arma or box jenkins model

... anti-inflammatory effects of statins in murine and rat models of allergic asthma [32,33] and COPD [11,12] Moreover, statins reportedly suppress ex vivo airway responsiveness in animal models [34,35] ... treated with corticosteroids [48] or without anti-inflammatory medication [49] Conversely, a recent study revealed that simvastatin can enhance the anti-inflammatory effects of inhaled corticosteroids ... 3-hydroxy-3-methlyglutaryl-coenzyme A; TGF: transforming growth factor Acknowledgements This work was supported by grants from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR), GlaxoSmithKline Collaborative Innovation Research...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 14:20

... implications for embryogenesis and tumor metastasis Cells Tissues Organs 2005, 179(1-2):11-23 Borthwick LA, Parker SM, Brougham KA, Johnson GE, Gorowiec MR, Ward C, Lordan JL, Corris PA, Kirby ... Immunofluorescent staining for E-cadherin in BEAS-2B cells stimulated with TGFβ1 (5 ng/ml) for days or complete medium alone The left panel shows only the E-cadherin fluorescence (pseudocolor green) ... even aggressive anti-inflammatory therapy with corticosteroids does not appear to fully prevent remodeling and these long term effects [3] It is important, therefore, to understand both the processes...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 14:20

... Acknowledgements This work was supported in part by Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (S) (to MT) and (C) (to SK) from Japanese Society for Promotion of Science (JSPS) and for Exploratory Research (to ... follows: for human ccn4 ⁄ wisp1 and human alp cDNA, 95 °C (1 min) for cycle, followed by 95 °C (1 s), 59 °C (1 s), 72 °C (30 s) for 50 cycles, and a melting process from 50 to 95 °C for min, for rabbit ... (30 s) for cycle, followed by 94 °C (5 s), 65 °C (0 s), 72 °C (60 s) for 45 cycles, and melting process from 50 °C to 95 °C for Each amplification reaction was performed and checked for absence...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 10:20

... then stimulated with PMA (10)7 m) or TGF-b1 (2 or ngÆmL)1) in the presence or absence of HDAC inhibitors, prior to harvest Harvest and assay for luciferase were according to manufacturer’s instructions ... proteins were isolated from cells stimulated for either or h with TGF-b1 or PMA, with or without TSA In an electrophoretic mobility-shift assay (EMSA), AP-1 factors could be seen to bind a 30 bp sequence ... serum starved for 24 h, then stimulated with 10)7 M PMA or ngÆmL)1 TGF-b1 in the presence or absence of 250 ngÆmL)1 trichostatin A (TSA) for h before the isolation of total RNA qRT-PCR for AP-1 members...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 18:20

... following program: 95°C for 15 s, and 40 cycles of 95°C for s and 60°C for 30 s Following PCR ampli- A lentiviral vector expressing short hairpin RNA (shRNA) specific for rat CD36 (Lv-shCD36) ... protein (GFP) by fluorescence microscopy, AMs were collected for real-time PCR analysis The BALF supernatant was centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 10 at 4°C, and stored at -80°C for later determination ... Rifkin DB, Murphy-Ullrich JE: Latent Transforming Growth Factor-{beta}-binding Protein-4 Regulates Transforming Growth Factor-{beta}1 Bioavailability for Activation by Fibrogenic Lung Fibroblasts...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 14:20

... Studies have reported N-terminus is very important for the biological activity of GLP-1, and for globular adiponectin, the C-terminus is important [2, 5, 14] Thus, http://www.medsci.org Int J Med ... GenScript Corporation (USA) BCA Protein Assay Kit was purchased from Beyotime Institute of Biotechnology (Jiangshu, China) Construction of recombinant vector PET28a-gAd-GLP-1-A Recombinant vector PET28a-gAd-GLP-1-A ... precursor of GLP-1, is cleaved from proglucagon, and the first six amino acids are subsequently removed from the N terminus to form bioactive peptides [4] The principal biologically active forms...

Ngày tải lên: 25/10/2012, 11:10

... sophisticated regulatory network, providing discriminatory effects in signal transduction pathways initiated by diverse stimulatory factors Much effort has been made recently to uncover those networks, because ... NF-jB signalling pathway, EMSA was performed HepG2 cells were transfected either with the construct coding for MCPIP, or with an empty vector, and stimulated for 40 with 60 UÆmL)1 of IL-1b Alternatively, ... our model, HepG2 cells were transfected with a vector encoding MCPIP or treated with siRNA specific for MCPIP Cells were then stimulated with IL-1b and the expression of transcripts coding for...

Ngày tải lên: 29/03/2014, 22:21

... sham pellets or to unoperated controls (p

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 22:20

... nuclear factor κB; P, phosphorylated; PACT, PKR-activating protein; PKR, protein kinase R; TIMP, tissue inhibitors of MMP; TNF, tumour necrosis factor; TNF-R55, tumour necrosis factor receptor-55 Conclusion ... corresponding increase in their inhibitors, would shift the balance of homeostasis towards matrix catabolism AP-1, activator protein-1; eIF2α, eukaryotic initiation factor 2α; IκBα, inhibitor ... with TNF-α or C2-ceramide for 24 hours Medium was collected 24 hours after treatment of explants with 100 ng/ml TNF-α or 50 µM C2-ceramide in the presence or absence of the PKR inhibitor 2-AP (10...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 01:23

... the difference in Ct values for the mean calibrator or sample for the target gene ΔCtReferencerepresents the difference in Ct values for the mean calibrator or sample for the reference gene GAPDH ... nitrogen and stored at 80°C before extraction of mRNA The corresponding media were stored at -20°C before biochemical analysis Application of dynamic compression A fully characterised bioreactor system ... activation step at 95°C for 10 minutes, fol- lowed by 35 cycles at 95°C for 30 seconds, at 55°C for minute and at 72°C for minute In order to screen for contamination of reagents or false amplification,...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 10:23

... TRAF, tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor; TTRAP, tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor and tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated protein National Center for Biotechnology ... receptor (tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily)-interacting serine-threonine kinase and 2; TNFAIP, tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced protein; TNFR, tumor necrosis factor receptor; TNFRSF, ... receptor; TNFRSF, tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily; TNFRSF12, WSL-1-like protein; TNFRSF22, tumor necrosis factor receptor family member SOBa mRNA; TNFSF, tumor necrosis factor (ligand) superfamily;...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 14:22

... the plantaris muscle were cut at 14 or μm for analyses of CSA or MHC isoform determination, respectively All incubations were performed at room temperature For CSA determination, plantaris sections ... California) The reverse transcription reaction was incubated at 65°C for 10 min, 80°C for min, and 42°C for 60 RT-PCR products were analyzed using the iCycler iQ system (Biorad, Hercules, California) ... slides, processed for hematoxylin and eosin staining, dehydrated and mounted For MHC isoform determination, sections were processed for immunohistochemical detection of slow or fast MHC protein...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 05:21

... Molecular Cloning: a Laboratory Manual Cold Spring Harbor: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press; 2001 36 Remans T, Smeets K, Opdenakker K, Mathijsen D, Vangronsveld J, Cuypers A: Normalisation of real-time ... analyses were performed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences v 15.0 16 17 Acknowledgements We thank J Chu for assistance in editing this manuscript and S.W Tong for technical supports C Lo kindly ... S.S.-M.S.) Author details State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, PR China 2State key Laboratory of Rice...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 11:21

... [3H]thymidine incorporation in NHLF in response to tissue culture media with 2% FBS in the presence of ng/ml TGF-β1 or 100 ng/ml BMP-4 or BMP-7 alone or with TGF-β1 in the presence of BMP-4 or BMP-7 for 36 ... BMP-4 NHLF were stimulated with ng/ml TGF-β1 or 100 ng/ml BMP-4 or BMP-7 alone, or with TGF-β1 in the presence of BMP-4 or BMP-7 for 24 h (A and B) or 72 h (C) Cells were harvested, RNA was extracted, ... BMP-4 NHLF were stimulated with ng/ml TGF-β1 or 100 ng/ ml BMP-4 or BMP-7 alone or with TGF-β1 in the presence of BMP-4 or BMP-7 for 24 h (A and B) or 48 h (C and D) Cells were harvested, RNA...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 11:22

... Transfection and Reporter assay HeLa cells were co-transfected with pMIR-REPORT (luc or luc-nef), pMIR-REPORT β-gal and varying concentrations of LNA-modified anti-miR-29a or -29b using siPORT NeoFX transfection ... expression vector was a kind gift of Prof Warner Greene, USA This work was supported by funding from Council for Scientific and Industrial Research MH was supported by a fellowship from Council for Scientific ... MCS (3'UTR) of pMIR-REPORT™ Luciferase vector was co-transfected into HeLa cells along with pMIRREPORT™ β-gal vector After 24 h, luciferase activity was measured and normalized to beta-galactosidase...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 05:21

... levels are represented by box plots in a log scale BI indicates the baseline before infection (n = 42 corresponding to time points for each of the animals) and the following boxes present the gene ... pathogenic SIVmac251 and non-pathogenic SIVagm.sab infections: more towards inflammatory responses in the former and more towards anti-inflammatory responses in the latter Our data on Smads suggest that ... which are the major established intracellular effectors of the TGF-β1 signaling pathway [16] They comprise three subgroups: receptor-regulated Smads, common Smads and inhibitory Smads We measured...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 09:20

... show that MCPIP has more inflammatory targets than described so far, and that this protein is an important regulator of inflammatory processes Results Influence of proinflammatory cytokines on MCPIP ... transfected with siRNA specific either for MCPIP (50 nM) or GAPDH (50 nM), or with nonspecific siRNA (negative control, 50 nM) The transfection efficiency observed for carboxyfluorescein (FAM)-labeled scrambled ... MCPIP mRNA level for both forms (Fig 5A, lanes and 6, upper bands) Moreover, in a co-transfection study with the IL-1b-expressing vector, the level of mRNA for the mutant form of MCPIP was higher...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 14:20

... fusion proteins for transduction into non-fixed or fixed astrocytes The intracellular distribution of the PEP-1–HSP27 fluorescence signal for non-fixed cells was similar to that for fixed cells Under ... the culture medium for 10–60 or 0.5–3 lM PEP-1– HSP27 was added to the culture medium for h (C) Cells pretreated with lM PEP-1–HSP27 were incubated for 1–24 h Analysis was performed by western blotting ... provide a new strategy for protecting against cell destruction resulting from ischemic damage, and therefore may provide an opportunity for development of therapeutic agents for the treatment of...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 17:20

... palmitic acid for 16 h Western blotting analysis was performed for the Adfp protein with 10 lg of total protein extracts The Gapdh protein signal was used for normalization Reported values are ... transporter to the cell membrane is the full activation of Akt ⁄ protein kinase B by the phosphorylation of serine residue 473 [6] Western blotting was performed for total Akt and phosphorylated ... 200 and 400 lM palmitic acid or oleic acid for 16 h Western blotting analysis was performed with 10 lg of total protein extracts The Gapdh protein signal was used for normalization (B) Cellular...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 09:22

... mTOR inhibitor Furthermore, co-immunoprecipitation with either TSC1 or TSC2 revealed that IGF-1 stimulation or inhibitor treatment did not alter the complex formation between TSC1 and TSC2, or ... Treatment with mTOR inhibitor rapamycin did not affect upstream Akt phosphorylation, nor branches of this pathway (PRAS40 and GSK3), but did block the phosphorylation of downstream mTOR effectors, including ... provides supporting information supplied by the authors Such materials are peer-reviewed and may be re-organized for online delivery, but are not copy-edited or typeset Technical support issues...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 11:20