... because REQUEST -ACT and ASK- ACT do not unify. The REQUEST -ACT gets speaker and hearer by merging with the SPEECH- ACT, and the ASK -ACT slides through by merging with the other SPEECH- ACT. Likewise ... SPEECH- ACT. Likewise the two SPEECH- ACTs match, so in the end we have an ASK -ACT, . REQUEST -ACT, and the simple SPEECH- ACT. ((REQUEST -ACT AGENT Mrs. de Prado HEARER Suzanne ACTION (USE-LANGUAGE ... be some other act: (S MOOD YES-NO-Q =(3)=> VOICE ACT SUEJ (NP PRO you) AUXS {can could will would might} MAIN-V +action) ((REQUEST -ACT ACTION V(ACTION REF)) (SPEECH- ACT) ) Rule 3 interprets...
... Consolidation Characteristics… Mohammed Shukri Al-Zoubi - 98 - evaluating the coefficient of consolidation and end of primary settlement based on a direct solution of the Terzaghi theory. This ... with the Terzaghi theory to be able to estimate the coefficient of consolidation) and (f) the existing methods may involve additional assumptions to those of the Terzaghi theory. In this paper, ... limit and plasticity characteristics; the liquid limit for these soils ranges from 29% to 108% and the plasticity index ranges from 12% to 66%. THE PROPOSED METHOD The actual theoretical one-dimensional...
... languagesDepartment of business EnglishREPORT: Theory and practical application of nominal clauses,adverbial clauses, direct & indirect speech in finance Supervisor : Pham Thi Thanh ... definition and usage of nominal clauses, adverbial clauses, direct and indirect speech. The other section deals with practical applications of these theories in finance- an aspect of business. This ... and adverbial clauses, direct and indirect speech in the financial theme by analyzing five financial articles to help you thoroughly understand the theory. Moreover, the report is carried out...
... 0916829468 Ví dụ: Direct speech: The teacher said to his students that “Open your books!”→ Indirect speech: The teacher told his students to open their books. Direct speech: Nam said to his ... Indirect speech: Nam suggested his his friends to go camping in the forest. B. Câu mệnh lệnh phủ định: Direct speech: Sa + Va + ((prep) + Oa + (that)) “Don’t + V0 + ……. ”→ Indirect speech: ... NO:Direct speech: Sa + Va + ((prep) + Oa + (that)) “Would / Could / WILL / CAN + YOU (PLEASE)+V0+ ……. ?”→ Indirect speech: Sa + Va’ + (Oa ) + (NOT) + TO +V0 + ……Ví dụ:VD1: Direct speech: ...
... China Abstract—Reliability analysis of power systems using the traditional system reliability theory usually can not represent the real-life situation. The multi-state system theory is introduced ... Reliability Analysis of a Power System Based on the Multi-State System Theory Chunyang LI College of Mechatronics Engineering and Automation National ... system is estimated by the multi-state system theory. The results show that the system reliability estimated by the traditional system reliability theory is conservative, and the proposed method...
... CANADA{gpenn,xzhu}@cs.toronto.eduXiaodan Zhu†AbstractWe demonstrate that transformation -based learning can be used to correct noisy speech recognition transcripts in the lec-ture domain ... occurat least twice), with limited impact on the com-putational burden of learning the transformationrules.ReferencesE. Brill. 1992. A simple rule -based part of speech tagger. In Proc. 3rd Conf. ... by its very nature, requires researchefforts common to both Automatic Speech Recog-nition (ASR) and Human-Computer Interaction(HCI). One of the main challenges to integratingtext transcripts...
... probabilistic evaluationmodelling for statistical syntactic parsing.3 The information -theory -based feature type analysis model for statisticalsyntactic parsingIn the prediction of stochastic events, ... aninformation -theory -based feature type analysismodel by which we can quantitatively analysethe predictive power of different feature types orfeature type combinations for syntactic structurein ... ofDependency -Based Feature Types for WordPrediction Models. Proceedings of EMNLP'99,University of Maryland, USA4.3 The smoothing method used in theexperimentIn the information -theory- based...
... picture composition. Therefore, we builda FST -based model to extract features related to thetranscription assessment in this paper. As the FST- based model is similar to the BOW metrics, it ... automatic speech recognition), Computer-Assisted Language Learn-ing (CALL) systems help people to learn languageby themselves.One form of CALL is evaluating the speech ofthe learner. Efforts in speech ... scoringtask. The first step is Automatic Speech Recognition(ASR), in which we get the speech scoring featuresas well as the textual transcriptions of the speech- es. Then, the second step could...
... 80–85,Portland, Oregon, USA, 21 June 2011.c2011 Association for Computational LinguisticsA Speech -based Just-in-Time Retrieval System using Semantic SearchAndrei Popescu-Belis, Majid Yazdani, ... Internet. Thedocuments are found using keyword -based search or using a semantic similarity measurebetween documents and the words obtainedfrom automatic speech recognition. Resultsare displayed ... 2004). Fixit monitoredthe state of a user’s interaction with a diagnosticsystem, and excerpts from maintenance manuals de-pending on the interaction state. The RemembranceAgent was integrated...
... menu -based mul-timodal dialogue when acting as an interface to anmp3 player (Hjelm et al., 2005).The GoDiS dialogue manager allows the userto interact more flexibly and naturally with menu- based ... introduces a novel combination offlexible Multimodal Menu -Based Dialogue and a Speech Cursor which together enable flexible multi-modal interaction without the need for looking at thescreen. In ... spoken inter-action with technologies may thus make it easierand less cognitively demanding for people to in-teract with machines. However, this requires thatthe spoken interaction is similar...
... beliefs. This theory of speech acts has been presented with respect to declarative sentences and repre- sentative speech acts. To analyze imperative sen- tences and directive speech acts, it is ... derivations can be readily checked. 5 A HAEL Theory of Speech Acts We demonstrate here how to construct a hierarchic autoepistemic theory of speech acts. We assume that there is a hierarchy ... the speechact theory. It is easy to duplicate the details of Perrault's analysis within this framework. Theory r0 would contain all the agents' beliefs prior to the speech act, ...
... the following factors:•Use of rule based features only, N-gram based features only, or both rule and N-gram based features.•Quantity of training data.•Modality (text or speech) of training ... with zero or more features. Featureextraction rules can carry out any type of process-ing. In particular, they may involve performing speech recognition on speech data, parsing on textdata, application ... using training data in speech form.We see, not surprisingly, that for small amountof training data the rule -based version of the sys-tem is greatly superior to the N-gram based one.For larger...
... for high quality Mandarin speech synthesis”, Proc. ICSLP Chou, F.C, Tseng, C.Y, Chen, K.J., Lee, L.S, 1997. “A Chinese text-to -speech system based on part-of -speech analysis, prosodic modeling ... part-of- speech -based ones. 1 Introduction Owing to the limitation of vital capacity and contextual information, breaks or pauses are always an important ingredient of human speech. They ... TTS research has focused on automatic prediction of prosodic phrase based on the part-of -speech (POS) feature or syntactic structure(Black and Taylor, 1994; Klatt, 1987; Wightman, 1992; Hirschberg...
... Portugal.Jerome Bellegarda. 2000. Large vocabulary speech recognition with multispan statistical language mod-els. IEEE Transactions on Speech and Audio Process-ing, 8(1), January.G. Demetriou, ... LinguisticsWordNet -based Semantic Relatedness Measures in Automatic Speech Recognition for MeetingsMichael PucherTelecommunications Research Center ViennaVienna, Austria Speech and Signal Processing ... Lab, TU GrazGraz, Austriapucher@ftw.atAbstractThis paper presents the application ofWordNet -based semantic relatedness mea-sures to Automatic Speech Recognition(ASR) in multi-party meetings....