chapter 18 18 6 a detour into fractals

... @array1 = (1, 2, 3); @array2 = (4, 5, 6, 7); AddArrays (\@array1, \@array2); # Passing the arrays by reference print "@array1 \n"; sub AddArrays { my ($rarray1, $rarray2) = @_; $len2 = @$rarray2; ... the name of a variable can occur Instead of $a, you can have ${$ra} or ${$array[1]} (assuming $array[1] has a reference to $a) , for example Recall that a block can have any number of statements ... that arrays and hashes contain only scalars; they cannot directly contain another array or hash as such But considering that references can refer to an array or a hash and that references are scalars,...

Ngày tải lên: 25/03/2014, 10:25

... @array1 = (1, 2, 3); @array2 = (4, 5, 6, 7); AddArrays (\@array1, \@array2); # Passing the arrays by reference print "@array1 \n"; sub AddArrays { my ($rarray1, $rarray2) = @_; $len2 = @$rarray2; ... the name of a variable can occur Instead of $a, you can have ${$ra} or ${$array[1]} (assuming $array[1] has a reference to $a) , for example Recall that a block can have any number of statements ... that arrays and hashes contain only scalars; they cannot directly contain another array or hash as such But considering that references can refer to an array or a hash and that references are scalars,...

Ngày tải lên: 25/03/2014, 10:39

... or another package statement The following example declares a global variable named value and then starts a package named Fred Inside the new package, we can create another variable with the same ... an array variable named @words and assigns to it a new array that contains elements and from @params my @words = @params[0, 2]; print "@words\n"; The new array is called a slice 1 .6 Arrays and ... indicates that the elements of the array are scalar values A scalar is a simple value that is treated as a unit with no parts, as opposed to array values, which are composed of elements There are...

Ngày tải lên: 01/04/2014, 00:20

... years No one knows the answer That is why it is important to have a viable investing approach Buying and holding in a secular bear market is not a money-making approach And inflation always eats ... their performance Also, a separate 20-day moving average and a separate 25-week moving average strategy using the Nasdaq Composite Index are tested for performance over a long time frame As you will ... Strategies by David Brown and Kassandra Bentley All About Index Funds by Richard Ferri All About Hedge Funds by Robert Jaegar All About Technical Analysis by Constance Brown All About Exchange-Traded Funds...

Ngày tải lên: 03/05/2014, 13:19

... ovals overlap STEP-4: The Antennae and the Legs Start making the antennae of the dragonfly by drawing a line coming outwards from the point of the right eye and the head As the lines move away ... the head in the area towards the lower left side of the head Then towards the left of the oval you just made, make another elongated oval for the lower body of the dragonfly This oval is almost ... Dragonfly drawings have been requested on the site for a while, so it's time to add this popular cartoon critter Follow along and learn how to make your own cartoon dragonfly STEP-1: The Head and...

Ngày tải lên: 28/06/2014, 18:20

... by adding an expression line at the corner of the mouth – just draw an arc shape You may have noticed that our gator doesn’t have any ears – this is because a gator’s ears are actually just tiny ... it? In fact, the name ‘alligator’ comes from the Spanish phrase ‘el lagarto’, because early Spanish settlers in Florida thought that is what these amazing creatures were Now, let’s add a nostril ... want learn how to draw a cartoon alligator? It's easy Jump in, the water’s lovely and warm! This grinning gator is a fine example of the species known as crocodilians, or ‘crocs’ for short Having...

Ngày tải lên: 28/06/2014, 18:20

... by adding an expression line at the corner of the mouth – just draw an arc shape You may have noticed that our gator doesn’t have any ears – this is because a gator’s ears are actually just tiny ... it? In fact, the name ‘alligator’ comes from the Spanish phrase ‘el lagarto’, because early Spanish settlers in Florida thought that is what these amazing creatures were Now, let’s add a nostril ... want learn how to draw a cartoon alligator? It's easy Jump in, the water’s lovely and warm! This grinning gator is a fine example of the species known as crocodilians, or ‘crocs’ for short Having...

Ngày tải lên: 28/06/2014, 18:20

... draw a small head with a long snout and a big ear – almost like a rabbit's Then, on the right-hand side, draw a nice curvy tail that meets in a point at the end Wow – he's taking shape already! ... those rabbit-like ears – simply draw a shape similar to the other one It's now time to add those crucial claws – armadillos have sharp claws which are ideal for digging, building burrows and foraging ... food Draw these as if seen from the side STEP-4: Adding the Armor The next part of learning how to draw a cartoon armadillo is to add some finishing touches to that amazing armor – after all,...

Ngày tải lên: 28/06/2014, 18:20

... be scared! Despite his sharp fangs and blood red color, this awesome bat is, in fact, a friendly little mammal with all kinds of amazing skills Learning how to draw a cartoon bat needn’t take ... learn that bats have an awesome sense of hearing and communicate with their buddies using ultrasound! In fact, a bat’s hearing is so sensitive, it can even hear the sound of a moth flapping its ... can draw around this highlight area in red to create an awesome looking bat! We’re done – it’s time to fly off into the night! Now you’ve learned how to draw a cartoon bat and impress your family...

Ngày tải lên: 28/06/2014, 18:20

... we'll start adding our cartoon beaver's leg – draw an arc shape and a foot with two vertical lines to represent the toes STEP-3: Building our Cartoon Beaver's Character Now that we've added more ... body, draw a wide 'U' shape It may not look much like a beaver yet, but once we've added a few more touches, you'll soon be making a splash with your awesome illustration! STEP-2: A Beaver’s Tail ... Let's add these right now, making them nice and big as in our illustration Our riverside handyman is really taking shape, but wait! He can't be very handy without hands, now can he? Draw these...

Ngày tải lên: 28/06/2014, 18:20

... in your paws and let's get started! STEP-1: Creating our Kitty With Some Basic Shapes Learning how to draw a cartoon cat is as simple as chasing a ball of wool! First of all, start by drawing two ... pointed ears (upside-down 'V' shapes) and then draw the rest of the head as in the above illustration Notice how our drawing already looks like a cat because of these instantly recognizable features? ... ears; cats have an awesome sense of hearing and can hear higherpitches sounds than humans or their arch rivals, dogs! Poor pooches, guess cats have got the "miaow" factor! Once you've done the ears,...

Ngày tải lên: 28/06/2014, 18:20

... off the paws – like all cats, our cheetah has claws which can be retracted or unleashed at will! STEP-5: Making sure our Cheetah is Spotted! Our awesome athlete is nearly ready to race alongside ... up and running after you've learned how to draw a cartoon cheetah the easy way! STEP-1: No 'Cheeting'! Let's Start with the Basics 'Feline' creative? The first part of learning how to draw a cartoon ... lefthand side of the body STEP-4: Making Sure our Cheetah Doesn't 'Tail' Behind The next stage of learning how to draw a cartoon cheetah is to add the all-important tail to our jungle dynamo's...

Ngày tải lên: 28/06/2014, 18:20

... draw the beak – an essential feature of any cartoon chick This is basically a triangular shape as in our illustration Now let's add our feathered friend's body by drawing an irregular circular ... circular shape just a little larger than the head Draw a jagged line like a mountain range at the rear to represent feathers STEP-3: Giving our Cartoon Chick some Real Character Our cartoon chick's ... looks a little angry, don't you think? That's because this particular chick is auditioning for a part in the famous computer game Angry Birds and has to perfect a decent scowl….or, should that be...

Ngày tải lên: 28/06/2014, 18:20

... out a Basic Shape The first part of learning how to draw a cartoon dog is to sketch out a basic shape for the body which will form the basis of our cute canine character First of all, draw a rectangular ... draw some lines for the inner ears It won't surprise you to learn that dogs also have an acute sense of hearing and can hear sounds far beyond our range of hearing They can also move their ears ... draw around the outline in dark gray before rubbing out any lines you don't need Then, taking a medium gray pen, color in the body apart from the chest area After this, take a black pen and draw...

Ngày tải lên: 28/06/2014, 18:20

... draw a cartoon duck? Our duck is really starting to take shape, so let's add some more detail so our cute character can really take to the water!At the top of the head, draw a small fin shape ... Quack quack! It's time to make a splash by learning how to draw a cartoon duck! These comical creatures have been the inspiration for numerous cartoon characters, including Walt Disney's Donald ... got the basic shapes of how to draw a cartoon duck sketched out, let's add some more details to help our cute character take shape Firstly, draw a peaked line for the beak, followed by a curved...

Ngày tải lên: 28/06/2014, 18:20

... that will make your friends and family green with envy! STEP-1: Fabulous Frog Basics the Basics The first part in how to draw a cartoon frog prince is really simple – just draw a heart shape as ... water's fine! Learning how to draw a cartoon frog is as easy as sitting on a lily pad once you've followed these simple steps So, let's jump to it and get started on another awesome illustration ... illustration It may not look like much, but this will give us a good basis for the rest of our amphibian artistry! STEP-2: Adding Some Frog Features Now we've got the basic shape, let's start adding...

Ngày tải lên: 28/06/2014, 18:20

... Stand tall! It's time to learn how to draw a cartoon giraffe – the tallest animal in the land! This awesome creature is native to Africa and instantly recognizable thanks to her long neck and ... stature and graceful poise.First of all, draw an oval shape for the head, followed by a long neck which meets in a curve at the bottom We now have the basis for another amazing animal illustration! ... suitably camouflaged and looking very fashionable – stripes are so last season! Awesome! Our drawing is all done and so now all we need to is color in our cartoon giraffe to make her really stand...

Ngày tải lên: 28/06/2014, 18:20

... time to beat your chest and grab a bunch of bananas as you learn how to draw a cartoon gorilla! There's no time for monkey business, especially as a gorilla isn't a monkey at all – this mean-looking ... Then, draw a shape like a pair of sunglasses just above the small oval While we're here, draw a box shape at the top of the oval as in our illustration - -this will eventually form our awesome ape's ... to draw a cartoon gorilla is to sketch out the basic sh-apes (geddit?) of our very own King Kong! First of all, draw a large teardrop shape as in our illustration, followed by a small oval on...

Ngày tải lên: 28/06/2014, 18:20

... we're going to learn how to draw a cartoon hedgehog – a small, spiny mammal that's native to Europe, Asia, Africa and New Zealand So, don't be shy – get your pencils at the ready and follow these ... den and into the garden! Taking the large circle we drew for the body as our basis, draw a jagged line all the way round to represent spikes Then, add two large ears on top of the head by drawing ... with keratin? It's the same substance our nails and hair are made of! For the last step in how to draw a cartoon hedgehog, sketch in the inner ears and finish off the feet by drawing some claws on...

Ngày tải lên: 28/06/2014, 18:20

... STEP-1: Creating the Basic Shapes for Our Hippo Cartoon Hippos are amazing creatures native to Africa, whose nearest living relatives are whales and porpoises These river-dwelling giants can weigh ... to take the plunge and learn how to draw a cartoon hippo that will really create a splash with your family and friends So, let's pick up our pencils and get started on our awesome illustration! ... our hippo cartoon – these are basically the same shapes as the ears Another prominent feature of our hippo is his huge teeth, so we can add those now by drawing two rectangular shapes at the bottom...

Ngày tải lên: 28/06/2014, 18:20