basic components of plasmid based gene expression systems

... subdivision into three subsets of genes is based on correlation of gene expression with the different tumor percentages in the entire set of 35 artificial samples, with genes ordered from left to ... product of genetic polymorphisms rather than changes caused during tumorigenesis [39] Another interesting feature of the signature genes is the absence of highly specific, individual gene expression ... by down-regulation of tumor cell specific genes and upregulation of stromal genes Dissection of the 685 metastasis associated genes in this way enables assessment of which gene products are better...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 17:22

... 36.6 We next determined gene expression in different adipose depots in response to PM2.5 exposure, in terms of the expression of BAT-specific and WAT-specific gene profiles by real-time PCR analysis ... targeted disruption of the Dio2 gene have cold-induced overexpression of the uncoupling protein gene but fail to increase brown adipose tissue lipogenesis and adaptive thermogenesis Diabetes 2004, ... exposure We did not observe significant differences in the gene expressions of Hoxc9 or Igfbp3 in the WAT, neither was the gene expression of Dpt in BAT or WAT Xu et al Particle and Fibre Toxicology...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 19:20

... [43] Roles of ABPs in the regulation of muscle-specific gene expression The cytoplasmic dynamics of the actin cytoskeleton have been shown to regulate the subcellular localization of some transcription ... transcriptional activity by MEF2 Second, overexpression of a-actinin-4 decreases the interaction of MEF2A and HDAC7 Third, knockdown of a-actinin-4 decreases expression of TAF55 Fourth, MEF2C, a-actinin-4 ... the transcription of ribosomal RNA genes [26,33] Recent studies have revealed that actin is associated with rDNA genes, and microinjection of anti-actin Ig into the nuclei of HeLa cells inhibits...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 01:20

... the expression profile of the Cyr61/CCN1 gene to that of the CTGF/CCN2 gene and showed that S1P coordinately regulates the expression of both Cyr61/ CCN1 and CTGF/CCN2 but the final level of control ... revealed a stronger and earlier increase of Cyr61/CCN1 mRNA levels than those of Fig Stimulation of Cyr61/CCN1 gene expression by S1P (A) Relative mRNA levels of Cyr61/CCN1 in cells treated with S1P ... compared to that of the Cyr61/CCN1 gene Specificity of these hybridization signals was established by lack of hybridization signals to the pCRII insertless vector Transcription of the GAPDH gene served...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 08:20

... this expression system is of interest for endogenous generation of siRNA and activation of the RNAi effect in human cells [45] Studies on an inhibition of BACE gene expression by endogenously generated ... the expression of ribozymes, which were cloned into pUC-KE-tRNA-CTE plasmids Ribozyme encoding plasmids were transiently transfected into the tested cells with the aid of lipofectin Expression of ... the cleavage of phosphodiester bonds in RNA This ability makes ribozymes useful molecular tools for very selective degradation of mRNA and inhibition of expression of the genes of ÔunwantedÕ...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 08:20

... expression of a protein(s) required for induction of the Timp-1 gene Time course of TSA action upon PMA- and TGF-b1-induced Timp-1 expression The time course of induction of Timp-1 gene expression ... dose–response curves of the effect of HDACi’s on either PMA- or TGF-b1-induced Timp-1 gene expression are shown in Fig 2A–C For PMA induction of Timp-1 expression, TSA superinduces this expression with ... should induce expression of susceptible genes, and this is the typical experimental finding However, in yeast, deletion of the HDAC 1920 Fig The impact of TSA on PMA-induced Timp-1 gene expression...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 18:20

... Inhibition of uPAR by DNAzymes all of which contribute to focal proteolysis and regulation of wound healing, angiogenesis, and metastasis [5] Of the components of the uPA system, uPAR is of particular ... methods for suppressing gene expression, they have a number of limitations; a useful review can be found elsewhere [18] The DNAzyme technique offers a new way of suppressing gene expression In comparison ... substrate, and a maximum reduction of 84% of uPAR substrate concentration at a molar ratio of : 200 (Fig 2D) The specificity of the DNAzymes was confirmed by the lack of cleavage by the untreated and...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 22:20

... Discussion Transgenesis with small DNA regions regulating transcription is inherently prone to problems of ectopic expression, mosaic expression or the absence of expression, due to the influence of genomic ... the Cre transgene at the level of the ATG of the DAT gene The iCre ORF is represented as a white rectangle, whereas intron sequences and the polyadenylation signal of the bovine GH gene are shown ... arise from undesired expression of gene products encoded by the BAC transgene, by designing a transgene from which DAT proteins should not be produced To rule out the existence of any problem, we...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 08:20

... viral gene expression to avoid cytotoxic and immunological effects The exclusion of these genes, however, often reduces the efficiency and length of transgene expression Control of the gene product ... patients carry one copy of the expanded triplet gene and one normal copy of the gene Therefore, each of their children has a 50/50 chance of receiving the gene and a 50/50 chance of inheriting the ... properties Thus, overexpression of Bcl-2 may prevent the degeneration of motor neurons by inhibiting free radical mediated damage Studies of this type suggest the possibility of Bcl-2 gene therapy for...

Ngày tải lên: 10/04/2014, 22:11

... definition of a perfect sequence) 2.1.2 Frequency response measurements This section defines different ways of measuring frequency responses of the system or one of its subsystems They are based on ... response function H(f) of the system h(n) [16,17] For the specification of the detailed Page of 20 computation, let the frequency bin number k of the DFT of one frame of signal x at discrete ... Page of 20 Figure The gain reduction (attenuation) of a modulation -based noise reduction system is strongest for low modulation depth Figure based on [3] been described for the verification of...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 22:20

... signal [12] based on synthetic speech is available for verification of transfer characteristics of telephony equipment In that case, again the speech performance of the system under test is of major ... procedure for stimulus -based measurements of a linear system’s frequency response It is based on digital signal processing and thus assumes that test stimuli and the output signal of the system under ... measurement of the frequency response in one noise reduction subband Let the number of subbands be M We assign an index i ∈ {1, 2, 3, , M } to each of them Let the lower and upper band limit of band...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 22:20

... dataset of gene expression in time class (late cycle 14) for the gap genes hunchback (hb), giant (gt), Kr¨ ppel, and knirps(kni) and the pair-rule gene eve Each surface u is the gene expression ... movement of stripe of eve and h (black arrowheads) We hope that further study of the correlation between expression domains over cycle 14 and observation of the fine gene- specific details of domain ... signaling [7, 8] In general, both of these approaches should provide tests of existing theories for segment patterning METHODS 3.1 Confocal scanning of developing Drosophila eggs Gene expression was...

Ngày tải lên: 23/06/2014, 01:20

... encompass general principles of cooperative behavior in HMI, and form one aspect of interaction quality A more general picture of interaction quality and of the quality of services offered via ... categories finite-state -based systems, frame -based systems, and agent -based systems In order to provide the mentioned functionality, a dialogue manager makes use of a number of knowledge sources ... number of transmission networks (wirelines, wireless and IP -based) and of components which are used in nearly all types of spoken dialogue systems It will therefore be valid for a large number of...

Ngày tải lên: 27/06/2014, 11:20

... encompass general principles of cooperative behavior in HMI, and form one aspect of interaction quality A more general picture of interaction quality and of the quality of services offered via ... number of transmission networks (wirelines, wireless and IP -based) and of components which are used in nearly all types of spoken dialogue systems It will therefore be valid for a large number of ... people The eventual success of speech as a means of broadening access in this way is very heavily dependent on the perceived ease of use of the resulting systems. ” The expression “subjective” is...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 21:20

... categories finite-state -based systems, frame -based systems, and agent -based systems In order to provide the mentioned functionality, a dialogue manager makes use of a number of knowledge sources ... finitestate-machine, or a set of declarative grammar rules Graphs consist of a series of linked nodes, each of which represents a system prompt, and of a limited choice of transition possibilities ... outcome of an assessment or evaluation experiment5 Spoken language systems are relatively complex systems which offer a number of different (and ill-defined) functions The functions of the individual...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 21:20

... phase of an SDS may be of crucial importance for the success of a service An appropriate specification will give an indication of the scale of the whole task, increases the modularity of a system, ... assessment/evaluation: Evaluation of the fitness of an existing system for a given purpose Assessment of system (component) performance Diagnostic profile of system performance Object of the assessment/evaluation: ... dialogue systems enabling task-orientated human-machine interaction over the phone offer a relatively new type of service to their users Because of the inexperience of most users, and because of the...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 21:20

... the lack of data) or uneconomic, simulation of the respective components or of the system as a whole is required The simulation of the interactive system by a human being, i.e the Wizardof-Oz (WoZ) ... functionality of the system has to be implemented The exact nature of the set-up will depend on the availability of system components, and thus on the system development phase If system components ... interpretation of the agent’s message A general aspect of the voice which is often assessed is voice pleasantness, e.g using the approach in ITU-T Rec P.85 (1994) More diagnostic assessment of voice...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 21:20

... assess the impact of several types of telephone degradation on the performance of speech recognizers Three different recognizers are chosen for this purpose Two of them are part of a 176 spoken ... investigating both prediction outputs of the Emodel For R, the recognition rate has to be adjusted to a range of to for MOS to a range of to Based on the R values, classes of speech transmission quality ... of a specific application scenario (Salza et al., 1996; Klaus et al., 1997) Several investigations have been performed to analyze the performance of different components of speech synthesis systems, ...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 21:20

... do, and the degree of complication of the service Factor 5: “Transparency of the interface (ease of use II)” Includes the ease of use of the service, the perceived helpfulness of the service tones, ... fear of being judged and not being the judging subject, etc.) Quality of Spoken Dialogue Systems 251 The choice of questions for each questionnaire depends on the aim of the specific test In general, ... Bloothooft, 1998) During this so-called “ELSNET Olympics”, telephone -based systems for different languages, application domains and tasks were evaluated The Quality of Spoken Dialogue Systems 261 systems...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 21:20