canterbury tales pdf translation
Cambridge.University.Press.The.Works.of.Archimedes.Volume.1.The.Two.Books.On.the.Sphere.and.the.Cylinder.Translation.and.Commentary.May.2004.pdf
... Postulates 1–2: about what? The wording of the translation of Postulate gives rise to a question of translation of significant logical consequences My translation has “ among lines which have the ... CONTENTS Acknowledgments page ix Introduction Goal of the translation Preliminary notes: conventions Preliminary notes: Archimedes’ works 1 10 Translation and Commentary On the Sphere and the Cylinder, ... seventeenth centuries.1 Translations into modern European languages came later, some languages served better than others There are, for instance, three useful French translations of the works...
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Tài liệu The Cathedral Church of Canterbury pdf
... Willis's "Architectural History of Canterbury Cathedral" (1845), Dean Stanley's "Historical Memorials of Canterbury" (Murray, 1855, and fifth edition, 1868), "Canterbury, " by the Rev R.C Jenkins ... Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net [Illustration: CANTERBURY CATHEDRAL FROM THE SOUTH.] THE CATHEDRAL CHURCH OF CANTERBURY A DESCRIPTION OF ITS FABRIC AND A BRIEF HISTORY OF THE ... The Cathedral Church of Canterbury [2nd by Hartley Withers *** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK CATHEDRAL CHURCH OF CANTERBURY *** Produced by Jonathan Ingram, Anne...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: "An Experiment in Evaluating the Quality of Translations" pdf
... human translation Translation No 2: a rapid human translation, presumably done “at sight” by dictation Translation No 4: another rapid human translation, done by a different translator Translation ... translator Translation No 5: a machine translation (Machine Program A) Translation No 7: a machine translation (Machine Program B, 2d Pass) Translation No 9: a machine translation (Machine Program C, ... intelligibility ratings of the 144 sentences in each of six translations Translations 1, 4, and are human translations; Translations 7, 5, and are machine translations 61 mean that the raters agree reliably...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: "Improving Statistical Machine Translation with Monolingual Collocation" pdf
... collocation probability of the translation "in order to avoid" is higher than that of the translation "can we avoid" Thus, our method selects the former as the translation Although the phrase ... Speech Translation Evaluation In Processings of the International Workshop on Spoken Language Translation 2005 Philipp Koehn, Franz J Och, and Daniel Marcu 2003 Statistical Phrase-based Translation ... Machine Translation Final Report In Johns Hopkins University Workshop Peter F Brown, Stephen A Della Pietra, Vincent J Della Pietra, and Robert L Mercer 1993 The Mathematics of Statistical Machine Translation: ...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: "Better Filtration and Augmentation for Hierarchical Phrase-Based Translation Rules" pdf
... the tree structures to guide decoding Table shows the translation result on FBIS We can see that the RWF structure constraint can improve translation quality substantially both at development ... enhance the translation performance We employ the relaxed-well-formed dependency structure to constrain both sides of the rule, and about 40% of rules are discarded with improvement of the translation ... statistical machine translation In ACL 145 ’05: Proceedings of the 43rd Annual Meeting on Association for Computational Linguistics, pages 263– 270 David Chiang 2007 Hierarchical phrase-based translation...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: "Fixed Length Word Suffix for Factored Statistical Machine Translation" pdf
... section Factored Translation Model Statistical Machine Translation uses the log linear combination of a number of features, to compute the highest probable hypothesis as the translation e = argmaxe ... features include: the Language Model feature hlm(e,f) = plm(e); the phrase translation feature ht(e,f) defined as product of translation probabilities, lexical probabilities and phrase penalty; and ... M., and Koehn, P CCG supertags in factored statistical machine translation Proceedings of the Second Workshop on Statistical Machine Translation, pages 9–16, Prague, Czech Republic Association for...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: "HINDI TO PUNJABI MACHINE TRANSLATION SYSTEM" pdf
... gives it to translation engine for analysis till the complete input text is read and processed 2.6 Translation Engine The translation engine is the main component of our Machine Translation system ... Hindi-Punjabi Machine Translation System fastens the translation process Once these words are recognized and stored into the proper noun database, there is no need to decide about their translation or ... interested only in the comprehensibility of translations Intelligibility is effected by grammatical errors, mistranslations, and un-translated words For our Machine Translation system evaluation, we have...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: "Topological Ordering of Function Words in Hierarchical Phrase-based Translation" pdf
... by pattern erarchical phrase based machine translation Inter- for ef cient hierarchical translation In Proceedings national Workshop on Spoken Language Translation of the 12th Conference of the ... utilize alignment information available in the translation on Chinese-to-English and Arabic-to- rule together with the consistent alignment heuris- English translation tasks, thus studying its effect ... David Chiang 2002 evaluation of machine translation Hendra Setiawan, Min-Yen Kan, and Haizhou Li 2007 A hierarchical phrase-based model for statistical machine translation Ordering phrases with function...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: "Quadratic-Time Dependency Parsing for Machine Translation" pdf
... the sum of the score of all edges: s(x, y) = ∑ λ · f(i, j) • a partial translation x; • a coverage set of input words c; • a translation score σ In the case of non-projective dependency parsing, ... training data includes newswire from the English translation treebank (LDC2007T02) and the English-Arabic Treebank (LDC2006T10), which are respectively translations of sections of the Chinese treebank ... 2007) We use the standard features implemented almost exactly as in Moses: four translation features (phrase-based translation probabilities and lexically-weighted probabilities), word penalty,...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: "A High-Accurate Chinese-English NE Backward Translation System Combining Both Lexical Information and Web Statistics" pdf
... nominated We call the translation of an NE along the tree downward as a “forward translation On the contrary, “backward translation is to translate an NE along the tree upward we find translations of ... - 26k - 頁庫存檔 - 類 Generally speaking, forward translation is easier than backward translation On the one hand, there is no unique answer to forward translation Many alternative ways can be adopted ... corresponding translation in the target language (Cheng et al., 2004) That makes forward translation less challenging In this paper, we focus our study on Chinese-English backward translation, ...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: "Integration of Speech to Computer-Assisted Translation Using Finite-State Automata" pdf
... phrase-based statistical machine translation system for the English to German automatic translation The system includes the following models: an n-gram language model, a phrase translation model and a ... results of combined speech recognition and translation models are presented For each translation model, the N -best lists are rescored based on the translation probability J p(eI |f1 ) of that ... similarity to speech translation (translation from target spoken language to source language text) Then, we can describe a speech-enabled CAT system as similar to a speech translation system,...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: "Statistical phrase-based models for interactive computer-assisted translation" pdf
... Mercer 1996 Language translation apparatus and method of using context-based translation models United States Patent, No 5510981, April F J Och 2002 Statistical Machine Translation: From Single-Word ... Decoding in interactive machine translation The search algorithm is a crucial part of a CAT system Its performance directly affects the quality and efficiency of translation For CAT search we propose ... the words in the target sentence that have been used in the translation of the given prefix A desirable feature of the iterative machine translation system is the possibility of producing a list...
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