an introduction to the theory of optimizing compilers

... if their first digits are the same in base n .The theory of quadratic residues is concerned with the first digits of the squares. Of particular interest is the case where the base is a prime, and ... composition a number called the weight,which is the product of the summands. We shall determine the sum w(n)ofthe weights of the compositions of n. The generating function of w(n)is ∞  n=1 w(n)x n = ∞  m=1 (x ... 2 exactly to the second power. If we assume the second of these possibilities then (11) can be put in the form m +1 2p +1≡ 0 (mod p). (12) We multiply together all the congruences of the type...

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 16:21

Ngày tải lên: 12/05/2014, 03:28

Ngày tải lên: 31/05/2014, 00:15

Ngày tải lên: 11/06/2014, 12:56

Ngày tải lên: 12/06/2014, 16:17

Ngày tải lên: 12/06/2014, 16:18

Ngày tải lên: 30/06/2014, 07:33

Ngày tải lên: 04/08/2014, 22:25

... Contentsviii 4Mentalcontent69 Propositions70 Thecausalrelevanceofcontent74 Theindividuationofcontent79 Externalisminthephilosophyofmind82 Broadversusnarrowcontent84 Content,representationandcausality89 Misrepresentationandnormality92 Theteleologicalapproachtorepresentation95 Objectionstoateleologicalaccountofmentalcontent99 Conclusions100 5Sensationandappearance102 Appearanceandreality103 Sense-datumtheoriesandtheargumentfromillusion107 Otherargumentsforsense-data110 Objectionstosense-datumtheories112 Theadverbialtheoryofsensation114 Theadverbialtheoryandsense-data116 Primaryandsecondaryqualities119 Sense-datumtheoriesandtheprimary/secondarydistinction121 Anadverbialversionoftheprimary/secondarydistinction125 Docolour-propertiesreallyexist?126 Conclusions128 6Perception130 Perceptualexperienceandperceptualcontent131 Perceptualcontent,appearanceandqualia135 Perceptionandcausation137 Objectionstocausaltheoriesofperception143 Thedisjunctive theoryofperception 145 Thecomputationalandecologicalapproachestoperception149 Consciousness,experienceand‘blindsight’155 Conclusions158 7Thoughtandlanguage160 Modesofmentalrepresentation162 The languageofthought’hypothesis164 Analogueversusdigitalrepresentation167 Imaginationandmentalimagery169 Thoughtandcommunication175 Doanimalsthink?178 Naturallanguageandconceptualschemes183 ... concep- tion of the whole of reality, we cannot hope to render compat- ible the theories and observations of the various different sciences: and providing that conception is not the task of any one of ... partisan, in the sense of espousing an exclusive approach to questions about the mind in general – An introduction to the philosophy of mind34 is debatable whether, whenever one event causes another, there...

Ngày tải lên: 21/09/2012, 10:39

... the whole of reality, we cannot hope to render compat- ible the theories and observations of the various different sciences: and providing that conception is not the task of any one of those sciences, ... point of these remarks is to emphasise there cannot be progress either in the philosophy of mind or in empirical psychology if metaphysics is ignored or abandoned. The methods and findings of empirical ... broad sense to embrace any kind of sensation, perception or thought. This agreed, we can say that the philosophy of mind is the philosophical study of subjects of experience – what they are, how they can...

Ngày tải lên: 01/11/2013, 07:20

... causes the monkey to make the call: and yet we want to say that what the call represents is only one of these causes – the presence of an eagle. A teleological theory of representation can explain ... whether An introduction to the philosophy of mind82 content of John’s belief that snow is white. It would be wrong for us – and wrong for John – to say that the inhabitants of the distant planet ... teleological theory of representation over the causal theory may encourage us to try to extend it to the case of mental representation, that is, to the attitudinal states of subjects of experience....

Ngày tải lên: 01/11/2013, 07:20

... machinery. But rejection of any type–type theory of mental and physical states is consistent with acceptance of a token–token theory, that is, a theory according to which any token mental state, such ... experience the tang of lemon, the whiff of woodsmoke, the colour of ripe tomatoes, or the sting of a nettle. And the issue raised here by the absent qualia argu- ment is whether the existence of such ... friends of functionalism may want to respond to this argument, other than by resorting to an outright denial of the existence of ‘qualia’ altogether. 8 Some may contend that the hypothesis of spec- trum...

Ngày tải lên: 01/11/2013, 07:20

... relative to one another – things such as the colour and shape of the tree and of the house, the intervening ground between them, the sky behind them, and other objects in their vicinity (together ... causal theory – the disjunctive theory – but concluded that it does not have any significant advantages over the causal theory and has, besides, certain disadvantages. Then we went on to discuss the ... properly belongs to a philosophical analysis of the concept of perception and what properly belongs to an empir- ical theory of perception of the sort that is more appropri- ately advanced and evaluated...

Ngày tải lên: 01/11/2013, 07:20

... of difference Hypothesis of cause Introduction At the turn of the twentieth century, the best known of all dream investigators would be Sigmund Freud, who set out to base his theory of the ... developed and strengthened over the past SO years. In the process, the book offers the reader a unique opportunity to reconsider his or her own dream theory and, into the bargain, to learn about the ... that changes the whole mode of operation of the brain and the mind. As we see in Chapters 4 and 5, this change in mode is affected 11 Why did the analysis of dream content fail to become...

Ngày tải lên: 24/01/2014, 08:20

... THE GERMAN INVASIONS AND THE BREAK-UP OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE The Huns force the Goths into the Empire. Battle of Adrianople, 378. 9. Previous to the year 375 the attempts of the Germans to penetrate ... Europe than any of the other German races. Besides the kingdoms of the East Goths and the Franks, the West Goths had their kingdom in Spain, the Burgundians had established themselves on the Rhone, ... volume of the chief changes in western Europe since the German barbarians overcame the armies of the Roman Empire and set up states of their own, out of which the present countries of France,...

Ngày tải lên: 16/02/2014, 23:20

... of such effects to be sure the results of analysis are useful. On the other hand, in some cases, analysis of an algo- rithm can help identify ways for it to take full advantage of the programming environment. Occasionally, ... probability theory tells us that other facts about the distribution Nk of costs are also relevant to our understanding of performance characteristics of an algorithm. Fortunately, for virtually all of the ... accurate to within O N −3 or indeed to within O N −k for any constant k. Such approximations, called asymptotic expansions, are at the heart of the analysis of algorithms, and are the subject of Chapter...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 20:20

... their hope of enjoying some of the advantages of their civilized neighbors, or the need of new lands for their increasing numbers. And the Romans, by means of their armies, their walls, and their ... than any of the other German races. Besides the kingdoms of the East Goths and the Franks, the West Goths had their kingdom in Spain, the Burgundians had established themselves on the Rhone, and ... volume of the chief changes in western Europe since the German barbarians overcame the armies of the Roman Empire and set up states of their own, out of which the present countries of France, Germany,...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 02:20

... Earth, the velocity of the Earth round the Sun and the Solar System around the centre of the Galaxy, in addition to any velocity of the star. The rotational velocity of the Galaxy makes the largest ... systematically to the red or to the blue by an amount that depends on the velocity of the observed star relative to the Earth. The overall relative velocity is the sum of the rotational velocity of the ... programme of cosmology is the same as that of any other branch of physics: to explore the known laws of physics to their limits. 2.8 The evolving Universe The most surprising aspect of the night...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 13:34

... con- sists of guesses, of hypotheses, rather than of final and certain truths; and that criticism and critical discussion are our only means of getting nearer to the truth. It thus leads to the tradition ... tends to separate them. When the mixture of elements and forces is just right, parts of animals and humans form and combine into almost all possible arrangements. Only a limited number of the random arrangements ... that the gods are born, and have clothes and speech and shape like their own. . . . But if cows and horses or lions had hands [and] could draw with their hands and make the things men can make, then...

Ngày tải lên: 29/03/2014, 04:20

... into an alliance, momentous for the history of Europe. In order to understand this we must glance at the motives which led the popes to throw off their allegiance to their ancient sovereigns, the ... interest of the treaty of Verdun lies in the tolerably definite appearance of a western and an eastern Frankish kingdom, one of which was to become France and the other Germany. In the kingdom of Charles ... Germans to penetrate into the Empire appear to have been due to their love of adventure, their hope of enjoying some of the advantages of their civilized neighbors, or the need of new lands for their...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 23:20