biogeochemical cycles climate change and el niño southern oscillation

... Figure climate change, desertification and loss of biological diersity are intimately conected to one another- they overlap and affect, and are affectedby, eachother Studies of climate change and ... future IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE AND VARIABILITY ON AGRICULTURE In order to study impacts of climate change and variability or extreme climate event (Elnino, Lanina) on rice yields in different ... planning and implementation CONCLUSION Vietnam climate change and variability are a part of global climate change, if it occurs will definitely effect agriculture In Vietnam the change and variability...

Ngày tải lên: 23/09/2012, 15:10

... changing climate Approaches for assessment of the impact of climate change was referred in Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Technical Guidelines for Assessing Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation ... their vulnerability to climate, including its current variability and extremes events as well as longer term climate change According to Smit and Wandel (2006) and Füssel (2007), adaptation refers ... variability and change in drought and flood circumstance (Smit, 1993; Kelly & Agger, 2000; Mendelsohn, 2000; Wandel & Smit, 2000 as cited in Bradshaw et al., 2004) and well-being (Ellis, 2000)...

Ngày tải lên: 24/08/2013, 18:49

... Zone Vulnerability of delta dwelling populations [Source: Nicholls et al., 2007] Impacts of Climate Change Water Respurses Public Health Environ ment Agriculture Climate Change Tourism Energy ... impact of SLR on Vietnam’s GDP and urban extent follow the impact on its population” Inundation in Mekong River Delta due to m Sea Level Rise Source: HMS Climate Change in Vietnam • Annual average ... trajectory moves southward and typhoon season shifts to later months of the year; Climate Change in Vietnam • High floods occur more frequently in the Central and Southern Vietnam • Drought happen...

Ngày tải lên: 09/12/2013, 21:15

... playing a decisive role in causing and accelerating climate change According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), the probable effects of climate change include a rise in the average ... Britain and Ireland 0,; % of tourist arrivals in Austria, 2006 2.7 6.0 7.3 The UK and Ireland are well known for tourism, in particular for their rugged landscapes They have no pronounced high- and ... benefit from climate change Higher temperatures and lower levels of precipitation could extend the summer season and make the sometimes harsh climate more pleasant for sea and sand holidays Apart...

Ngày tải lên: 16/02/2014, 12:20

... land-use changes for feed production and for grazing; • land degradation; • fossil fuel use during feed and animal production; and • fossil fuel use in production and transport of processed and ... tropical forest, respectively for plants and soil, as opposed to 29 and 90 for tropical grassland and and 122 for cropland 91 Livestock’s long shadow Livestock-related releases from cultivated ... competitive demand between users Changes in land use have an impact in carbon fluxes, and many of the land-use changes involve livestock, either occupying land (as pasture or arable land for feedcrops)...

Ngày tải lên: 17/02/2014, 10:20

... Understanding Climate Change and Polar Ecosystems: Summary of a Workshop FRONTIER QUESTIONS IN CLIMATE CHANGE AND POLAR ECOSYSTEMS 27 and thresholds within polar regions to ultimately develop strategies ... Understanding Climate Change and Polar Ecosystems: Summary of a Workshop 34 FRONTIERS IN UNDERSTANDING CLIMATE CHANGE AND POLAR ECOSYSTEMS has led to drastic changes in forest ecosystems Such changes ... acidification ECOSYSTEM RESPONSE e.g changes in sea ice tm Thresholds and Tipping Elements e her e ere sph yo Cr os p Climate Change Frontiers in Understanding Climate Change and Polar Ecosystems: Summary...

Ngày tải lên: 17/02/2014, 19:20

... associated with climate change 1.1 Health and climate change Effects of climate change on health will impact on most populations in the coming decades and put the lives and well-being of billions ... Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 1999, 39:196–199 Masika R Gender and climate change: Editorial Oxfam Gender and Development, 2002, 10:2–9 McMichael A, Bertollini R Effects of climate ... words and definitions Washington, DC, World Bank, 2010 (http://climatechange.worldbank.org/climatechange/content/ adaptation-guidance-notes-key-words -and- definitions) 36 Gender, Climate Change and...

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 10:20

... cause climate change Our approach is concrete, practical, and will mean real improvements to our climate and environment For the first time in this country, doing something about climate change ... and alternative fuels like ethanol and biodiesel Every little bit we can make a big difference in reducing air pollution, tackling climate change, and protecting our health and our environment ... compounds, and particulate matter Caps  will also be set for other air pollutants such as mercury from electricity produced by combustion, and benzene emissions from the natural gas, and iron and steel...

Ngày tải lên: 29/03/2014, 18:20

... climate related issues, particularly global climate and sea level changes and on the development of integrated models for assessing the effects of climate change and variability at national and ... Lakes and Climate Change and the Canadian Energy Sector One of the mandates of the AIRG is to contribute to international research projects and initiatives in the field of climate change and VIA ... extensively researched on hydrological and climate extremes, natural hazards and their management, climate change and water resources and associated vulnerability, impact and adaptation and environmental...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 19:20

... transport and morphological changes; estimating ground water and changes in ground water volume; forecasting flood volume, depth and duration; assessing changes in land-use; and assessing impacts of changes ... MODELS IN CLIMATE CHANGE APPLICATION A number of studies have been carried out to assess the impacts of climate changes using empirical, water-balance and lumped-parameter models (Revelle and ... regional climate models (Kuhn, 1993) Various studies have used energy-balance models to estimate runoff from snowmelt (Fitzharris and Grimmond, 1982; Granger and Gray, 1990; Gray and O’Neill, 1974; and...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 19:20

... No Change Change (-) No Change Change (+) No Change Change (+) No Change No Change No Change Change (-) No Change No Change No Change Change (-) No Change Change (+) No Change Change (+) No Change ... Likelihood Ratio Change (-) No Change Change (+) No Change Change (-) No Change Change (+) No Change No Change No Change Change (+) No Change Kruskal-Wallis Mann-Whitney Change (-) Change (+) Change ... India Bangladesh Cumulative U Deviation Change (-) No Change Change (+) No Change Change (-) No Change Change (+) No Change Change (+) No Change No Change Change (-) Note: The shaded rows denote...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 19:20

... Model for Inter-Temporal Climate Climatic Change 41 (1999), pp.55-67 Smit, B., Burton, I., Klein, R J T and Wandel, J.: “An Anatomy of Adaptation to Climate Change and Variability” Climatic Change ... Futures to Assess Relative Vulnerability to Climate Change and Climate Variability” Global Environmental Change (1999), pp.233-249 Yohe, G and Schlesinger, M.: “Sea Level Change: The Expected ... “Adapting to Climate Change: A Case Study on Riverine Flood Risks in the Netherlands” In R S J Tol and A A Olsthoorn (eds.), Floods, Flood Management and Climate Change in the Netherlands, Institute...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 19:20

... regression models between annual mean and peak discharges were developed for the Ganges and Brahmaputra Rivers Standard procedures (Berry and Feldman, 1985; Bowerman and O’Connell, 1990; Cook and Wesberg, ... temperature, changes are predicted to be by 35% and 36% for the UKTR and GFDL models, respectively The fourth point is that the CSIRO9 and LLNL models show a similar pattern of change at 2oC, 4oC and ... 5.17 and Table 5.10) At a 2oC temperature change, the CSIRO9 and LLNL models imply equal changes (-17%) for the Fo and no change for the F1 inundation category, respectively The F2 category may change...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 19:20

... Water and Energy Commission Secretariat, Nepal Electricity Authority and Chinese counterpart, Lanzhou Institute of Glaciology and Geocrylogy (1988) made a preliminary assessment of glaciers and ... over a great Indo-Gangetic and Brahmaputra Plain The water demand for agriculture, industry and urban sector in Nepal, India and Bangladesh is progressively growing and a decline in snow cover ... the future is considered high and it could occur in 15 years-20 years considering the present trend of climate change 6.5 GLACIER RETREAT, GLOF EVENTS AND CLIMATE CHANGE Studies about glaciers...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 19:20

... (Intergovernmental Panel for Climate Change) : Climate Change 1995: The Science of Climate Change Contribution of Working Group I to the Second Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change ... B A Callander, N Harris, A Kattenberg and K Maskell (eds.), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge and New York, 1996, p.572 IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel for Climate Change) : Climate Change 2001: ... understanding them, prescribing remedies, and implementing them are long Waiting for relative certainty about the nature of climate change before taking actions to reduce climate change related...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 19:20

... the changed balance between wet and dry season flows and changes in sediment transport and deposition caused by changes in flows and water levels This will affect riverbank erosion and channel ... crops, livelihoods attention to water management and access to local coping and adaptation Establish, manage and execute a coordinated research agenda on climate change impacts and develop and operate ... Springer Velag, Berlin, Germany, 1996, pp.117-134 Huq, S., Ahmed, A U and Koudstaal, R.: Vulnerability of Bangladesh to Climate Change and Sea- Level Rise In T E Downing (ed.), Climate Change and World...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 19:20

... with, adverse effects of climate change, including climate variability and extremes Vulnerability is a function of the character, magnitude and rate of climate change and variation to which a ... AND IAN BURTON 311 REFERENCES Adger, N W.: Social Capital and Climate Change Working Paper 8, Tyndall Centre for Climate Research, U.K., 2001 Adger, N and Kelly, M.: Social Vulnerability to Climate ... S.: Adaptation to Climate Change: Theory and Assessment In J F Feenstra, I Burton, J B Smith and R S J Tol (eds.), Handbook on Methods for Climate Change Impact Assessment and Adaptation Strategies,...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 19:20

... Jin, L., and Johnson, K.R 2008b: A test of climate, sun, and culture relationships from an 1810-Year Chinese cave record Science, 322: 940942 26 Climate Change and Variability Multi-months cycles ... chosen) The cycles detected in some weather stations are given by Fig 10 and Table (the location, the amplitude of the cycles found and the associated class of climate 34 Climate Change and Variability ... gathered and corrected to obtain hemispherical temperature data (HN-T for the Northern Hemisphere and HS-T for the Southern Hemisphere) and global temperature data (GLB-T) 28 Climate Change and Variability...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 11:20

... 448464 Enfield, D & Mayer, D (1997) Tropical Atlantic sea surface temperature variability and its relation to El Niño- Southern Oscillation J Geophys Res., 102, 929-945 62 Climate Change and Variability ... variability and El Niño- Southern oscillation J Climate, 13, 2177-2194 Summer-Time Rainfall Variability in the Tropical Atlantic 63 Sutton, R.; Jewson, S & Rowell, D (2000) The elements of climate ... and MAM Given a weak relationship between Atl3 and TNA (0.17 during JJA and -0.16 during MAM; Enfield et al., 1999), this correlation change is in general due to the Pacific ENSO Fig 12 Correlation...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 11:20