an introduction to semantics and pragmatics

... disappears and the SA and TP stages can be merged into a single SA stage Finally, if there are no command inputs, then the CI Stage disappears and the TP and RS stages can be merged into a single RS ... in Systems and Organizations, A P Sage, Ed., Oxford: Pergamon Books Ltd., 1988 J.-M Monguillet and A H Levis, “Modeling and evaluation of variable structure command and control organizations," ... presented and used to model and design systems that have to meet stringent structural requirements The formalism of Petri Nets and Colored Petri Nets is used to depict intelligent nodes and the

Ngày tải lên: 07/11/2013, 09:15

... in planning theory can be found in Trang 7 3 ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE PLANNING AND CONTROL THEORY: ANALOGY AND RELATIONSHIPS Relationships and an extensive analogy between AI planning and control ... fundamental to all issues and techniques in AI planning It refers to the methods used to model the problem domain and the planner and it sets the framework and restrictions on the planning system ... actions transfers the state from xọ=”object lin position 3 and object 2 in position 7 and manipulator in position 5" to x7="object 1 in position 5 and object 2 in position 10 and manipulator

Ngày tải lên: 14/12/2013, 12:15

... relates to the theory of learning automata originated by the work of Tsetlin [36] and further developed by the work of Narendra and Thathachar (25], Narendra and Lakshmivarahan [24], and Mendel and ... Decision and Control, Hawaii, December 1990 [19] R Langari and H.R Berenji Fuzzy logic in control engineering In David White and Donald Sofege, editors, Handbook of Intelligent Control Van Nostrand, ... G.H Bower, and E.J Crothers An introduction to mathematical learning theory Weily, New York, 1965 [4] A G Barto, R S Sutton, and C W Anderson Neuronlike adap- tive elements that can solve difficult

Ngày tải lên: 14/12/2013, 12:15

... range of operating conditions This objective can be difficult to achieve due to a number of circumstances including the complexity of both the plant and the performance objectives, and due to ... designed to have and to exploit this capability In this context, the control system can be viewed as a (generally nonlinear) mapping from plant outputs to actuation com- mands so as to achieve ... it is returning to an operating condition it has encountered and successfully adapted to be- fore Trang 5 dy-namical plant, based on closed-loop interactions with the plant (and its environment)

Ngày tải lên: 14/12/2013, 12:15

... [11] P J Antsaklis and K M Passino Introduction to intelligent con- trol systems with high degrees of autonomy In K M Passino and P J Antsaklis, editors, Introduction to Intelligent and Autonomous ... Dale and D Michie, editors, Machine Intelligence 2, pages — Oliver and Boyd, 1968 [26] E Grant Learning in control In K M Passino and P J Antsaklis, editors, Introduction to Intelligent and Autonomous ... [EEE Transactions on Automatic Control, 30:881-889, 1985 J Farrell and W Baker Learning control systems In K M Passino and P J Antsaklis, editors, Introduction to Intelligent and Au- tonomous

Ngày tải lên: 14/12/2013, 12:15

... postal parcels Ad- vanced Imaging, (No 2):pp 44, Feb 1991 R O Duda, D Nitzan, and P Barrett Use of range and reflectance data to find planar surfaces JEEE Trans on Pattern Analysis and Mach Intell, ... con- trollers and a set of diverse visual and non visual sensors The intelli- gent, adaptive and autonomous behaviour of an MRS depends heavily on its ability to perceive and respond to the dynamic ... for objects with planar [13] and quadratic surfaces [14]) and, iv) fusion of images derived from multiple views [15], and multiple sensors (stereo analysis of intensity and range images [16])

Ngày tải lên: 14/12/2013, 12:15

... machine tools, robots, inspection machines, materials transport devices, and part and tool buffers Plans are developed and commands are issued to equipment to operate on material, tools, and fixtures ... decisions, and control action Higher levels of intelligence require the abilities to recognize Objects and events, store and use knowledge about the world, and to rea- son about and plan for the ... names and at- tributes of orders and the inventory of tools and materials required to fill them Maps describe the location of, and routing between, manufacturing cells Level 6—Cell Trang 7

Ngày tải lên: 26/01/2014, 07:20

... process manager and Intech Open Access publisher for their efforts in the publishing process. Many thanks also to my family and families of all other collaborators for their patience and acceptance ... Arun Nagarajan and Pintu Paul Part 3 Applications in Drug Delivery and Vaccines 113 Chapter 5 Nonionic Model Microemulsions to Study Interactions with Active Components and Antioxidant Activity ... microstructure and state of water in nano-droplets and … with high-resolution ultrasonic measurements. The third Chapter of the book by Dr Cid and co-authors deals with the effect of changing the size and

Ngày tải lên: 28/06/2014, 17:20

... R 3 and θ is the angle between the two vectors. We recall that a norm has three main characteristics for any two bounded vectors u and v (||u|| < ∞ and ||v|| < ∞): • ||u|| > 0, and ||u|| ... ✐ ✐ [...]... Oden and Pires [154], Martins and Oden [147], Kikuchi and Oden [ 123 ], Klarbring [ 125 ], Tuzun and Walton [196], or Cho and Barber [ 42] Remark One can determine the coefficient ... and Babúska [185], and Zienkiewicz and Taylor [20 7] For work specifically focusing on the continuum mechanics of particles, see Zohdi and Wriggers [21 6] For a detailed numerical analysis

Ngày tải lên: 06/08/2014, 01:21

... 12 Y 14 0 16 Figure 6.6 Top to bottom and left to right, the swarm starts to oscillate slightly around the target and then begins to home in on the target and concentrate itself... ... the relative distance between individuals, are commonplace. For reviews, see Gazi and Passino [75], Bender and Fenton [25], or Kennedy and Eberhart [120]. The field is quite large and encom- passes ... .4 Top to bottom and left to right, the swarm (128 swarm members) bunches up and moves through the obstacle fence, under the center obstacle, unharmed (centered at (5, 0, 0)), and

Ngày tải lên: 06/08/2014, 01:21

... Tallec and Mouro [131], Zohdi [208], [209], and the extensive works of Farhat and coworkers (Piperno et al. [163], Farhat et al. [65], Lesoinne and Farhat [130], Farhat and Lesoinne [66], Piperno and ... size of t lim = 10−2 s and a starting time step size of 10−3 s The tolerances of both fields (TOLr and TOLθ ) for the fixed-point iterations were set to 10−6 and the upper limit on ... IF TOLERANCE MET (Z K ≤ 1) AND K<K d , THEN (a) INCREMENT TIME: t = t + t; (b) CONSTRUCT NEW TIME STEP: t =  K t; (c) SELECT MINIMUM: t = min(t lim ,t )AND GO TO (1); (6) IF TOLERANCE

Ngày tải lên: 06/08/2014, 01:21

... w1 TOLr + w2 TOLθ + w3 TOLrf + w4 TOLθf ; w1 + w 2 + w 3 + w 4  1  TOLtot = (c) K  = def TOLtot Etot,0 Etot,K Etot,0 pKd 1 pK  ; (5) IF TOLERANCE MET (Etot,K ≤ 1) AND K < Kd... = TOL, ... applications, and energy release due to mechanical straining... TIME STEP: (c) SELECT MINIMUM t = min( t t= lim K t; , t) AND GO TO (0); (6) IF TOLERANCE NOT MET (Etot,K > TOL) AND K = Kd ... FORCE (N) TIME TOTAL X NORMAL FORCE TOTAL Y NORMAL FORCE TOTAL Z NORMAL FORCE TOTAL X TANGENTIAL FORCE TOTAL Y TANGENTIAL FORCE TOTAL Z TANGENTIAL FORCE Figure 7.15. The total force (and corresponding

Ngày tải lên: 06/08/2014, 01:21

... scatterers 115 Figure 9.6. Top to bottom and left to right, the progressive movement of rays making up a beam (L = 0.325 and ˆn = 10). The lengths of the vectors indicate the irradiance (Zohdi [219]). ... 9.15 Continuing Figure 9.14, top to bottom and left to right, the... m/◦ K and 103 kg/m3 = 3 ρ − ≤ ρ ≤ ρ + = 2 × 103 kg/m3 ✐ ✐ ✐ ✐ ✐ ✐ ✐ 9 .8 Parametrization and a genetic algorithm 05 ... of change of the sum of the kinetic energy (K) and stored energy (S) to be equal to the sum of the work rate (power, P) and the net heat supplied (H): d dt (K + S) = P +H, (9.47) where the stored

Ngày tải lên: 06/08/2014, 01:21

... and averaged over a one minute interval Wavelengths were varied from 200 to 800 nm as indicated and specific measurements... [86], Bohren and Huffman [33], Elmore and Heald [63], and ... [72], Shah [174], van der Wal and Becker [197], Chyu and Shah [46], and Libby [134], [135], Libby et al. [136], Libby and Aikawa [137], Richardson et al. [169], Loree et al. [141], and Davies et al. ... Lyrids, Peresids, and Andromedids, which are named for the constellations from which they appear to emanate. Such debris may lead not only to mechanical damage to the satellites but also to instrumentation

Ngày tải lên: 06/08/2014, 01:21

... hereditary spherocytosis and hereditary elliptocytosis (Eber and Lux [62] and Gallagher [73], [74]). Changes in membrane and cytosolic proteins may affect the state of hydration of the cell and thereby ... B., and Nohguchi, Y 1993 Two-dimensional spreading of a granular avalanche down an inclined plane Part I: Theory Acta Mechanica,... Duran, J 1997 Sands, Powders and Grains An Introduction ... behavior under fluid shear stress and response to osmolality changes is essential for normal function and survival. The ability to predict and measure the shape and deformation of individual RBCs

Ngày tải lên: 06/08/2014, 01:21

... the ad to read more An Introduction to Business and Business Planning 4 Contents Contents Note to Instructors 10 Foreword 11 Acknowledgments 12 Introduction 13 1 An Introduction to Business ... Dewhurst An Introduction to Business and Business Planning Download free books at Download free eBooks at bookboon.com 2 Dr. Jay A. Dewhurst An Introduction to Business and Business Planning ... technologies and new markets provide both opportunities and challenges. An environment in which your expertise is in high demand. Enjoy the supportive working atmosphere within our global group and

Ngày tải lên: 05/11/2014, 22:30

... factoring and is only... contract They can choose credit insurance plus bank financing and so refuse factoring A factoring company can have a credit insurance policy in order to provide ... the historical background of factoring and see how it has developed into the range of services which factors can offer today Definition of factoring We shall then define factoring and analyse ... own particular language, customs, financial and business needs and law Each factoring company has different names for certain types of factoring and often different types of factoring under the

Ngày tải lên: 28/10/2015, 13:55

... types of marine insurance: P&I AN INTRODUCTION TO MARINE PROTECTION & INDEMNITY INSURANCE HULL & MACHINERY CARGO / HULL AND MACHINERY INSURANCE Hull and machinery insurance is to protect the shipowner’s ... inflicted to own ship and sometimes also liability towards the owners of the other object (FFO) (Check conditions!) Check procedures how to handle an emergency – whom to contact AN INTRODUCTION TO MARINE ... and agreed under the terms of an international set of rules referred to as the York/Antwerp Rules AN INTRODUCTION TO MARINE PROTECTION & INDEMNITY INSURANCE Skuld Rule 17 “The standard insurance

Ngày tải lên: 13/07/2016, 23:00

... and computations to prepare and analyse financial information © The McGraw-Hill Companies, 2010 AUDITING Analytical and logical skills Much more conceptual in nature The Demand for Auditing and ... Logic, Reasoning, and Resourcefulness An auditor needs to understand more than just the accounting concepts and techniques Auditing is a fundamentally logical process of thinking and reasoning – ... Assurance The development of the corporate form of business and the expanding world economy over the last 200 years have given rise to an explosion in the demand for assurance provided by auditors

Ngày tải lên: 15/05/2017, 08:06

... Files?  Files allow you to store data permanently!  Data output to a file lasts after the program ends  An input file can be used over and over  No typing of data again and again for testing  Create ... thought of as the file it is connected to  Can have its value changed  Changing a stream value means disconnecting from one file and connecting to another Slide 6- 29 Copyright â 2007 Pearson ... Publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley cin And cout Streams  cin  Input stream connected to the keyboard  cout  Output stream connected to the screen  cin and cout defined in the iostream library  Use...

Ngày tải lên: 12/09/2012, 22:49