blood brain barrier and its characteristics in brain tumors

... with surrounding brain cells, relaying into the brain inflammatory response and jeopardising the functional integrity of the BBB [55-57] In the present study, we found that, during experimental ... tightly regulating the passage of molecules into and out of the brain to protect the brain from microorganisms and neurotoxic substances During sepsis, however, blood- borne proinflammatory mediators ... facilitating adhesion and transmigration of neutrophils and monocytes into the brain tissue Especially the anaphylatoxin C5a is known to be a strong inducer of ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and various selectins...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 15:21

... perspective into the characteristics of time-varying spectrum via studying the properties of the corresponding kernel However, to maintain physical meaningness in time-varying spectrum and coherence, ... stationary neighborhoods (a) in the coordinates of two time instants and (b) in the coordinates of the center time location and the time index difference (1) The time-varying spectrum, as an energy ... nonstationarity On the other hand, in many applications, nonstationary characteristics of a signal are of great interest For example, in neural information processing, the brain functional activity...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 16:20

... function in the brain BGT-1 is capable of transporting both betaine and GABA, as examined in Xenopus oocytes and various cell lines But the physiological substrate of BGT-1 in the brain remains to ... betaine/GABA transporter BGT-1 in normal brain and in excitotoxic brain injury, as well as the expression and functional changes of BGT-1 in astrocytes in response to hyperosmolarity in vitro and ... decrease in GAT-1 and GAT-3 immunostaining, but no change in GAT-2 staining, was observed in the degenerating CA subfields In contrast, increased BGT-1 immunoreactivity was observed in astrocytes...

Ngày tải lên: 16/09/2015, 15:55

... 14 PD terpinen-4-ol 75% PD terpinen-4-ol 90% 12 PD terpinen-4-ol >98% 10 Gentamixin 30 25 tinh dau ban đầu PD terpinen 4-ol 25% 20 PD terpinen-4-ol 50% PD terpinen-4-ol 75% PD terpinen-4-ol 90% ... be applied in the cosmetic production for antibacterial purpose 35 38 PĐ terpinen-4-ol 25% 36 PĐ terpinen-4-ol-50 PĐ Terpinen-4-ol 75% 34 PĐ terpinen-4-ol 75% PĐ tepinen-4-ol 90% 32 Tinh Dầu ban ... albacans, and a little weaker to Pseudomonas aeruginosa - The more concentration of terpinen-4-ol in the essential oil is, the more effective its antibacterial activity is Nevertheless, not only terpinen-4-ol...

Ngày tải lên: 22/07/2014, 03:20

... depth-averaged model in a nonorthogonal curvilinear coordinates for prediction of flow pattern in meandering channel with 60o and 90o bend, and also with compound meandering channel In this study, ... coordinates for predicting sea level, currents in estuarine and shelf water (Muin and Spaulding 1996) Ye and McCorquodale (1997) developed a depth-averaged model in a non-orthogonal curvilinear system ... surface profile into vertical intake In this regard, the model showed its applicability in computing the flow into intake with air-entrainment The model was also applied to investigate the flow over...

Ngày tải lên: 06/11/2012, 10:35

... the other hand, it is known that phytochelatins (PCs) can chelate cadmium, and is synthesized from glutathione (GSH) Inouhe et al (1994) reported that the cadmium binding complex containing PCs ... reed, and investigate its concentration in plant body The dynamics of cadmium in soil zone is, however, complicated Firstly, the adsorption of cadmium on soil surface is expected and under reducing ... RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Removal of cadmium and phosphorus Time courses of cadmium concentrations in culture broth in Run to are shown in Fig More than 60% of cadmium was removed within days in every...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 10:17

... finding is carried out in order to find out the ways of translating of non – finite clauses Finally, giving some implications on teaching, learning and translating non – finite clauses is done ... understanding,using and translating English non – finite clauses may objectives and some linguists’ theoretical viewpoints about the be significant and important to learners of Engish In reality, ... CHAPTER FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION 4.1 WAYS OF TRANSLATING NON – FINITE CLAUSES By studying English non – finite clauses and their Vietnamese equivalents in English novels, short stories, books and public...

Ngày tải lên: 26/11/2013, 13:19

... used as an ordinary verb and its equivalents in Vietnamese - Helping them know and apply the verb to have in some constructions and its equivalents in Vietnamese - By means of teaching suggestions ... a bath Eg Having a shower every evening in summer is very comfortable Eating and drinking Have a meal Have lunch Have a drink Have a tea Eg I have a drink every evening before dinner Speech ... to find out the similarities and differences between using the verb to have in English and in Vietnamese - Scope of the study - Studying the verb to have in some constructions and as an ordinary...

Ngày tải lên: 18/12/2013, 21:45

... giving, and (ii) demanding” This means there are two roles in exchange: giving and demanding He goes on to analyze the nature of the commodity being exchange into (a) goods and service and (b) information ... defining (restrictive) and non-defining (non-restrictive) relative clauses According to Halliday (1994: 227) in terms of meaning, these clauses not define subsets, in the way that a defining ... “field, tenor and mode” Field, tenor and mode determine the experiential meaning, interpersonal meaning and textual meaning, respectively In order to understand a text, apart from its register,...

Ngày tải lên: 29/01/2014, 14:44

... very-KIND-MAP2 interaction v-KIND KIND2 KIND2-1 KIND2-2 KIND2-3 KIND2-4 KIND2-5 A 620 521 555 488 589 EGFP EGFP-KIND2-1 EGFP-KIND2-2 EGFP-KIND2-3 EGFP-KIND2-4 EGFP-KIND2-5 EGFP-KIND2 EGFP-KIND1 ... the structural and functional determinants of the protein–protein interaction between v-KIND and MAP2 (i.e the MAP2-binding core module in v-KIND and the v-KIND-binding core module in MAP2) across ... deletion of RasGEF; KIND1, KIND1 domain; KIND2, KIND2 domain (B) KIND2 domain anchors v-KIND to dendrites Flag-tagged v-KIND, DKIND1, DKIND2, DKIND1 + 2, DRasN, DGEF, KIND1 or KIND2 together with...

Ngày tải lên: 14/02/2014, 19:20

... occludin in apoptosis and invasion A C B D E F Fig Identification of a human occludin splice variant in liver cell lines (A) Occludin protein expression was examined with an antibody to the N-terminus ... cells In Chang cells, stained occludin was observed in the cytoplasmic region Additionally, in OccWT-overexpressing Hep3B and Huh7 cells, regions stained with antibody to hemagglutinin (HA), indicating ... which inhibits IP3R and thus calcium release from the ER, we suggest that an increase in the intracellular calcium level is a possible explanation for occludin-induced apoptosis and reduced invasiveness...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 18:20

... copper binding could still allow domain swapping to occur It is of interest that a N-terminally truncated prion protein, lacking the copper binding domain is capable of domain swapping and forms ... C-terminus (box in Fig 1) at sites: 92, 75, 66 and 58 As histidine residues are central to copper binding in many proteins they probably form part of the copper binding sites in this protein Although ... binding on the secondary structure was determined using CD in the far UV To prepare proteins without Cu2+, part of each protein 4252 Fig Comparison of copper binding by stefin A and stefin B using...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 06:20

... in the AUH gene This indicated that AUH, in addition to its RNA binding function, must play an important role in leucine catabolism AUH was overproduced in E coli and characterized by measuring ... (c.719C>T) in exon and an insertion mutation c.613–614insA This insertion causes a frameshift that starts at Met205 and leads to the introduction of a stop codon after four amino acids The intra-assay ... Characterisation and mitochondrial localisation of AUH, an AU-specific RNA-binding enoyl-CoA hydratase Gene 228, 85–91 Nakagawa J & Moroni C (1997) A 20-amino-acid autonomous RNA-binding domain contained in...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 07:20

... [s)1] 10)6 ã kass [M)1ặs)1] Cathepsin F Cathepsin K Cathepsin V Cathepsin S Cathepsin H Cathepsin C Cathepsin X Papain Cathepsin La Legumainb Cathepsin Ba Papaina 0.17 0.05 0.35 0.15 0.30 0.15 ... prominent in early and late endosomes [37] Our results suggest that in U937 cells cathepsins H and X concentrate in different vesicles from those containing cathepsins B, C, F, K and L, and that ... general domain-swapping in the cystatin family [20] Although both additional cysteines in cystatin F at positions and 37 (cystatin C numbering) can form a disulde bond [13], the cysteine at position...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 17:20

... (Michaelis constant) and Vmax (maximum velocity) values were determined by incubating the diluted recombinant proteins in the standard reaction mixture in the presence of increasing concentrations ... were removed and minced with a surgical knife The minced tissue was wrapped in cotton gauze and suspended in NaCl/Pi containing 100 lgÆmL)1 penicillin/ streptomycin at 37 °C for h After incubation ... were incubated at 37 °C in a humidified 5% CO2 incubator in the absence (control) and presence of increasing concentrations of inhibitors for 10 days, and the number of molting larvae was determined...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 11:20

... between acetylcholinesterases of kidney and erythrocytes in the extent of binding with the lectins concanavalin A, Lens culinaris agglutinin 4522 (LCA), and Ricinus communis agglutinin (RCA) (Fig ... Alzheimer’s disease in the brain in vivo Neurobiol Aging doi:10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2010.04 028 26 Vidal CJ (2005) Expression of cholinesterases in brain and non -brain tumours Chem Biol Interact 157–158, ... acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase seem to play noncatalytic roles, which would explain their wide distribution in tissues and cells [16], including stem cells [17] Increasing evidence links...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 22:21

... resolving cysteine (Cys-SR) In typical 2-Cys, Sp at the N terminus and SR at the C terminus of the protein belong to different subunits and condense to form an intersubunit disulfide bond; in atypical ... the N terminus and SR at the C terminus belong to different subunits and condense to form an intersubunit disulfide bond; in atypical 2-Cys, Sp at the N terminus and SR at C terminus, originate from ... or protein instability caused by oxidative stress conditions, are important in determining the level of Bcp2 protein Similar results are observed for genes and related proteins involved in oxidative...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 12:20

... lymph node and kidney Interestingly, muscle and brain were almost negative, indicating that there is a differential expression of these transcripts within different human tissues Interestingly, MASKBP3 ... proteins, Vpr, has been shown to dysregulate several host cellular functions including apoptosis in infected and uninfected bystander target cells through its interaction with host cellular proteins ... Oncogenes and Related Genes Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China Smith RK, Carroll PM, Allard JD & Simon MA (2000) MASK, a large ankyrin repeat and KH domain-containing protein involved in Drosophila...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 21:20

... the interface linking calpain to skeletal muscle a-actinin Colocalization of microcalpain and a-actinin in myogenic cells Calpains and a-actinin were previously located in Z-disks [44], and adhesion ... a-actinin, either in direct contact or in a complex including the two proteins In conclusion, our study proves the interaction between a-actinin and calpain and locates binding motifs within regions ... Calp1 binding site in the C-terminal region of a-actinin [56] situates the protease in the vicinity of titin [57] and CapZ [34], two proteins described as a-actinin partners in the Z-line and known...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 21:20

... Engineering was established in 1964, under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences, as a parallel organization of outstanding engineers It is autonomous in its administration and in the ... principal operating agency of both the National Academy of Sciences and the National Academy of Engineering in providing services to the government, the public, and the scientific and engineering ... Printing Office, Washington, D.C., 2004 SOLAR AND SPACE PHYSICS AND ITS ROLE IN SPACE EXPLORATION the fundamental role of solar and space physics research both in scientific exploration and in...

Ngày tải lên: 14/03/2014, 10:20