atlas of skeletal muscles

Ngày tải lên: 29/03/2014, 17:20

Ngày tải lên: 08/04/2014, 12:35

... mobilization of edema. Unwanted effects of sulfonamide- type diuretics: (a) hypokalemia is a con- sequence of excessive K + loss in the ter- minal segments of the distal tubules where increased amounts of ... incidence of coronary heart disease. 156 Drugs used in Hyperlipoproteinemias Lüllmann, Color Atlas of Pharmacology © 2000 Thieme All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license. Drugs ... Expression Bio- activation O O CH 3 O O HO H 3 C N OH F COOH HO CH 3 CH 3 H 3 C H 3 C Lüllmann, Color Atlas of Pharmacology © 2000 Thieme All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license. Diuretics of the Sulfonamide Type These drugs contain...

Ngày tải lên: 18/10/2013, 00:15

... Non-depolarizing muscle relaxants Arrow poison of indigenous South Americans Blockade of ACh receptors No depolarization of endplate Relaxation of skeletal muscles (Respiratory paralysis) Artificial ventilation necessary (plus ... and is fol- lowed by gradual loss of symptom con- trol, on-off fluctuations, and develop- ment of orobuccofacial and limb dyski- nesias. These long-term drawbacks of levodopa therapy may be delayed ... reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license. Drugs Acting on Motor Systems 193 A. Neuronal sites of action of antiepileptics B. Sites of action of antiepileptics in GABAergic synapse Chloride channel GABA Glutamic...

Ngày tải lên: 24/10/2013, 19:15

... bleeding Agranulo- cytosis Broncho- constriction Irritation of gastro- intestinal mucosa Risk of anaphylactoid shock >10g ? Lüllmann, Color Atlas of Pharmacology © 2000 Thieme All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license. Drugs ... function of vascular caliber and rate of blood flow. Cutaneous blood flow can range from ~ 0 to 30% of cardiac output, depending on requirements. Heat con- duction via the blood from interior sites of ... postcentralis Nociceptors Cyclooxygenase inhibitors Inflammation Cause of pain Thalamus Lüllmann, Color Atlas of Pharmacology © 2000 Thieme All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license. Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory...

Ngày tải lên: 24/10/2013, 19:15

... sequence of the pentapeptides [Met]- or [Leu]-enkephalin (A). The ef- fects of the opioids can be abolished by antagonists (e.g., naloxone; A), with the exception of buprenorphine. Mode of action of ... development of dependence. 210 Opioids Lüllmann, Color Atlas of Pharmacology © 2000 Thieme All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license. Local Anesthetics 205 + A. Effects of ... resulting in the formation of a polar -COO – group, loss of the amphiphilic character, and conversion to an inactive metabolite. Benzocaine (ethoform) is a member of the group of local anesthetics...

Ngày tải lên: 29/10/2013, 02:15

... irrespective of the duration of anesthesia. 216 General Anesthetic Drugs Lüllmann, Color Atlas of Pharmacology © 2000 Thieme All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license. Soporifics, ... terms and conditions of license. Hypnotics 223 C. Concentration dependence of barbiturate and benzodiazepine effects B. Effect of hypnotics on proportion of REM/NREM A. Succession of different sleep ... level of anesthesia de- pends on the intensity of the pain-pro- ducing stimuli, i.e., the degree of noci- ceptive stimulation. The skilful anesthe- tist, therefore, dynamically adapts the plane of...

Ngày tải lên: 29/10/2013, 02:15

... Another site of action of lithium may be GTP-binding proteins responsible for signal trans- duction initiated by formation of the ag- onist-receptor complex. Rapid control of an acute attack of mania ... Psychopharmacologicals Lüllmann, Color Atlas of Pharmacology © 2000 Thieme All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license. Psychopharmacologicals 229 B. Rate of elimination of benzodiazepines A. ... h Lüllmann, Color Atlas of Pharmacology © 2000 Thieme All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license. Therapy of Schizophrenia Schizophrenia is an endogenous psy- chosis of episodic...

Ngày tải lên: 08/11/2013, 02:15

... ad- ministration of high doses of a thio- amide with concurrent administration of thyroxine to offset diminished hor- mone synthesis. Adverse effects of thi- oamides are rare; however, the possibil- ity of ... agonist Bromocriptine 2 3. Cessation of hormone secretion, "chemical castration" Inhibition of prolactin Buserelin Hypothalamus secretion of STH Lüllmann, Color Atlas of Pharmacology © 2000 Thieme All ... Color Atlas of Pharmacology © 2000 Thieme All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license. Oral Contraceptives Inhibitors of ovulation. Negative feed- back control of gonadotropin...

Ngày tải lên: 08/11/2013, 02:15

... Penicillinase sensitivity Lüllmann, Color Atlas of Pharmacology © 2000 Thieme All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license. Inhibitors of Tetrahydrofolate Synthesis Tetrahydrofolic acid (THF) ... acid Folate synthesis p-Aminobenzoic acid Clofazimine Skin discoloration Pyrazinamide Liver damage Combination therapy Reduced risk of bacterial resistance Reduction of dose and of risk of adverse reactions Mycobacterium leprae Mycobacterium tuberculosis 1 2 Rifampin Liver ... modes of action of antiviral agents Antimetabolites = incorrect DNA building blocks Lüllmann, Color Atlas of Pharmacology © 2000 Thieme All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of...

Ngày tải lên: 08/11/2013, 02:15

... division Inhibition of formation Microtubules of mitotic spindle Inhibition of degradation Lüllmann, Color Atlas of Pharmacology © 2000 Thieme All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license. ... resealing. Inhibition of nucleobase synthe- sis (2). Tetrahydrofolic acid (THF) is re- quired for the synthesis of both purine bases and thymidine. Formation of THF from folic acid involves dihydrofolate reductase ... followed by loss of effect because of the emergence of resistant tumor cells. Mechanisms of resistance are multifactorial: Diminished cellular uptake may re- sult from reduced synthesis of a trans- port...

Ngày tải lên: 15/12/2013, 13:15

... by a forceful, synchro- nous contraction of abdominal wall muscles and diaphragm. Closure of the glottis and elevation of the soft palate prevent entry of vomitus into the tra- chea and nasopharynx. ... denervation), loss of sym- pathetic vasomotor control can be com- pensated by administration of sympa- thomimetics. 314 Therapy of Selected Diseases Lüllmann, Color Atlas of Pharmacology © 2000 ... effects. 320 Therapy of Selected Diseases Lüllmann, Color Atlas of Pharmacology © 2000 Thieme All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license. Therapy of Selected Diseases...

Ngày tải lên: 15/12/2013, 13:15

... Polidocanol Lüllmann, Color Atlas of Pharmacology © 2000 Thieme All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license. Drug Name → Trade Name 341 H Halofantrine Halfan Haloperidol ... Roaccutan Lüllmann, Color Atlas of Pharmacology © 2000 Thieme All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license. Drug Name → Trade Name 345 Ondansetron Zofran Opium Tincture (laudanum) ... Drisdol W Warfarin Coumadin, Panwarfin, Sofarin Lüllmann, Color Atlas of Pharmacology © 2000 Thieme All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license. H Haemaccel Gelatin-colloids Halcion...

Ngày tải lên: 15/12/2013, 13:15

... M. D. Professor Emeritus Department of Pharmacology University of Kiel Germany Klaus Mohr, M. D. Professor Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Institute of Pharmacy University of Bonn Germany Albrecht ... Ziegler, Ph. D. Professor Department of Pharmacology University of Kiel Germany Detlef Bieger, M. D. Professor Division of Basic Medical Sciences Faculty of Medicine Memorial University of Newfoundland St. ... readers of the multilingual editions of the Color Atlas for their suggestions. We are indebted to Prof. Ulrike Holzgrabe, Würzburg, Doc. Achim Meißner, Kiel, Prof. Gert-Hinrich Reil, Oldenburg, Prof....

Ngày tải lên: 22/01/2014, 00:20

... terms of a defined number of drops, the size of which depends on the area of the drip opening at the bottle mouth and on the viscosity and surface tension of the solution. The advantage of a drop ... directly in front of the mouth and actuated at the start of inspiration. The effective- ness of delivery depends on the position of the device in front of the mouth, the size of aerosol particles, ... membrane easily. This is of major importance with respect to the absorption, distribution, and elimination of drugs. 20 Cellular Sites of Action Lüllmann, Color Atlas of Pharmacology © 2000 Thieme All...

Ngày tải lên: 22/01/2014, 00:20

... Color Atlas of Pharmacology © 2000 Thieme All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license. Blood-Tissue Barriers Drugs are transported in the blood to different tissues of ... Distribution in the Body Lüllmann, Color Atlas of Pharmacology © 2000 Thieme All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license. Possible Modes of Drug Distribution Following its ... of body water), and smaller in the obese and the aged. The concentration (c) of a solution corresponds to the amount (D) of sub- stance dissolved in a volume (V); thus, c = D/V. If the dose of...

Ngày tải lên: 22/01/2014, 00:20

... C O 2 + N R 1 R 2 CH 3 OH N R 1 R 2 CH Desalkylierung L llmann, Color Atlas of Pharmacology ' 2000 Thieme All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license. Elimination of Lipophilic and Hydrophilic Substances The ... manner. The speed of formation of hydrophilic metabolite determines the drug’s length of stay in the body. If hepatic conversion to a polar me- tabolite is rapid, only a portion of the absorbed ... protonated sub- stances, the extent of reabsorption is dependent upon urinary pH or the de- gree of dissociation. The degree of disso- ciation varies as a function of the uri- nary pH and the pK a ,...

Ngày tải lên: 22/01/2014, 00:20