... needs to handle the offered load XenoLinux fares well, achieving within 1% of native Linux performance VMware and UML both struggle, supporting less than a third ofthe number of clients ofthe native ... this addresses many ofthe issues regarding the fidelity ofthe tool raised by Seltzer’s hbench [6] The OS performance subset ofthe lmbench suite consist of 37 microbenchmarks In the native Linux ... simplifying the Linux porting effort However, paravirtualization can be used to extend the capabilities ofthe balloon driver; for example, the out -of- memory handling mechanism in the guest OS...
... surgery and/ or radiation therapy By definition, patients have no evidence of disease on scan For these patients the central issue is whether the rise in PSA results from persistent disease in the ... undergone radiation therapy The decision to recommend radiation therapy after prostatectomy is often made on the basis ofthe pathologic findings at surgery, as imaging studies such as CT and bone scan ... estimated that 10–15% of patients had "insignificant" cancers Given the multifocality ofthe disease, a concern is the limited ability to predict pathologic findings on the basis of a needle biopsy,...
... by the total area a under the demand curve and above the price b above the supply curve and up to the equilibrium price c under price and up to the point of equilibrium d between the demand and ... both the demand for andthe supply of radios would imply that a both the value of radios to consumers andthe cost of producing radios has increased b both the value of radios to consumers andthe ... Producers, andthe Efficiency of Markets 41 On a graph, consumer surplus would be the area a between the demand and supply curves b below the demand curve and above price c below the price and above the...
... point ofthe organization’s activities It is the job ofthe ‘‘leaders in the middle’’ to knit these two elements together Organizational vision and values are established by the top ofthe organization ... thinks of yesterday and today The manager thinks of yesterday, today, and tomorrow The leader thinks of yesterday, today, and tomorrow but focuses on the day after tomorrow It is not enough for the ... If yes, they see it in black -and- white or Technicolor? Finally, you have a vision for yourself and your future in the game of leadership, much as Woods, Sorenstam, andthe other stars ofthe sport...
... race against the media and surely also against other people The future ofthe adapted mind is the creation of artificial people 401 XIII THE FUTURE OFTHE ADAPTED MIND A feature ofthe adapted ... other societies, andthe mere success ofthe industry is a reflection ofthe immense strength ofthe relevant psychological adaptations and mate preferences The strong beliefs among women in the ... mates and has given rise to the evolution of such bizarre traits as the antlers of stags, the horns of antelopes, the tail ofthe peacock (Pavo cristatus), bird song, frog croaks, andthe extravagant...
... treatment The diagnosis and treatment of cancers that would never have caused medical problems can lead to the harm of unnecessary treatment and give patients the anxiety of a cancer diagnosis The ... termed overdiagnosis, the detection of "pseudo disease." The reservoir of some undetected slow-growing tumors is large Many of these tumors fulfill the histologic criteria of cancer but will never ... effect of screening and treatment on other disease outcomes (e.g., cardiovascular disease) In a randomized trial, two like populations are randomly established One is given the medical standard of...
... converted by the enzyme 5αreductase to dihydrotestosterone in the gland The periurethral portion ofthe gland increases in size during puberty and after the age of 55 due to the growth of nonmalignant ... and Pathology The prostate is located in the pelvis and is surrounded by the rectum, the bladder, the periprostatic and dorsal vein complexes that are responsible for erectile function, andthe ... produced in the epithelial cells Both prostate epithelial cells and stromal cells express androgen receptors and depend on androgens for growth Testosterone, the major circulating androgen, is...
... which the tempo ofthe illness is altered and symptoms controlled until the patient dies of other causes These can be equivalent therapeutically from a patient standpoint if the patient has not ... death, the states model allows a distinction between cure the elimination of all cancer cells, the primary therapeutic objective when treating most cancers and cancer control, in which the tempo of ... surgically remains in the state of localized disease as long as the PSA remains undetectable The time within a state becomes a measure ofthe efficacy of an intervention, though the effect may not...
... palpable, andof these, 70% are pathologically organ-confined The downside of widespread PSA screening is the detection and treatment of cancers with such a low malignant potential that they would ... examined for the presence of cancer, andthe amount of cancer is quantified based on the length ofthe tumor within the core andthe percentage ofthe core involved ... course of antibiotics before biopsy Men with an abnormal PSA and negative biopsy are advised to undergo a repeat biopsy Each core ofthe biopsy is examined for the presence of cancer, andthe amount...
... to the extent ofthe disease within the gland, the presence or absence of capsular invasion, involvement of seminal vesicles, and extension of disease to lymph nodes Because ofthe inadequacy of ... identified solely on the basis of an abnormal PSA (T1c), those that are palpable but clinically confined to the gland (T2), and those that have extended outside the gland (T3 and T4) (Table 91-1) ... for staging, the staging system was modified to include the results of imaging studies Unfortunately, no single test has proven to indicate accurately the stage or the presence of organ-confined...
... more advanced the disease, the lower the probability of local control andthe higher the probability of systemic relapse More important is that within the categories of T1, T2, and T3 disease ... radiation therapy, or active surveillance Choice of therapy requires the consideration of several factors: the presence of symptoms, the probability that the untreated tumor will adversely affect the ... of outcomes of various forms of therapy is limited by the lack of prospective trials, referral bias, and differences in the outcomes used The primary outcomes are cancer control and treatment-related...
... radiation therapy (IMRT) to maximize the dose to the prostate and to minimize the exposure ofthe surrounding normal structures The addition of IMRT has permitted further shaping ofthe dose, ... radiation therapy The aim is to decrease the size ofthe prostate and, consequently, to reduce the exposure of normal tissues to full-dose radiation, to increase local control rates, and to decrease the ... pretreatment, the dose administered, andthe time of assessment Postradiation erectile dysfunction is related to a disruption ofthe vascular supply and not the nerve fibers Neoadjuvant hormone therapy...
... Outcomes of Androgen Depletion The antiprostate cancer effects ofthe various androgen depletion strategies are similar, andthe clinical course is predictable: an initial response, then a period of ... quality of life Combined androgen blockade the administration of an antiandrogen plus a GnRH analogue or surgical orchiectomy—was designed to inhibit both testicular and adrenal androgens at the ... patients treated with radiation therapy and years of androgen depletion relative to radiation alone, was criticized for the poor outcomes ofthe control group Another showing a survival benefit...
... at bedtime) act by relaxing the smooth muscle ofthe bladder neck and increasing peak urinary flow rates No data show that these agents influence the progression ofthe disease Surgical approaches ... Over 5 how often past month, the have you found it difficult to postpone urination? Over the past month, how often have you had a weak urinary stream? Over the (No (1 (2 (3 (4 (5 how often past ... regardless ofthe size ofthe gland, while those with an inability to urinate, gross hematuria, recurrent infection, or bladder stones may require surgery In patients with symptoms, uroflowmetry...
... Scholars and jurists ofthe period were aware of these possibilities, and an examination of some of their arguments as to the interpretation ofthe resolution illuminates the ways in which concepts of ... and development policy became the norm, andthe collapse ofthe Berlin Wall andthe end ofthe Cold War were taken to signal the ultimate triumph of capitalism and its decisive emergence as the ... contrary to the spirit and principles ofthe Charter ofthe United Nations and hinders the development of international economic cooperation andthe maintenance of peace.54 Crucially, the same resolution...
... dispossessed of their land, killed and deprived of their culture The British claimed to be the first occupiers of Australia and this claim ‘was the moral and legal foundation for settlement ofthe continent’.53 ... to the appropriation of land It is not just a matter of land but also of destroyed or at least degraded cultures, andthe loss, as Waldron himself recognises, of identity With the loss of land ... reached, and their suggestions are drawn from ‘Todorov’s idea of “nonviolent communication” and Nandy’s notion of a “dialogue of visions”.’ Both of these are concerned with the process of ‘othering’...
... into the epistemic formations that were the result of, among other things, the experience of colonialism The experience ofthe nation is an experience of struggle, ofthe threat of annihilation of ... because the mother does not leave the child and gently sways the cradle till the child falls asleep The duyan is of course always twinned with the lullaby and this of course recalls one ofthe most ... Osias and I had a friendly debate in a series of articles in the Manila Press over the question of whether or not the local vernacular should be used as the medium of instruction.” The name of the...
... the food stocks, andthe mood ofthe garrison The tactics ofthe Daily Mail captured the attention ofthe nation; the newspaper dramatized the situation ofthe town by emphasizing the danger that ... examine both the role ofthe press in the formation of public opinion about imperialism andthe role ofthe press in the formation ofthe concept of public opinion itself Mafeking Night marks the powerful ... powerful beginning ofthe New Journalism at the same time as it marks the beginning ofthe end ofthe New Imperialism The coincidence of these occasions arises from the nature ofthe South African...
... of individual, hand-to-hand combat Grand strategy, on the other hand, remained the preserve of Tiw.11 In India, too, much the same phenomenon was apparent in the role of Indra, the chief ofthe ... the mainstream of legal analysis, largely as a result ofthe crumbling of older conceptions of legitimacy andthe rise of new aspirations for democracy andthe self-determination of peoples The ... testimony both to the warlike character ofthe Greeks and to their feeling of cultural unity, the cities ofthe Amphictyonic League of Delphi agreed that, in the event of war, the combatant states...