation approach to randomly sample...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 19:20

... solution of ∈ U x for a maximal monotone operator U in Hilbert space,” Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications, vol 48, pp 114–126, 1974 L.-C Ceng, A R Khan, Q H Ansari, and J.-C Yao, “Strong ... Yokohama, Yokohama, Japan, 2000 16 W Takahashi and Y Ueda, “On Reich’s strong convergence theorems for resolvents of accretive operators,” Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications, vol ... solutions of a finite family of accretive operators,” Nonlinear Analysis: Theory, Methods & Applications, vol 70, no 6, pp 2344–2351, 2009 S Kamimura and W Takahashi, “Approximating solutions of maximal...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 20:20

... Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society, vol 73, pp 591–597, 1967 R T Rockafellar, “On the maximality of sums of nonlinear monotone operators,” Transactions of the American Mathematical Society, ... approximation methods for nonexpansive mappings,” Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications, vol 298, no 1, pp 279–291, 2004 G Marino and H K Xu, A general iterative method for nonexpansive ... mappings in Hilbert spaces,” Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications, vol 318, no 1, pp 43–52, 2006 H Iiduka and W Takahashi, “Strong convergence theorems for nonexpansive mappings and...

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 02:20