application to translating multiterms

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 20:20

... knowledge and thought to bear on it. The central purpose of systems analysis is to help public and private decision and policy makers to understand the problem better, so to better manage the ... associates with the answers of the expert i, to a certain set of questions related to an objective variable; x i is the ranking of a factor/process with regard to its relatively influential importance, ... million tonnes. Together with the sediment load, the Jeneberang carries nutrients and freshwater towards the sea, resulting in a higher nutrient level and lower salinity near the shore, compared to...

Ngày tải lên: 06/11/2012, 10:35

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 09:38

... found to be useful for application in the PSS research area. CONCLUSIONS 13 The overview of tools for measuring customer satisfaction excluded practical advice on how to develop these tools ... prefer to buy a product instead of leasing it or sharing. The mains reasons to this behaviour are the desire to own things and to have the possibility to use them anytime. When it comes to reasons ... instrumental: how to translate these attributes into tools, which could be used for collection and analysis of data. Translating the identified PSS attributes into information collection tools is an...

Ngày tải lên: 04/11/2013, 10:15

Ngày tải lên: 20/12/2013, 18:33

Ngày tải lên: 03/01/2014, 19:37

... occurrences to accurately estimate pos- itive or negative adaptation. We measure the distribution of rule use to ex- plore if negatively adapted rules owe more to fre- quency effects or to sparse ... plot- ting histograms of the distance between subse- quent rule uses. The basic premise is to look for evidence of an early peak or skew, which sug- gests rule re-use. To ensure that the histogram it- self ... copying account is correct, then we would ex- pect parallelism effects to be restricted to coordi- nate structures and not to apply in other contexts. This paper presents a parsing model which...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 12:20

... computes an update to the weight vector based on the current example. The resulting weight vector tends to be overfit to the last few examples; one way to reduce overfitting is to use the average of ... incorrect link. Since the history-based feature set used in the parsing algorithm makes it impossible to use inde- pendence to factorize the scoring function, an exact search to find the best-scoring ... tuned automatically (Tipping, 2001), and a possible extension to our work could be to adapt those models to the multinomial and cost- sensitive setting. We applied the learning models to three...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 12:20

... layouts to extract fragments de- scribing the term. They also use a language model to discard non-linguistic fragments. In addition, a clus- tering method is used to divide descriptions into a spe- cific ... related to technical terms collected from the Class II exami- nation in the autumn of 1999. The objective here is not only to evaluate the perfor- mance of our QA system itself, but also to evaluate ... a number of methods have been proposed to generate word senses (for example, one based on the vector space model (Sch¨utze, 1998)), it is still difficult to accurately identify word senses without...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 18:20

... AUTOMATIC SPEECH RECOGNITION AND ITS APPLICATION TO INFORMATION EXTRACTION Sadaoki Furui Department of Computer Science Tokyo institute of Technology 2-12-1, Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, ... systems to impose few restrictions on tasks and vocabulary. To solve these problems, it is essential to develop automatic adaptation techniques. Extraction and normalization of. (adaptation to) ... technology. Applications of speech recognition technology can be classified into two main areas, dictation and human-computer dialogue systems. In the dictation domain, the automatic broadcast...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 18:20

Ngày tải lên: 05/03/2014, 16:20

... with hedonic pricing. In order to get good results, one must take into account all explanatory variables of housing prices. But the inclu- sion of too many explanatory variables will raise the ... em- ployees want higher wages to compensate for higher risk and em- ployers want to see lower wages to compensate for expenditure on higher safety. This leads to a bargaining process resulting ... Belgium additiond to Sofia Pmtoml) 0.1826 Reductionof HCemissbns bf 30% w.r.L 1987 [Geneva Pmtoml) 0.013 Reduction of S02 emissions by 30% wr.t 1980 1 1 (Helsinki Pmtoml) CITY HIGHWAY...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 11:20

... oxidative p entose phosphate pathway had to be reversed to maintain the target fluxes. Then, the NADPH needed to drive the reactions of the o xidative pathway into a backwards direction and to form ... upper threshold restricting v 1 to v alues close to 1.51 m M Æh )1 .Uptothevalueofv 1 ¼ 2.98 m M Æh )1 ,all strongly exergonic reactions [hexokinase (HK), phospho- fructokinase (PFK), pyruvate kinase ... attribute fluxes to those being most favourable from the t hermo- dynamic viewpoint, whereas the others are disabled. This may lead to a wrong evaluation of flux rates owing to the presence of unknown regulatory...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 15:20

... somewhat analogous to the formation of ontological relations between con- cepts of a given domain, where in our case the nodes correspond to propositional templates rather than to concepts. 3 Exploration ... concept-based exploration to proposition-based exploration. Our model combines the textual entailment paradigm within the exploration process, with application to the health-care domain. According to our model, ... Background 2.1 Exploratory Search Exploratory search addresses the need of users to quickly identify the important pieces of information in a target set of documents. In exploratory search, users...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 18:20

... resorting to heuris- tics such as minimality of rules, and leading to 1 Throughout the paper we will use the word STSG to re- fer to the tree -to- tree version of the formalism, although the string -to- tree ... rule c → e, and K is the total number of ways to rewrite c, we now take into account our DP(α c , P 0 (· | c)) prior in (1), which, when truncated to a finite grammar, reduces to a K-dimensional Dirichlet ... sampling procedure is prone to local modes. In order to counteract this and to improve mixing we used simulated annealing. The probability mass function (5-7) was raised to the power 1/T with T dropping...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 22:20

... is a penal- ization to be attributed to each such pair; and Z is a normalization factor (equal to the number of pairs that are ordered in the gold standard) whose aim is to make the range of ... an e vector (dubbed e4) in which the score assigned to a synset is propor- tional to the positivity (negativity) score assigned to it by SentiWordNet, and in which all entries sum up to 1. In ... attention to POS. See (Cerini et al., 2007) for more details. The corpus is divided into three parts: • Common: 110 synsets which all the evaluators evaluated by working together, so as to align their...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 02:21

... results of e-bunsetsu-segmentation: , hitoh.a/kigqkikunikositagotol, taarimasen (there is nothing like being watchful) hitohdv'Mga/Idkimi/ko3itcv;kotoha/arimasen In the above examples, ... its evaluation by the cost. 3.1 Prototype System A We first developed a prototype Kana -to- Kanji con- version system which we call System A, revising Kana -to- Kanji conversion software on the ... collocations which are used in our Kana -to- Kanji conversion system consist of two kinds: (1) idiomatic expressions, whose meanings seem to be difficult to compose from the typical meaning of...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 05:21

... Graphs, and Its Application to Webcasting Naohiko Uramoto and Koichi Takeda IBM Research, Tokyo Research Laboratory 1623-14 Shimo-tsuruma, Yamato-shi, Kanagawa-ken 242 Japan { uramoto, takeda ... reader to group all the messages on a particular topic. However, it is difficult to capture the story of the thread from its thread structure, since appropri- ate titles are not added to the ... a label (title) is attached to each posted mes- sage, specifying whether it deals with a new topic or is a reply to a previous message. A chain of articles on a topic is called a thread. In...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 06:20

... Typed Feature Structures Gerald Penn Department of Computer Science University of Toronto 10 King's College Rd. Toronto M5S 3G4, Canada Abstract This paper presents a new formalization of a unification- ... chain of length from to noun. Point- ers to arrays and logical terms can only monoton- ically “refine” their (syntactic) type from unbound (for logical terms, variables) to bound. Second, al- though ... unused after recursion would be incorrect — we would need to look in a table to see what value to assign it. An alternative would be to place that value in the frames for a and b from the beginning....

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 07:20

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 08:20