body temperature and metabolism
Báo cáo khoa học: "Wet Belly in Reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus) in Relation to Body Condition, Body Temperature and Blood Constituents" pdf
... with temperatures above °C during some days On day the temperature dropped Particularly cold nights, and minimum temperatures below -27 °C, occurred on days 13, 20 and 21 In Exp the mean temperature ... PS and SP) gained body weight (on average 2.5, 1.7 and 0.9 kg, respectively, during the whole experiment), while reindeer in the lichen-fed groups (groups L and C) lost some body weight (-2.0 and ... in groups PL and PS (n=8) and WBreindeer in groups SP, PL and PS (totally 11, but not sampled until they showed signs of wet belly and lost during the experiment, see Table 2) Body temperature...
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Báo cáo sinh học: " Body size and developmental temperature in Drosophila simulans: comparison of reaction norms with sympatric " docx
... species (0.71 ! 0.06 and 0.76 ! 0.16) Sexual dimorphism was calculated at each temperature and for each line as the and submitted to ANOVA (not shown) For wing and thorax, only the temperature effect ... °C) and the wing/thorax ratio (21-31 °C), high temperatures and for the thorax over the whole temperature range Mean values for the seven temperatures are, respectively for wing, thorax, and ... possible maternal effects and provides HardyWeinberg proportions within lines From each line at each temperature, ten females and ten males were randomly taken Their wing and thorax lengths were...
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Báo cáo y học: "Spontaneous internal desynchronization of locomotor activity and body temperature rhythms from plasma melatonin rhythm in rats exposed to constant dim light" docx
... of locomotor activity and body temperature are under circadian control, and, although the level of activity may influence the body temperature, the circadian rhythm of body temperature is not a ... activity and body temperature has been investigated in few studies In humans, it has been reported that the body temperature rhythm is phase-advanced with respect to the activity rhythm [16] and, ... Figure and Table 1) No desynchronization between the circadian rhythm of Rw and Tb and no significant changes in the τ of Rw and Tb rhythms Figure 1D-F shows two representative actograms for Rw and...
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Quantitative aspects of ruminant digestion and metabolism - Phần 1
... 263 METABOLISM 11 Glucose and Short-chain Fatty Acid Metabolism R.P Brockman 291 12 Metabolism of the Portal-drained Viscera and Liver D.B Lindsay and C.K Reynolds 311 13 Fat Metabolism and Turnover ... Harper and F.R Dunshea 345 14 Protein Metabolism and Turnover ´mond and I.C Savary-Auzeloux D Attaix, D Re 373 15 Interactions between Protein and Energy Metabolism T.C Wright, J.A Maas and L.P ... components, namely two body pools (protein and fat), two blood plasma pools (amino acids and carbon metabolites) and a digestive pool (rumen fill), and include interactions such as protein and fat turnover,...
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Quantitative aspects of ruminant digestion and metabolism - Phần 2
... Asay, K.H., Hilderbrand, E.S., Payne, C.G and Vogt, J.R (1974) Digestibility and rate of passage by steers fed tall fescue, alfalfa and orchardgrass hay in 18 and 328C ambient temperatures Journal ... were 18.9 and 20.8 h; when concentrates were included in the diet, the values were 169 and 240 h for protozoa and 31.2 and 31.9 h for particles The MRTs for both liquid-associated- and solid-associated-bacteria, ... In: McDonald, I.W and Warner, A.C.I (eds) Digestion and Metabolism in the Ruminant University of New England Publication Unit, Armidale, New South Wales, pp 261–276 MacRae, J.C and Wilson, S (1977)...
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Quantitative aspects of ruminant digestion and metabolism - Phần 3
... detergent extraction þ cellulase Acid þ cellulase Jones and Theodorou (2000) Jones and Hayward (1975) Dowman and Collins (1982) Roughan and Holland (1977) De Boever et al (1988) Solubility Neutral ... suggested, such as incubation in acid pepsin (Jones and Hayward, 1975) or in amylase (Dowman and Collins, 1982), neutral detergent extraction (Roughan and Holland, 1977) or treatment with hot acid (De ... outflow), and feed input and outflow rates are constant, regulated and measured directly Nevertheless, similar to in vivo studies, reliable techniques are required for differentiation of microbial and...
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Quantitative aspects of ruminant digestion and metabolism - Phần 4
... ingestion and rumination (see Wilson and Kennedy, 1996) and is related to diet fibrosity and maturity (Weston, 1985) and therefore to degree of diet selection The proportions of leaf and stem ... of tropical and temperate grasses and of legumes, and (B) mature stems of grass and legume, during eating and initial (0–6 h) digestion in the rumen to ‘fines’ or large particles, and subsequent ... leaflets and grass leaf blades and sheaths, whereas stem fragments were larger, and only 3–4% of cell wall area was exposed (Wilman and Moghaddam, 1998) Particle Dynamics 129 Rumination and Comminution...
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Quantitative aspects of ruminant digestion and metabolism - Phần 5
... (1965) Weston and Hogan (1968) Weston and Hogan (1968) Weston and Hogan (1971) Siddons et al (1984) Leng and Brett (1966) Leng and Brett (1966) Leng and Brett (1966) Siciliano-Jones and Murphy (1989) ... (Dixon and Nolan, 1982) Ammonia and urea metabolism in the body Lapierre and Lobley (2001) give a detailed account of urea metabolism in ruminants In ruminants, urea synthesis in the liver and kidney ... 42, 47–52 Cotta, M.A and Hespell, R.B (1986) Protein and amino acid metabolism of rumen bacteria In: Milligan, L.P., Grovum, W.L and Dobson, A (eds) Control of Digestion and Metabolism in Ruminants...
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Quantitative aspects of ruminant digestion and metabolism - Phần 6
... described and this number is expected to increase with continued research Rumen Microorganisms and their Interactions 209 Species Diversity and Activity Species diversity and the size and activity ... Gram-positive and Gram-negative rods, cocci, crescents, vibrios and helices, occurring singly, in chains, tetrads and clumps, are found in the rumen Larger bacteria such as the distinctive ‘Quin’s and ... about by initial chewing and subsequent rumination Passage of digesta from the rumen is selective and is based on liquid flow and particle size The flow of water, solute and small particles (including...
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Quantitative aspects of ruminant digestion and metabolism - Phần 7
... ethanol and hydrogen are not produced, and lactate-utilizing bacteria convert lactate to acetate and propionate In the 1970s, Scheifinger and Wolin (1973) demonstrated that cellulolytic and non-cellulolytic ... Wells, J.E and Russell, J.B (1994) The endogenous metabolism of Fibrobacter succinogenes and its relationship to cellobiose transport, viability and cellulose digestion Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology ... deamination (Van Nevel and Demeyer, 1977; Russell and Martin, 1984), but most active ammonia-producing bacteria were Gram-negative (Bladen et al., 1961) and resistant to monensin (Chen and Wolin, 1979)...
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Tài liệu Quantitative aspects of ruminant digestion and metabolism - Phần 8 docx
... Science and Technology 112, 107–130 Owens, F.N and Goetsch, A.L (1986) Digesta passage and microbial protein synthesis In: Milligan, L.P., Grovum, W.L and Dobson, A (eds) Control of Digestion and Metabolism ... B.W and Kelly, J.M (1990) Energy cost of absorption and metabolism in the ruminant gastrointestinal tract and liver: a review Journal of Animal Science 68, 2997–3010 Mills, J.A.N., France, J and ... D.E and MacRae, J.C (1985) Nitrogen digestion and metabolism in sheep consuming diets containing contrasting forms and levels of N British Journal of Nutrition 54, 175–187 Sinclair, L.A and Wilkinson,...
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Tài liệu Quantitative aspects of ruminant digestion and metabolism - Phần 9 pptx
... glucose and lactate metabolism and interconversions in pregnant and lactating sheep British Journal of Nutrition 50, 267–280 Weigland, E., Young, J.W and McGilliard, D (1972) Extent of propionate metabolism ... Leucine and a-ketoisocaproate metabolism and interconversions in fed and fasted sheep Metabolism 35, 1005–1016 Pethick, D.W., Lindsay, D.B., Barker, P.J and Northrop, A.N (1981) Acetate supply and ... propionate metabolism and gluconeogenesis in sheep American Journal of Physiology 211, 793–799 Bergman, E.N., Starr, D.J and Ruelein, S.S (1968) Glycerol metabolism and gluconeogenesis in normal and...
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Tài liệu Quantitative aspects of ruminant digestion and metabolism - Phần 10 pptx
... H.F and Haaland, G.L (1986) Effect of bovine growth hormone administration on metabolism of growing Hereford heifers: protein and lipid metabolism and plasma concentrations of metabolites and ... E.M and Bergman, E.N (1986) Leucine and a-ketoisocaproate metabolism and interconversions in fed and fasted sheep Metabolism 35, 1005– 1016 Peters, J.P (1986) Consequences of accelerated gain and ... Pethick et al Bell, A.W (1981) Lipid metabolism in liver and selected tissues and in the whole body of ruminant animals In: Christie, W.W (ed.) Lipid Metabolism and Ruminant Animals Pergamon Press,...
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Tài liệu Quantitative aspects of ruminant digestion and metabolism - Phần 11 ppt
... protein metabolism within the whole body and between organs In: Lobley, G.E., White, A and MacRae, J.C (eds) Protein Metabolism and Nutrition, EAAP No 96 Wageningen Pers, The Netherlands, pp ... hind-limb and whole -body leucine and protein metabolism in fed and fasted lambs British Journal of Nutrition 58, 437–452 Oddy, V.H., Lindsay, D.B and Fleet, I.R (1988) Protein synthesis and degradation ... Nutritional and hormonal control of muscle and peripheral tissue metabolism in farm species Livestock Production Science 56, 91–114 Protein Metabolism and Turnover 395 Lobley, G.E and Milano,...
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Tài liệu Quantitative aspects of ruminant digestion and metabolism - Phần 12 docx
... function and animal health Understanding the contribution of leptin to this regulation will improve our understanding of nutrition and metabolism The temporal changes of leptin, insulin, GH and IGF-1 ... energy metabolism and the interactions of several neural and hormonal systems Research is required to elucidate how leptin, uncoupling proteins and other factors affect food intake and energy metabolism ... affected by diet (0.91 and 1.3 for Interactions between Protein and Energy Metabolism 409 the higher and lower MP diets, respectively), which reflects the importance of ruminal energy and nitrogen availability...
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Tài liệu Quantitative aspects of ruminant digestion and metabolism - Phần 13 docx
... Metabolism Wageningen Academic Publishers, Wageningen, The Netherlands, pp 451–464 Vernon, R.G and Clegg, R.A (1985) The metabolism of white adipose tissue in vivo and in vitro In: Cryer, A and ... Decreased ? Uptake and accretion of Ca2þ and Pi decreased; resorption and output of Ca2þ and Pi increased VLDL-TG, very low-density lipoproteins triacylglycerol; Pi, phosphate kidney and by a reduction ... mechanisms and signals operate within the cell, within the tissue and within the body which coordinate the fate of nutrients, both in the short-term, meeting homoeostatic demands, and in the...
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Tài liệu Quantitative aspects of ruminant digestion and metabolism - Phần 14 docx
... of about 70 and 150 kg in body weight compared to steers 18221655 and 18221670 RFI and Animal Performance Growth rate and body size RFI, by definition, adjusts feed intake for gain and metabolic ... F 12 , F 23 and F 32 and F 24 and F 42 , respectively Labelled 32 P was administered as a single dose, D cpm, at time zero, and the size and specific activity of the blood, bone and soft tissues ... our understanding of P metabolism and better predict differences in P responses within species We anticipate that the dynamic model will help to a better understanding of P metabolism and lead...
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Tài liệu Quantitative aspects of ruminant digestion and metabolism - Phần 15 pptx
... more definitive understanding of fetal growth and metabolism Macronutrient uptake and metabolism Numerous studies of pregnant ewes have described macronutrient metabolism and requirements of the ... J.A and Schreiner, R.L (1984) Metabolic balance of the ovine fetus during the fed and fasted states Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism 28, 268–280 Leury, B.J., Bird, A.R., Chandler, K.D and Bell, ... 0.05) Adapted from the data of McNeill et al (1997) and reproduced from Bell and Ehrhardt (2000) Pregnancy and Fetal Metabolism 527 of nutrition and other environmental factors, such as photoperiod...
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Tài liệu Quantitative aspects of ruminant digestion and metabolism - Phần 16 pdf
... lipogenesis, energy storage and lipolysis (Yang and Baldwin, 1973a,b), experimental studies of cow liver metabolism (Knapp et al., 1992), mammary gland metabolism and nutrient uptake (Miller ... supplementation, milk yield increased 5.9% and 3.3% kg/day and protein increased 8% and 5%, respectively Supplementation was over days and levels of methionine and lysine supplementation were not listed ... entering and leaving the several pools The sources of entering amino acids are the digestion of microbial protein, rumen bypass and abomasally infused proteins, amino acids and degradation of body and...
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Tài liệu Quantitative aspects of ruminant digestion and metabolism - Phần 17 pdf
... and other body functions In: Black, J.L and Reis, P.J (eds) Physiological and Environmental Limitations to Wool Growth University of New England, Armidale, Australia, pp 223–242 Carter, H.B and ... development, and they develop with a sebaceous gland as well as an arrector pili musculature and a sweat gland attached to them Secondary follicles initiate later in fetal development and only have ... wool follicle and wool fibre dimensions In: Lyne, A.G and Short, B.F (eds) Biology of Skin and Hair Growth Angus and Robertson, Sydney, Australia, pp 447–460 Hocking-Edwards, J.E and Hynd, P.I...
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