attempted debt for development exchange program initiated by politicians

... forebears, debt equity exchanges, � and analyse why debt for development suffers from very few of the problems that plagued debt equity The different types of debt- for- development exchange by ... mostly as debt- for- development exchanges, or sometimes as debt- for- investment projects (by those who wish to suggest for the technique a more commercial focus).1 The first debt- for- development exchange ... in debt equity exchanges and debt- for- nature exchanges III Debt Equity Exchanges Debt equity agreements involve the sale of external debt by an investor to the debtor government in return for...

Ngày tải lên: 03/11/2014, 18:36

... form For instance, let's look at the division of one frequency domain signal by another In polar form, the division of frequency domain signals is achieved by the inverse operations we used for ... of which distort the true frequency spectrum First, we truncate the information in the signal, by multiplying it by a window For example, a 256 point rectangular window would allow 256 points to ... that can be seen is a noisy waveform that conveys little information to the human eye For reasons explained shortly, the next step is to multiply this signal by a smooth curve called a Hamming...

Ngày tải lên: 13/09/2012, 09:49

... information into a waveform for transmission over a communication channel, which may introduce various forms of distortion as well as noise, and mapping the received waveform into digital information ... configuration that is enabled by OFDM is the simultaneous transmission of identical signals by geographically dispersed transmitters Finally, the new development of wireless LANs for multi-Mb/s communications ... The simplest form of such communication, as least conceptually, is Pulse Amplitude Modulation (PAM), shown in Figure 1.1 Here the transmitted waveform is of the form where the information to...

Ngày tải lên: 02/03/2013, 16:58

... are regular “Magician”: Written by adding “ian” to “magic” to form a person word “Confession”: form abstract nouns Written by adding “ion” to “confess” to Therefore, having a good acknowledgment ... tries to analyze many forms of allomorphy For example, the word dogs is easily broken into the root dog and the plural morpheme -s The same analysis is straightforward for oxen, assuming the ... allomorphy For example, if the plural noun “dogs” is analyzed as a root dog followed by a plural morpheme -s, then one might analyze the singular dog as the root dog followed by a null morpheme for...

Ngày tải lên: 08/04/2013, 09:31

... industrial man-year for a senior engineer The estimated costs for contractor effort for different supported man-year costs can be calculated The estimates given are for demonstrators, not for production ... state of the art and perform more complex functions for the Army PLANNING FOR GROWTH For the near term, using state of the art technology and assuming that a demonstration program starts in 1/2 ... ready for operational use by 1987 • Longer-term development of expert systems for ATE of more complex mechanical and electromechanical equipment The systems in this category are intended for use...

Ngày tải lên: 13/12/2013, 01:15

... Scaling function Filter mask for scaling function Filter mask for wavelet System function to ẳ System function to ẵ Transforms ắ ỉ Fourier transform of : Wavelet transform of with respect to : ... resolution of the wavelet transform and compare it to the common shorttime Fourier transform The multiscale property of the dyadic wavelet transform forms the basis for our further research on multimedia ... Properties of the Shorttime Fourier Transform For the shorttime Fourier analysis the signal is multiplied by a real and symmetric window before the integral Fourier transform decomposes the signal into...

Ngày tải lên: 25/12/2013, 05:17

... and change in length is given by the gauge factor, G, defined by R= G = R/R L/L and since the strain is defined as the fractional change in length of an object, by the formula L L the change in resistance ... small, it can be detected by means of suitable circuitry Resistance strain RG Circuit symbol for the strain gauge Metal-foil resistance strain gauge The foil is formed by a photoetching process ... depends on a property called resistivity, denoted by the symbol ρ; the inverse of resistivity is called conductivity and is denoted by the symbol σ For a cylindrical resistance element (shown in...

Ngày tải lên: 19/01/2014, 19:20

... spark to form across the spark plug gap, and to ignite the air and fuel mixture; the coil is supplied by a DC voltage provided by a lead-acid battery In addition to providing the energy for the ... that can measure displacements and forces The topics introduced in Chapter form the foundations for the remainder of this book and should be mastered thoroughly By the end of the chapter, you should ... physical explanation for the excess (or missing) energy not accounted for in the voltages around a circuit Kirchhoff’s voltage law may be stated in a form similar to that used for KCL: Gustav Robert...

Ngày tải lên: 19/01/2014, 19:20

... Scaling function Filter mask for scaling function Filter mask for wavelet System function to ẳ System function to ẵ Transforms ắ ỉ Fourier transform of : Wavelet transform of with respect to : ... resolution of the wavelet transform and compare it to the common shorttime Fourier transform The multiscale property of the dyadic wavelet transform forms the basis for our further research on multimedia ... Properties of the Shorttime Fourier Transform For the shorttime Fourier analysis the signal is multiplied by a real and symmetric window before the integral Fourier transform decomposes the signal into...

Ngày tải lên: 19/01/2014, 19:20

... and change in length is given by the gauge factor, G, defined by R= G = R/R L/L and since the strain is defined as the fractional change in length of an object, by the formula L L the change in resistance ... small, it can be detected by means of suitable circuitry Resistance strain RG Circuit symbol for the strain gauge Metal-foil resistance strain gauge The foil is formed by a photoetching process ... depends on a property called resistivity, denoted by the symbol ρ; the inverse of resistivity is called conductivity and is denoted by the symbol σ For a cylindrical resistance element (shown in...

Ngày tải lên: 19/01/2014, 20:20

... spark to form across the spark plug gap, and to ignite the air and fuel mixture; the coil is supplied by a DC voltage provided by a lead-acid battery In addition to providing the energy for the ... that can measure displacements and forces The topics introduced in Chapter form the foundations for the remainder of this book and should be mastered thoroughly By the end of the chapter, you should ... physical explanation for the excess (or missing) energy not accounted for in the voltages around a circuit Kirchhoff’s voltage law may be stated in a form similar to that used for KCL: Gustav Robert...

Ngày tải lên: 19/01/2014, 20:20

... of massive numbers of DNA sequences, recent developments in MS, and bioinformatics tools that link DNA and protein sequences to information generated by different types of mass spectrometers [16–18] ... post-translational modifications, either by removing this modification (e.g by dephosphorylation of phosphopeptides [37]), or by converting it into a moiety with altered properties (e.g by reducing nitrotyrosine ... reports using this strategy were selective for cysteinyl peptides, allowed quantification (differential analysis), and used biotin tagging for consecutive capture by immobilized avidin [23] Later on,...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 16:20

... to consider the question of programming Programming Procedures for the Theory of Clumps In programming, the first step is to organize the data into some standard form We have found it most convenient ... each; the entry for Ol now reads: for O5: O1 → (O5,1) O5 → (O1,1) Scan P1 list; Ol, O8 co-occur; open cell for O8 under Ol, for Ol under O8; note co-occurrence in each; the entry for Ol, with the ... (O8,l) for O8, with the new cell added: O8 → (Ol,l) → (05,1) Scan P2 list; Ol, O5 co-occur; add to the co-occurrences totals for O5 under Ol, for Ol under O5; the entry for Ol now reads: for O5:...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 19:20

... “鈿鉀鍾” for “鋰”, “裸袖嘿” for “裡”, “湮湩渭＂ for “浬”, “狎猥狠狙” for “狸” , and “黑墨＂ for “里” We employed similar techniques to recommend characters for In-lists and Out-lists The database that contains information ... harder for them to remember the writing of Jhuyin symbols after the winter break Hence, after the evaluation, we strengthened the feedback by adding Jhuyin information In Figure 2, the Jhuyin information ... 2.1, a player could choose the class level before the game begins Hence, for example, it is possible for a lower class player to play the games designed for middle or even upper class levels to increase...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 19:20

... performance even further, by a factor of about 15 with further decrease in coverage by 10% due to the same reason as mentioned in Experiment 2(c) However the coverage of this system is limited by ... appropriate lexical items The combining operation is indicated by the nature of the arcs-broken line for substitution and bold line for adjunction-while the address of the operation is indicated ... English grammar, a predictive left-to-right Early-style parser for LTAG (Schabes, 1990) and an X-windows interface for grammar development (Paroubek et al., 1992) Figure shows a flowchart of...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 22:20

... be restricted by its invasive nature, by the need for technical expertise and additional laboratory, and for ethical reasons [24] In recent years, microdialysis has been developed for monitoring ... Introduction, Phases of Drug Development, Role of Biomarkers in Drug Development, 11 Role of Pharmacokinetic–Pharmacodynamic Modeling in Drug Development, 12 Role of Microdialysis in Drug Development, 15 ... exceeding $802 million Therefore, there is a need to improve efficiency in drug development by means of a better drug candidate selection in the early-phases of drug development, especially during...

Ngày tải lên: 05/03/2014, 22:21

... areas There are two types of transformations: reversible and irreversible For the former, the product phase will revert back to the parent phase For example, transformation from one equilibrium ... Isothermal transformation Isothermal transformation kinetics study at different temperatures can be conducted by the Kolmogorov-Johnson-Mehl-Avrami formalism [22-25] in which the fraction transformed, ... necessary time for phase transformation Consequently, the mixed fraction of Mo which is considered as the fraction transformed, x, can be described by the Johnson-Mehl-Avrami formalism The double...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 22:20

... publishes its books in a variety of electronic formats Some content that appears in print may not be available in electronic formats For more information about Wiley products, visit our web site ... and important for the formulation of the products in the pharmaceutical industry Raman spectroscopy has actively been used in this area for some time now and is a recognized tool for use in polymorph ... wavenumber readings are different for various excitation wavelengths and, therefore, inconvenient for practical use because the X-axis is not fixed This ambiguity is eliminated by introducing the concept...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 19:20

... this interval by assuming a Student’s tdistribution for the measurand The effective degrees of freedom νeff for the t-distribution can be estimated by using the Welch-Satterthwaite formula (Equation ... −1 e −(x/λ) k for x ≥0 for x 0, k > Support x ∈ xm; +∞ ) PDF f ( x; xm, k ) = k k xm x k +1 Table Parameters, support and formula for the PDF ... [21] Lilliefors HW On the Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test for Normality with Mean and Var‐ iance Unknown J.Am.Stat.Assoc.: 1967; 62 399-402 [22] Lilliefors HW On the Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test for the Exponential...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 12:20