american sign language generation

... Sign Language Sign language NLG requires 3D spatial representa- tions and multichannel coordinated output, but it’s not unique in this requirement. In fact, generation of a communication signal ... applications for the generation of gesture animation and other communication signals that are not easily encoded as text strings. 1 Introduction and Motivations American Sign Language (ASL) is ... English text into American Sign Language (ASL) animation can improve information accessibility for the majority of deaf adults with limited English literacy. ASL natural language generation (NLG)...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 06:20

... method results in significantly bet- ter sentence generation outcomes than a widely adopted approach. 1 Introduction The problem of sentence boundary determination in natural language generation exists ... natural language generation that optimizes a set of criteria based on examples in a corpus. Compared to exist- ing sentence boundary determination ap- proaches, our work offers three signifi- cant ... general, the SBC is a parameter that is sensitive to a generation system’s capability such as its competence in reference expression generation. If a generation system does not have a robust ap- proach...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 15:20

... in a sign language generation con- text. In R. Schulmeister and H. Reinitzer, editors, Progress in sign language research.(In honor of Siegmund Prillwitz), International Studies on Sign Language ... the last half century sign languages have been recognized as genuine languages. Thus sign languages are now accepted as minority languages, which coexist with majority languages (Neidle et al., ... R.G. Lee. 2000. The Syntax of American Sign Language. MIT Press. S. Prillwitz, R. Leven, H. Zienert, T. Hanke, J. Henning, et al. 1989. Hamburg Notation System for Sign Languages - An Introductory...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 16:20

... Universal Grammar and American Sign Language: Setting the Null Argument Parameters. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers. MacWhinney, B., & Snow, C. (1985). The Child Language Data Exchange ... FELICITY, a sentence generation model that emulates early child language output, has been designed in order to determine whether the 'null- subject' phenomenon in early child language can ... The Child Language Data Exchange System. Journal of Child Language, 12, 271-296. Pinker, S. (1984). Language learnability and language development. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press....

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 21:20

... models for language generation, see e.g., Barzilay and Lee (2002), who use lattices, or Mairesse et al. (2010), who use dynamic Bayesian networks. 2 Generation Spaces We are concerned with the generation ... Text Generation. Proceeding of the 6th International Con- ference on Natural Language Generation (INLG). Nina Dethlefs, Heriberto Cuay´ahuitl, and Jette Viethen. 2011. Optimising Natural Language ... (EACL), pages 313–320. Anja Belz. 2008. Automatic generation of weather forecast texts using comprehensiveprobabilis- tic generation- space models. Natural Language Engi- neering, 1:1–26. Heriberto Cuay´ahuitl,...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 22:20

... adjectives can, depend- ing on context, occur in almost any order: the large red American car ??the American red large car *car American red the large Some orders are more marked than others, but none ... Langkilde and Kevin Knight. 1998b. The practi- cal value of n-grams in generation. In Proceedings of the International Natural Language Generation Workshop, Niagara-on-the-Lake, Ontario. Fernando Pereira, ... bigram method and the memory-based learning method The order of prenominal adjectives in natural language generation Robert Malouf Alfa Informatica Rijksuniversiteit Groningen Postbus 716 9700 AS Groningen The...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 05:20

... 1986. Description-Directed Natural Language Generation. Proceedingm el tAe Ninth IJCAI Conference, Los Angeles. 84. McKeown, K.R., 1982. Genera~ng Nahum /Language in l~qJm~ to Q~m~o~ ~ D~.~b~e ... both styles is described. 1 Introduction PAULINE (Planning And Uttering Language In Natural Environments) is a language generation program that is able to realize a given input in a number ... nature of language generation and the way that generators of the future will have to be structured. One insight pertains to the problems encoun- tered when the various tasks of generation...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 18:20

... natural language generation. In ICAPS. Alexander Koller and Matthew Stone. 2007. Sentence generation as planning. In Proceedings of ACL. Oliver Lemon. 2008. Adaptive Natural Language Generation ... ACL. Alice Oh and Alexander Rudnicky. 2002. Stochastic natural language generation for spoken dialog sys- tems. Computer, Speech & Language, 16(3/4):387– 407. Tim Paek and Eric Horvitz. 2000. ... the users rate the individual presentation strategies as significantly different (F (2) = 1361, p < .001). We find that SUMMARY is rated significantly worse (p = .05 with Bonferroni correction)...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 21:20

... speeding-up of natural language generation. Its main advantage for NLG is that the complexity of the (linguistically oriented) decision making process during natural language generation can be ... Therefore, the EBL approach is also very interesting for natural language generation (NLG). Informally, NLG is the production of a natural language text from computer-internal representa- tion of ... be generated. 218 Applying Explanation-based Learning to Control and Speeding-up Natural Language Generation Giinter Neumann DFKI GmbH Stuhlsatzenhausweg 3 66123 Saarbriicken, Germany neumann@df...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 21:20

... Natural Language Generation& apos;, Proceedings of UCAI-85, W.Kaufmann Inc., Los Altos CA. Mann W., Bates M., Grosz G., McDonald D., McKeown K., Swartout W., "Report of the Panel on Text Generation& quot; ... about style have access to. Our theory emerged out of design experiments we have made over the past year with our natural language generation system, the Zetalisp program MUMBLE. In the process ... M1T. McDonald,D. (1984) "[kscription Directed Control: Its implications for natural language generation& quot;, International Journal of Computers and Mathematics, 9(1) Spring 1984. McDonald,D....

Ngày tải lên: 09/03/2014, 01:20

... Criteria in Language Generation Manfred Stede Department of Computer Science University of Toronto Toronto M5S 1A4, Canada mstede~cs.toronto.edu 1 Introduction In natural language generation ... Lexical Selection and Paraphrase in a Meaning-Text Generation Model. In C. L. Paris, W. R. Swartout, and W. C. Mann, editors, Natu- ral Language Generation in Artificial Intelligence and Computational ... case of conflict, a random choice is made. 6 Summary and Future Work An important task in language generation is to choose the words that most adequately fit into the ut- terance situation...

Ngày tải lên: 09/03/2014, 01:20

... spoken language understanding. In Proceedings of ICASSP, 2003. S. Varges and C. Mellish. Instance-based natural language generation. In Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the North American ... automatically evaluating natural lan- guage generation systems. Computational Linguistics, 25: 529–558, 2009. V. Rieser and O. Lemon. Natural language generation as planning under uncertainty for ... extensible language modeling toolkit. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Spoken Language Processing, 2002. M. Tang, X. Luo, and S. Roukos. Active learning for statis- tical natural language...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 00:20

... approach, Stoia et al. train classi- fiers that signal when the context conditions (e.g. visibility of target and distractors) are appropriate for the generation of an RE. This method can be then ... space reasons, we will present primarily examples in- stead of definitions. 3.1 TAG sentence generation The CRISP generation problem (like that of SPUD (Stone et al., 2003)) assumes a lexicon of entries consisting ... leaves of the derived tree we build in this way. 3.2 TAG generation as planning In the CRISP system, Koller and Stone (2007) show how this generation problem can be solved by converting it into...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 00:20

... taken in the system, enables the basic language generation algorithms application independent and language independent. At the final stage of language generation it checks the compatibility ... users during a conversation. 1 Introduction ‘Natural Language Generation also known as ‘Automated Discourse Generation or simply ‘Text Generation , is a branch of computational linguistics, ... Mandarin Chinese. The NLG part of this system uses trigram language model for selecting appropriate inflectional form for target language generation. When NLG (or NLP) technology is ap- plied...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 04:20

... system were among those shown to be needed in a natural language database system. Implementation of the TEXT system for natural language generation used a portion of the Office of Naval Research ... interacting mechanisms constitutes a departure from earlier generation systems. The approach taken in this research is that the generation process should not simply trace the knowledge representation ... a given question. Although the system was designed to generate answers to questions about database structure (a feature lacking in most natural language database systems), the same techniques...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 19:21

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 19:21

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 19:21

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 18:20

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 18:20

Ngày tải lên: 24/03/2014, 01:21