ch08 fruit specific preservation technologies cont

... Glass containers 7.5 Paper packaging 7.6 "Tin can"/tinplate Chapter Fruit specific preservation technologies 8.1 Fruit quality 8.2 Harvesting and preprocessing 8.3 Fresh fruit storage 8.4 Fruit ... Drying/dehydration Fruits, vegetables Concentration Fruit and vegetable juices Chemical preservation Fruit semi-processed Preservation with sugar Fruit products/preserves Pasteurization Fruit and vegetable ... of semi-processed fruit products 8.6 Fruit sugar preserves technology; jams, jellies, marmalade, fruit paste 8.7 Fruit juice technologies 8.8 Banana and plantain processing technologies 8.9 Mango...

Ngày tải lên: 05/04/2015, 17:22

... 2001.6,7 CONTROL OF MICROBIAL CONTAMINATION Microbial contamination of fruit can occur at all stages of growth, harvesting, storage, and processing The surfaces of fresh fruits are often contaminated ... damaged, or fallen fruit contaminated with manure from grazing animals has been implicated in Salmonella and E coli O157:H7 outbreaks Control of microbial contamination of fruit and fruit juice involves ... the risk of microbiological contamination Several effective alternative processing technologies have been developed for controlling microbial contamination, especially contamination with pathogenic...

Ngày tải lên: 25/10/2013, 21:20

... the publisher TEAM LinG  Advances in Audio and Speech Signal Processing: Technologies and Applications Table of Contents Foreword vi Preface viii Chapter.I ... In 2006, Dr Taniguchi became a fellow member of the IEEE in recognition for his contributions to speech coding technologies and development of digital signal processing- (DSP) based communication ... wide range of applications including copyright protection, copy control, broadcast monitoring, authentication, and air traffic control Furthermore, these chapters describe the signal processing,...

Ngày tải lên: 01/06/2014, 01:20

... temporal segmentation and anomaly detection is illustrated in different contexts, including the UCF database of human actions If technologies enabling a timely response to harmful events are important, ... approach The discrete-valued component of the mixed state represents higher-level behavior, while the continuous-state models the dynamics within behavioral segments A set of behaviors is defined, based ... ambient-assisted living infrastructures, where the environmental conditions cannot be strictly controlled, and the false alarm rate can become high Their proposed approach achieves a robust background...

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 19:20

... Flash point Mm2/g °C Sulfur content mg/kg Carbon residue ( in 10% of % (m/m) distilled residue) Cetane index Sulphated ash content % (m/m) Water content mg/kg Total contamination mg/kg Cooper ... methylpoli-unsaturated (> %(m/m) = double bonds) Methanol content %(m/m) Monoglycerides content %(m/m) Diglycerides content %(m/m) Triglycerides content %(m/m) Free glycerin %(m/m) Total glycerin %(m/m) ... content, FFA concentration, etc The European prEN14214 biodiesel standard sets a minimum limit for ester content of >96.5% mass, whereas the US ASTM D 6751 biodiesel standard does not set a specification...

Ngày tải lên: 26/06/2014, 23:21

... increase in the organic matter content or to the pest control Indeed, counting of nematodes revealed a strong effect of the green manure of B.juncea on nematode control The average number of larvae ... the direct analysis of the oils 10 Biodiesel – Feedstocks and Processing Technologies limits Specification Units Ester content % (m/m) 96.5 Density 15°C kg/m3 860 900 EN ISO 3675 EN ISO 12185 ... content, FFA concentration, etc The European prEN14214 biodiesel standard sets a minimum limit for ester content of >96.5% mass, whereas the US ASTM D 6751 biodiesel standard does not set a specification...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 05:20

... Flash point Mm2/g °C Sulfur content mg/kg Carbon residue ( in 10% of % (m/m) distilled residue) Cetane index Sulphated ash content % (m/m) Water content mg/kg Total contamination mg/kg Cooper ... methylpoli-unsaturated (> %(m/m) = double bonds) Methanol content %(m/m) Monoglycerides content %(m/m) Diglycerides content %(m/m) Triglycerides content %(m/m) Free glycerin %(m/m) Total glycerin %(m/m) ... Processing Technologies The biodiesel advantages are that it is a renewable and biodegradable biofuel; it produces less harmful emissions to the environment than those that produce fossil fuels Specifically...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 05:20

... processes, in fed-batch mode, nutrients are fed into the bioreactor in a controlled manner, with the purpose to monitor and control the specific growth rate and the flows of nitrogen and carbon utilization ... contrary, the volumetric productivity of continuous processes is positively affected by the increase of the dilution rate (Ykema et al., 1986; Meeuwse et al., 2011b) Therefore, both the C/N content ... L starkeyi (Yamauchi, Mori et al 1983) Continuous cultivation has advantages of easy maintenance and time-saving, although it is difficult to control the contamination It has limited applicatioins...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 05:20

... Microalgae as Feedstocks for Biodiesel Production Culture systems Contamination control Contamination risk Sterility Process control Species control Mixing Operation regime Area/volume ration Algal cell ... 36 5366 110 60.4 30 58,700 10.2 5.6 Microalgae (low oil content) Microalgae (medium oil content) 50 97,800 6.1 3.4 Microalgae (high oil content) 70 136,900 4.4 2.4 Feedstocks a For meeting all ... fast-growing strains with high oil content are placed on the priority list for biodiesel production Fast growth makes sure the high biomass productivity and reduces the contamination risk owing to out-competition...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 05:20

... Processing Technologies The saturated FAMEs content of the seed samples are low, which is between 15.0 – 18.1% for methyl palmitate and 6.3 – 7.2% for methyl stearate Meanwhile, the content unsaturated ... and continuous reactors, and are summarized in Table The extent of the reaction was reported in terms of the % alkyl ester content and the % conversion of triglycerides The % alkyl esters content ... (Balat, 2008) CT = Continuous reaction in a tubular vesicle Reaction extents are expressed as the % triglyceride conversion (Con.), % methyl esters content (MEC) or the % ethyl esters content (EEC)...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 05:20

... as palm, which can be obtained with these technologies Efforts must concentrate on developing these technologies at pilot and industrial levels, with continuous processes, low energy consumption, ... Feedstocks and Processing Technologies alcohol to oil molar ratio of 24:1 and a reaction time over 30 The biodiesel product, which typically exceeds the 96.5% alkyl esters content of the international ... in Section 3.4 Even though the mono-alkyl esters content in the product from the high-temperature process is always lower than the biodiesel specification value of 96.5%, it can be proposed as...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 05:20

... esters were separated by gravity in a continuous mode Every hour, samples were collected from reboiler to analyze the biodiesel composition and methanol content In this experimentation reaction ... Reactive distillation 299 300 Biodiesel – Feedstocks and Processing Technologies Fig b) Schematic Diagram of Experimental Setup of Continuous Reactive Distillation Column for biodiesel In the present ... value Flash Point Pour point Acid value Moisture and Volatiles Specific gravity at 20oC Kinematic Viscosity ,cst(mm2/s) Fatty acids content (%) Ricinoleic acid Linoleic acid Oleic acid Stearic...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 05:20

... in a continuous mode with a packed-bed continuous flow reactor Heterogeneous catalysts were easily separated from the products, water-washing process and neutralization steps were avoided Contaminated ... Feedstocks and Processing Technologies HPAs are excellent and environmentally benign acid catalyst for the production of biodiesel, which are tolerant to contaminations contained in oil resources ... easily-separated for recycling Reusability of heterogeneous catalysts makes continuous fixed-bed operation possible Such continuous process can minimize product separation and purification costs,...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 05:20

... synthesis, they still cannot tolerate acidic oils with FFA content 3.5%, which are frequently used as raw material (DiMaggio et al., 2010) Contrarily, solid acids catalysts are more tolerant to FFA ... technological drawbacks such as drastic conditions reaction, the strict control of raw material quality in relation to water content, beyond of the leaching catalyst provoked by presence of alcohol ... obtained from all samples with different content of HPW (ca 10, 30 and 50% w/w) However, the typical bands of the Keggin ions were more evident for samples with HPW contents of 30 and 50 % w/w Herein,...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 05:20

... happen, the maximum contaminant concentration is allowed to come into contact with adsorption sites in the lead vessel that require a greater concentration gradient to hold additional contamination ... the Influence of Contaminants on Biodiesel Properties Final Report for the Iowa Soybean Promotion Board, Iowa State University, July 31 458 Biodiesel Feedstocks and Processing Technologies Vasques, ... B DL p t z t B z (14) C(0, t ) C (15) C 0, z zL C( z , 0) (16) (17) In order to solve a specific problem of adsorption, mass transfer kinetics equations must be added, such as those of...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 05:20

... applications 1.4.3 Moisture Content The moisture content in the biomass may be considered as one of the critical parameters that will determine the applicability of a specific biomass Elaeis guineensis ... Carbohydrate, Fibre and Ash Content in Selected Range of Oil-Rich Crops, Carbohydrate-Rich Crops, Grasses and Microalgae TABLE 1.9 (Continued) 18 Biomass Processing Technologies Microalgae Meadow ... Carbohydrate, Fibre and Ash Content in Selected Range of Oil-Rich Crops, Carbohydrate-Rich Crops, Grasses and Microalgae TABLE 1.9 (Continued) 20 Biomass Processing Technologies Properties of...

Ngày tải lên: 27/01/2016, 15:29

... system is an explosion contain-  ASSESSMENT OF EXPLOSIVE DESTRUCTION TECHNOLOGIES ment vessel The EDS Phase (EDS-2) containment vessel is designed to handle munitions containing up to 4.8 lb ... technologies and by the U.S Army on the EDS Of special interest were any improvements or changes to the technologies and additional testing or operational experience since the International Technologies ... evaluation of these technologies to assist the Army in selecting a technology or combination of technologies to augment the main destruction operations at BGAD and PCD The specific models of the...

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 10:20

... the control of a single gene, but are controlled by several genes that have an additive effect Such traits have a continuous distribution and are referred to as quantitative traits Loci controlling ... Genomics, Roslin Institute CONTENTS 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 Background 22 Genetic Selection 23 Genetic Control of Meat Quality Traits 24 Locating the Genes Controlling Variations ... Brown 1998) grew significantly faster than controls, with differences detected between rams and ewes Growth rate of transgenic rams was greater than controls from birth onward, whereas increased...

Ngày tải lên: 16/04/2014, 13:05

... kJ/mol; whereas at 90 ◦C, the diffusion through the product layer became the rate-controlling step Since there is a continuous formation of ammonia during the hydrolysis, the as created basic conditions ... homogeneity of particle packing Contrarily, colloidal shaping techniques have the capability to reduce the strength-limiting defects when comparing with dry pressing technologies (Lewis, 2000) Besides ... agglomerated into larger granules to generate a specific size and shape to improve flowability and appearance and, in general produce a powder with specific properties such as granule strength,...

Ngày tải lên: 29/06/2014, 13:20

... thermal peak in the Cr–29.4% B mixture continues to τMA = 21 min, while it continues 18 Advances in Ceramics - Synthesis and Characterization, Processing and Specific Applications to τMA = 18 in ... Processing and Specific Applications, Edited by Costas Sikalidis, p cm ISBN 978-953-307-505-1 free online editions of InTech Books and Journals can be found at www.intechopen.com Contents Preface ... hot isostatic pressing for tin oxide ceramics with specific optical and other characteristics, precipitation and sol-gel techniques followed by specific thermal treatments for thermoluminescent...

Ngày tải lên: 29/06/2014, 13:20