an application to the s amp p 500 index

... as discussed above The variable loan outputs are measured gross of allowances for expected losses The variable securities output is measured as gross total assets less loans and physical capital; ... robustness checks for the hypothesis tests For expositional convenience, we first discuss all of the tests and robustness checks for the agency costs hypothesis, using equation (5) to test the effects ... organized as follows Section discusses issues of measuring performance, reverse causality, and the use of ownership structure in tests of the agency costs of capital structure Section specifies the simultaneous...

Ngày tải lên: 13/07/2014, 21:13

... San Diego, Calif) by inputting sequence containing the SNP site and 100 bp of flanking sequence on either side of the SNP Assays were genotyped using the Sequenom MassArray MALDI-TOF mass spectrometer ... All participants provided written informed consents and the study protocol was approved by the institutions By 2006, only did a small proportion of participants remain in the cohort, as many participants ... random with replacement from the observed data The program generates B bootstrap samples from hypotheses M and obtains M × B samples or M × B matrix of test statistics Then, based on the M × B matrix...

Ngày tải lên: 17/02/2014, 22:20

... human pollutants (e.g Schistosoma mansoni and faecal coliforms) as it flows through highly populous areas These pollutants carry significant health risks for humans, as well as environmental risks ... improvement of the capacity and technology of the sewage treatment plants (STPs), and (ii) whether the public s aggregated willingness to pay (WTP) to this end is sufficient to offset the costs ... municipality due to the small size of the sample Though since some of the key characteristics of the sample are similar to those of the population, sample results presented in this paper have indicative...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 01:20

... assumptions put forward in the previous paragraphs They depend heavily on the assumed traffic composition and on the importance of the different journey purposes for passenger cars For instance, ... nonfatal accidents and illnesses (Marin and Psacharopoulos (1982)) The SIP approach10consists of asking a sample of people more or less directly about their willingness to pay for improved safety or ... costs of these accidents to pedestrians or cyclists Define E," and E," as the externalities with the risks of death and serious injury imposed by car drivers on other road users The sum of these...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 11:20

... transmitted Perpetrators can use various methods to intercept the data IP spoofing, for example, entails posing as an authorized party in the data transmission by using the Internet Protocol (IP) ... administrators to assist employees who have forgotten their passwords or to determine the passwords of employees who have left the company without telling anyone what their passwords were Placed ... computers still exists and with that comes a distrust of the Internet This distrust can limit the business opportunities for companies, especially those that are completely Web based Thus, companies...

Ngày tải lên: 14/03/2014, 22:20

... across regions Uneven progress across the Bank s regions, but (for the first time) progress in all regions  Dramatic progress in East Asia Looking back to the early 198 0s, East Asia was the ... substantially revised and updated version of the Bank s website PovcalNet will be released, which will allow public access to the primary data, to replicate these estimates and to make estimates ... 1981-2008 are still poor by the standards of middle-income developing countries, and certainly by the standards of what poverty means in rich countries  There has been less long-run progress in getting...

Ngày tải lên: 29/03/2014, 09:20

Ngày tải lên: 12/06/2014, 16:17

... is a solution in the sense of distributions to P , and the pass to the limit in 2.22 with v vk and w ϕ yields to b vΔ s · ϕΔ s − F s, u1 v uΔ · ϕ s s; σ − F s, uσ s s a b a · ϕσ s s 2.25 Δ s ... This paper is organized as follows In Section 2, we deduce sufficient conditions for the existence of solutions in the sense of distributions to P Under certain hypotheses, we approximate solutions ... in the sense of distributions u1 Theorem 3.2 If f : D × 0, ∞ → R satisfies (C , (Cc , and (NI , then, P with F most one solution in the sense of distributions f has at Proof Suppose that P has...

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 11:20

... methods II and III Another issue on comparing these methods is to investigate which is the best Ways of challenging models is a difficult topic which is beyond the scope of this paper (see for instance ... expectation has the same expression as in (21) with Îii and ci replacing fand i L - z respectively NUMERICAL APPLICATION Procedures described in this paper are applied to the problem of screening superior ... with an observed frequency of response p in n offspring i i These probability statements can be made for specific sires given their progeny = test data p or 11’) and the characteristics of the...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 20:20

Ngày tải lên: 28/08/2014, 06:15

... our application of the proposed interactive method to a real application: a Spam-Email Detection System, which relies on the well-known Spam-Assassin architecture SpamAssassin is a common antispam ... large POF If a DM is present, he/she might wish to impose their preference on the results This is the case where we can use our proposed method To apply the proposed interactive method to the DMEA-II ... represents a rule of SpamAssassin The input of each node represents whether or not the rule is activated by an email The weight of each node is respected to the score of that rule SpamAssassin...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2015, 10:00

... application problem, it proposes an enhancement and enrichment system for BSV This system is better than the existing systems as it automatically approximates the 3D position of the ball, extends the ... identification and indexing of these sports-specific events in the broadcast sports video are being done for some specific purposes For example, currently media companies employ a group of experts to identify ... propose the unbiased measure function to fairly measure small and/or partial ellipses Measure function is the concept that we propose to understand and classify the existing ellipse Hough transforms...

Ngày tải lên: 15/09/2015, 21:56

... things whose existence is at least genuinely possible And the provision of just such a conception is one of the principal tasks of metaphysics.3 The point of these remarks is to emphasise there cannot ... and any one of these physical states That is to say, suppose it is not the case that there is one of these physical states, say Pi, such that if either one of the states M and Pi had not existed, ... cause (Call this premise the principle of the causal closure of the physical.) (2) Some physical states have mental states amongst their causes (Call this premise the principle of psychophysical...

Ngày tải lên: 21/09/2012, 10:39

... of the purposes of ISMs and the concepts of systems approach, the validity of an integrated systems model pertains to four aspects: the soundness and completeness of the model structure, plausibility ... this phase can be compared with expert opinions (hypotheses) and/or field data obtained in Phase (step 5) to assess the soundness and completeness of the model s structure The second purpose is ... response to a pressure The horizontal integration addresses the cross-linkages and interactions between pressures, states, impacts and responses for the various subsystems distinguished in the integrated...

Ngày tải lên: 06/11/2012, 10:35

... cộng xe buýt tầng ) Quốc huy Scôtlen Hoa ThistleHoa biểu tượng Trang phục nhạc cụ truyền thống nam giới Scôtlen đất nước lâu đài pháo đài cổ Hoa biểu trưng cho xứ Wales hoa Thuỷ tiên tỏi ... Anh biết đến xứ s s ơng mù truyền thống củûa môn thể thao vua với tên tiếng : Michael Owen, DavidBeckam … Loài hoa biểu tượng Anh hoa Hồng Màu s c đặc trưng dòch vụ công...

Ngày tải lên: 17/09/2013, 08:10

... applications to share, compute and storage resources transparently” [8] So, overall, we can say that the Grid is about resource sharing; this includes computers, storage, sensors and networks ... software resources” [4] or a “widely Sequential applications Sequential applications Sequential applications Parallel applications Parallel applications Parallel programming environment Cluster middleware ... goal of OGSA is to standardize almost all the services that a grid application may use, for example job and resource management services, communications and security OGSA specifies a Service-Oriented...

Ngày tải lên: 19/10/2013, 03:20

... possible And the provision of just such a conception is one of the principal tasks of metaphysics.3 The point of these remarks is to emphasise there cannot be progress either in the philosophy of ... sciences, but rather that of metaphysics Some people believe that the age of metaphysics is past and that what metaphysicians aspire to achieve is an impossible dream They claim that it is an illusion ... myth to suppose that a reality independent of our beliefs exists at all To these sceptics I reply that the pursuit of metaphysics is inescapable for any rational being and that they themselves demonstrate...

Ngày tải lên: 01/11/2013, 07:20

... other languages at other times and places The proposition which an English speaker expresses in asserting ‘Snow is white’ is the very same proposition which a French speaker expresses in asserting ... monkeys to alert other monkeys to the presence of various kinds of predator.19 One type of call appears to represent the presence of eagles, another the presence of snakes, and yet another the presence ... states of mind should depend for their causal powers upon the propositions which allegedly constitute their ‘contents’ For abstract entities themselves not appear to possess any causal powers...

Ngày tải lên: 01/11/2013, 07:20

... relations to each other and to other states of suitable types This does not seem to make sense How could something possess states of belief, desire, hope and pain and yet be as devoid of consciousness ... question For the same reason, functionalism seems to commit us to bizarre possibilities, such as the possible existence of ‘zombies’ – creatures capable of possessing beliefs, desires and even pains ... question is reminiscent of the question raised earlier as to whether something like a pile of pebbles could, in principle, possess states of consciousness The functionalist was envisaged as responding...

Ngày tải lên: 01/11/2013, 07:20

... empirical psychologists as to the proper theoretical framework for investigating perceptual systems and processes Most contemporary psychologists assume that the chief function of perceptual systems ... the causal theory implies that perception is not as it seems to be, then it is incumbent upon the causal theorist to explain why perception is not as it seems to be But perhaps he has the resources ... objects can possess In short, the child must apparently be able to bring objects and their properties under concepts in order to enjoy such an experience; and the concepts which it exercises in any...

Ngày tải lên: 01/11/2013, 07:20