complexity and emergence in drug research

... 81 Mg2+-independent Neutral Sphingomyelinases 84 Alkaline Sphingomyelinase from the Intestinal Tract 85 Bacterial Sphingomyelinase-phospholipase C 85 Sphingomyelinase Mechanism 85 Binding of Magnesium ... Alonso Introduction and Scope Sphingomyelinases 80 Types of Sphingomyelinases 80 Acid Sphingomyelinase (aSMase) 80 Secretory Sphingomyelinase (sSMase) 81 Neutral, Mg2+-dependent Sphingomyelinases ... Ions 85 Binding of Substrate 85 Mechanism of Catalysis 86 Sphingomyelinase Assay 88 Sphingomyelinase Inhibitors 89 Sphingomyelinase–Membrane Interactions 89 Lipid Effects on Sphingomyelinase Activity...

Ngày tải lên: 17/02/2014, 05:20

... conflicting commitments However, Professor McCauley was able to present the paper, which is now appearing in this Special Issue at a seminar in Trento in Spring, 2010 Nonlinearity, Complexity and Randomness ... own research and teaching for almost 40 years, with the latter two topics originated from his deep interest in, and commitment to, what he has come to refer to Nonlinearity, Complexity and Randomness ... new and interesting applications of agentbased economic modelling in providing insights into behaviour, both from orthodox and non-orthodox theoretical points of view Moreover, when used as in...

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 09:20

... polymorphisms in CYP2D6 can significantly affect the activity of the enzyme, and therefore serve as an important guideline for determining the dose of antidepressant drugs and preventing drug- induced ... experiments in which total protein bound and imported into mitochondria is present; T, trypsin-treated mitochondria in which only the protein imported into mitochondria is present In the lanes marked In , ... CYP2D6 content, ranging from a relatively high level in HL134 and 137 to a moderate level in HL136, low levels in HL132, 139 and 140, and almost undetectable levels in HL131 and 141 (Fig 1A) Densitometry...

Ngày tải lên: 29/03/2014, 23:20

... EF EM Average amount of drug in the body over a dosing interval Maximum amount of drug in the body over a dosing interval Minimum amount of drug in the body over a dosing interval Area under plasma ... evaluation Such measurements and analysis are adequate for understanding a single drug in a single species in a number of different situations since both protein binding and the resultant unbound ... organ is involved in drug clearance Within this equation Cli is the intrinsic clearance based on total drug concentrations and therefore includes drug bound to protein Lipophilic drugs bind to...

Ngày tải lên: 11/04/2014, 10:03

... Monitoring Using Petri-Nets Petri-nets have been previously largely used in the areas of systems modelling and simulation In this article Prickett et al employ this concept as a process monitoring and ... explained A case study implemented on 802.15.4 Zigbee scheduling and coordinated duty cycling in order to enhance the battery lifetime of the nodes Wilfried Elmenreich Markus Kucera Bernhard Rinner ... representation well In this article Kirner addresses this problem, and discusses methods for preserving code coverage achieved at source-code level and introduce a notation for formalizing structural...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 20:20

... counselling after the diagnosis 12 In my opinion working according the guideline requires that the content of the preoperative counselling is put in writing 13 In my opinion working according the ... acquisition, and interpretation of data, and has been involved in drafting and critically revising the manuscript for important intellectual content All authors have read and approved the final submitted ... Association: Conjoint analysis: a guide for designing and interpreting conjoint studies Market Research Division, Marketing Research Techniques Series 1992 Louviere JJ: Hierarchical information integration:...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 05:21

... K: Infusing research into practice to promote quality care Nursing Research 1994, 43:307-318 Ketefian S: Application of selected nursing research findings into nursing practice Nursing Research ... Nursing Research 1982, 31:196-201 Coyle LA, Sokop AG: Innovation adoption behavior among nurses Nursing Research 1990, 39:176-180 Brett JLL: Use of nursing practice research findings Nursing Research ... Dissemination and use of research h findings in nursing practice Journal of Professional Nursing 1995, 11:306-311 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 Rodgers SE: The extent of nursing research utilization in...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 05:22

... counselling after the diagnosis 12 In my opinion working according the guideline requires that the content of the preoperative counselling is put in writing 13 In my opinion working according the ... acquisition, and interpretation of data, and has been involved in drafting and critically revising the manuscript for important intellectual content All authors have read and approved the final submitted ... Association: Conjoint analysis: a guide for designing and interpreting conjoint studies Market Research Division, Marketing Research Techniques Series 1992 Louviere JJ: Hierarchical information integration:...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 16:21

... genes in human families and mouse models and have gained tremendous understanding of the roles of these genes in inner-ear development and function This meeting signaled a new era of hearing research, ... identified, and complementary studies in the mouse and zebrafish provide an avenue for understanding the roles of these genes in ear development and function Two new protein-coding genes implicated in ... supporting cells in deafened guinea pigs exposed to different deafening agents, and also showed that expression of several cellsignaling markers varies with both deafening agent and time since...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 08:20

... including drug targets, drug chemicals, natural products and biomarkers The drug and target information stored in TTD was updated constantly to include recent approvals into clinical trials and ... searching dual kinase inhibitors and dual target serotonin reuptake inhibitors from large compound libraries.(23) The machine learning methods work well in predicting serotonin reuptake inhibitors ... light in drug discovery Bioinformatics approaches to collect relevant drug combination data from literature and to analyse the pathways and molecular interaction profiles involved in drug combinations...

Ngày tải lên: 12/09/2015, 09:10

... called machine learning, whose common tasks include concept learning for prediction, data clustering, and association rule mining In the information age, particularly in biological research area, ... understanding physiological function of the proteins or peptides coded by those genes, correlating disease states to certain genes and figuring out the potential protein-protein interactions and ... Sequence variation between protein’s drug- binding domain and those of the human proteins in the same family allows differential binding of a “rule-of-five” molecule; (3) Protein preferably has less than...

Ngày tải lên: 15/09/2015, 22:19

... rationalized and focused experiments The interaction between molecules, including protein-protein, proteinnucleic acids and protein-ligand, is normally identified by binding experiments and kinetic ... biomedical research The introduction of data mining in biomedical research in turn enables the development and application of the data mining technology in biopharmaceutical industry (in general, ... effects and drug interactions Passing these three clinical trials, the drug candidates are eligible to submit to new drug controlling organisms such as FDA for approval of marketing In the first...

Ngày tải lên: 17/09/2015, 17:19

... on achieving common goals, such as: •  eveloping and testing promising biomarkers and technologies to obD tain preliminary information to guide further testing; •  valuating promising, analytically ... multidisciplinary, investigator-initiated projects with a strong administrative and data infrastructure In making cancer biomarkers of early detection and screening ready for large-scale clinical testing, ... cell carcinoma (cancer that begins in flat cells lining the esophagus) and adenocarcinoma (cancer that begins in cells that make and release mucus and other fluids) Estimated new cases and deaths...

Ngày tải lên: 14/02/2014, 21:20

... when interpreting results and evaluating one's research The articles covered in the survey cited by Valentine did not exactly set a shining example Probably 85% used inadequate sampling methods and, ... expensive and time consuming The researcher may require skills of tact and persuasion, not needed in the laboratory, in dealing with those who need convincing that the research is necessary, and in ... hears about In fact, research plods along all the time, largely according to Figure 1.1 Although, from reading about research, it is easy to think about a single project beginning and ending at specific...

Ngày tải lên: 15/02/2014, 16:20

... suppliers for remaining demand This competition, in turn, should improve sourcing opportunities with respect to cost and other performance indicators A declining industry may also involve increased risk ... sourcing strategy and assist in evaluating suppliers Benchmarking industry standards and norms can touch upon standardization, production, purchasing practices, and a number of other areas Finally, ... navigate a continually changing business jungle —Riggs and Robbins, 1998, p 66 What Is Market Research? Market research is a process for gathering and analyzing data on industries, markets,2 and suppliers...

Ngày tải lên: 17/02/2014, 22:20

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 11:20

... public, and the scientific and engineering communities The Council is administered jointly by both Academies and the Institute of Medicine Dr Bruce M Alberts and Dr Wm A Wulf are chair and vice ... Partnerships in Remote Sensing: Government, the Private Sector, and Earth Science Research (2002) Using Remote Sensing in State and Local Government: Information for Management and Decision Making (prepublication) ... as guest investigator initiatives in the NSF for national facilities In the vitality category, new theory and modeling initiatives, notably the Coupling Complexity initiative (discussed in the...

Ngày tải lên: 05/03/2014, 11:21

... Debbie bringing record high winds to Ireland and Hurricane Charley bringing record rainfall to Ireland and consequently severe flooding in some locations Kieran R Hickey School of Geography and Archaeology ... initialization, in particular, in ob‐ taining a better dynamic and thermodynamic balance, and in the case of the EnKF also providing probabilistic information by running an ensemble Finally, full domain dynamic ... asymmetric, and had a large spiral rainband emanating from the core, and no visible eye The point illustrated here is that TCs come in a wide variety of shapes and sizes, and often have prominent asymmetric...

Ngày tải lên: 05/03/2014, 21:21

... easy to hedge against (e.g using an industry price index), thus extracting from each asset a random variable that is independent for assets in different industries or markets In any case, our ... the effects of information asymmetry Before proceeding with further details we briefly introduce computational complexity and asymmetric information Computational complexity and informational asymmetry ... realization of informational asymmetry Anybody who knows how to multiply can randomly generate (using a few coin flips and a pen and paper) a large integer by multiplying two smaller factors This integer...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 19:20

... overexpressing SMO cells further confirmed the increased SMO activity, with decreases in intracellular spermine pools and increased spermidine levels in SMO1 and SMO5 cells These changes in spermine and ... oxidation of spermine to spermidine diminishes nuclear spermine pools Because spermine has essential roles in the the protection of DNA, including free radical scavenging and DNA shielding, this reduction ... media (Mediatech, Inc., Herndon, VA, USA) containing 9% iron-supplemented fetal bovine serum (Hyclone, Logan, UT, USA) and 1% penicillin and streptomycin Beas2B cells were maintained in LHC-9 serum-free...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 05:20