... glycoproteins (only Nlinked glycans) than from the cell surface (N-linked and O-linked glycans and glycolipids) Thus the specificities of HA and NA not need to be matched and, furthermore, NA is not ... for shorter NA segments, with little or no requirement for NA activity, or as negative selection against NA activity but a requirement for at least the 3' and 5' NA RNA sequences The total yield...
... human anti -HIV serum Then, immunoprecipitates were run in 12% SDS-PAGE and analyzed by Western blot with rabbit anti-IN antibody and anti -p24 monoclonal antibody or anti -HIV serum HIV- 1 reverse-transcribed ... to be a component of HIV PIC [28,29] However, whether this IN/LEDGF/p75 interaction plays an important role for HIV- 1 nuclear import still remains to be elucidated, since HIV- 1 infection and replication ... contributing to its karyophilic property A HIV- 1 IN-YFP fusion protein expressor (CMV-IN-YFP) was generated by fusing a full-length HIV- 1 IN cDNA (amplified from HIV1 HxBru molecular clone [30]) to...
... amplicon DNA while only slightly increasing the CT for RNA detection It is interesting to note that, based on analysis of the standard curves, increases observed in the CT for RNA were due both to ... modified nucleotides and uracil-DNA glycosylase (UNG) for the control of contamination in the PCR -based amplification of RNA Mol Cell Probes 1992, 6:251-256 Rys PN, Persing DH: Preventing false ... biological warfare and infectious disease agents Biotechniques 2003, 35:862-869 Yang S, Rothman RE: PCR -based diagnostics for infectious diseases: uses, limitations, and future applications in acute-care...
... amplicon DNA while only slightly increasing the CT for RNA detection It is interesting to note that, based on analysis of the standard curves, increases observed in the CT for RNA were due both to ... modified nucleotides and uracil-DNA glycosylase (UNG) for the control of contamination in the PCR -based amplification of RNA Mol Cell Probes 1992, 6:251-256 Rys PN, Persing DH: Preventing false ... biological warfare and infectious disease agents Biotechniques 2003, 35:862-869 Yang S, Rothman RE: PCR -based diagnostics for infectious diseases: uses, limitations, and future applications in acute-care...
... negative sense RNA viruses of the family Orthomyxoviridae and are classified into types (A, B or C) based on the antigenic difference in their nucleoproteins (NP) and matrix proteins (M1) Influenza ... use of potentially effective antiviral treatment [14,19,20] To date, influenza diagnostic methods based on reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) and real-time RT-PCR (RRT-PCR) are currently available ... have designed a primer set for a one-step RT-PCR detection assay of multiple influenza A viruses, based on the detection of the NA gene Our one-step RT-PCR method, followed by sequencing, was validated...
... date, a limited number of real-time RT-PCR experiments focusing on grape berries has been published Based on microarray and real-time RT-PCR data, UBQ-L40 [14] and one paralog of EF1-α [2] were previously ... When assessing a set of reference genes, the evaluation method implemented can be a source of bias based on the assumptions underlying each approach In an effort to Page of 11 (page number not for ... reference genes [16] This program calculates a gene expression stability measure (M) for each gene based on the average pairwise expression ratio between it and each of the other genes being studied...
... unspecific amplicon will be indistinguishable from the desired PCR product The recently published method based on circularization of the miRNA also depends on a specific primer for reverse transcription ... this method has all the benefits regarding freedom of primer design and specificity of the LNA -based method Optimization of primer Tm and high specificity of the PCR reaction is achieved by adding ... microRNA LNA™ PCR primer sets designed by Exiqon (Denmark) qPCR data analysis Quantification was based on determination of the quantification cycle (Cq) and PCR efficiency was calculated from the...
... patients (including the E coli sequences), arguing against laboratory contamination Together, this constitutes strong evidence of the ability of commensal organisms such as E coli to colonize inflamed ... vigorous T-cell mediated immune responses, as suggested by the consistent finding of prominent responses to triggering organisms in ReA SF T cells [23,24] In contrast, the immune system is usually ... specific immune responses, they may have a proinflammatory effect because of the effects of component such as lipopolysaccharide, bacterial DNA and bacterial heat shock proteins on the innate immune...
... tissues has certain advantages over more established hybridisation, PCR amplification or antibodybased techniques As with immunohistochemistry, detection of gene expression is at the level of individual...
... Steady-state DNA synthesis by HIV- 1 RT in the presence of NusA-HuR (A) HIV- 1 RT DNA synthesis on a heteropolymeric RNA template corresponding to the HIV- 1 sequence of (-) strong stop DNA The 18 nucleotide ... with full-length HIV- 1 RT (Fig 3A); (ii) the 15N-labeled RRM 1&2 of HuR was titrated with the RNase H domain of HIV- 1 RT (Fig 3B); and (iii) the 15N-labeled RNase H domain of HIV- 1 RT was titrated ... of HuR on HIV- 1 RT DNA synthesis, even on T/P substrates that contain AREs and bound both HIV- 1 RT and HuR (Fig 4B) Therefore, our results suggest that HuR does not interfere with HIV- 1 replication...
... is present in the M-MLV, human and E coli RNases H, but absent in the RNases H from HIV- 1 and B halodurans [19,23– 30] Structure–function studies with the E coli and M-MLV RNases H implicate the ... has been extended [20–22] The RNase H domains of M-MLV and HIV- 1 reverse transcriptases are structurally very similar to the Escherichia coli and Bacillus halodurans RNases H, and to human RNase ... absence of a C-helix in the RNase H domain of HIV- 1 reverse transcriptase, modeling studies comparing the C-helix of M-MLV RNase H with the p66 subunit of the HIV- 1 enzyme suggest that a series of positively...
... isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) does not require expensive or special equipment [3,4] Therefore, LAMP -based detection assays would be suitable for on-the-spot detection in the field or primitive laboratories...
... CD4 is not complete and the HIV- infection does not reduce CD4 mRNA levels [5] Thus, a method based on quantitating CD4 and CD8 mRNA could provide a means of assessing immune status without requiring ... mRNA as determined by QC-RT-PCR (A) CD4, and (B) CD8 The HIV status of each sample is depicted represents HIV positive status, ■ represents HIV negative status, and ▲ ! reepresents unknown status ... exquisitely sensitive This method may also be useful in assessing the immune status of patients retrospectively from archived or frozen samples QC-RT-PCR, and related methodologies, however,...
... chemiluminiscent detection Procedure of the HC-II test First, double stranded DNA was denatured by using a strong alkaline denaturation solution and converted into single stranded DNA (ssDNA) This ssDNA ... There findings warrant further study with a larger number of patients Evidence has showed that strong epidemiology data would provide additional support for a causal association between HR-HPV ... Hahn LJ, Hsieh LL, Chen CJ: Interaction of collagen-related genes and susceptibility to betel quid -induced oral submucous fibrosis Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2002, 11(7):646-53 Mehrotra R,...
... of HIV- 1 to human leukocyte antigen class I Nature 2009, 458(7238):641-5 Liu R, et al.: Homozygous defect in HIV- 1 coreceptor accounts for resistance of some multiply-exposed individuals to HIV- 1 ... permissivity for SIV or HIV (Fig 4C, D, E, F, G) This study suggests that the relative block to SIVsmE660 infection in B-LCL acts through a mechanism that can also restrict other SIVs and HIV, but allows ... of HIV- infected humans and SIV-infected monkeys is likely a consequence of both host and viral factors The present study was initiated to begin an exploration of the impact of the intrinsic immune...
... http://www.virologyj.com/content/7/1/86 Page of Results Phylogenetic analysis based on H gene Determination of the application conditions of the multiplex RT-nPCR A phylogenetic tree based on the H genes of various CDV strains ... a 2% (w/v) agarose gel Study Design With the help of Oligo6 software, six primers were designed based on the genomic sequences of CDV strains published in GenBank (CDV strains: Onderstepoort, ... constituting a genotype different from that of CDV vaccine strains, as revealed by phylogenetic analysis based on the sequences of the H gene region, which is believed to be the most reliable classification...