adding noun phrase structure

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 18:20

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 00:20

... closely related to that of linguistic head nouns and modi- fiers for noun phrases. In many cases, the IHs of noun phrase queries are exactly the head nouns in the linguistic sense. Exceptions mostly ... focus of previous works, but also understanding their semantic structure. In this work, we formally define the semantic structure of noun phrase queries as comprised of intent heads and intent modifiers. ... language tend to have strong syntactic structures, such an approach was demonstrated to be accurate in identifying head nouns. In identifying IHs in noun phrase queries, how- ever, direct syntactic...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 04:20

Ngày tải lên: 12/12/2013, 20:22

... 2012. c 2012 Association for Computational Linguistics Robust Conversion of CCG Derivations to Phrase Structure Trees Jonathan K. Kummerfeld † Dan Klein † James R. Curran ‡ † Computer Science Division ‡ e -lab, ... james@it.usyd.edu.au Abstract We propose an improved, bottom-up method for converting CCG derivations into PTB-style phrase structure trees. In contrast with past work (Clark and Curran, 2009), which used simple transductions ... inconsistencies. Clark and Curran (2009) developed a CCG to PTB conversion that treats the CCG derivation as a phrase structure tree and applies hand-crafted rules to ev- ery pair of categories that combine in...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 19:20

... and Cardie & Pierce (1998) use rule-based systems. 2 Learning Base Noun Phrases by Machine We used the base noun phrase system of Ramshaw and Marcus (R&M) as the machine learning ... set. The distribution of noun phrase types, iden- tified by their part of speech sequence, roughly obeys Zipf's Law (Zipf, 1935): there is a large tail of noun phrase types that occur ... is not a rule that can generalize across a large number of these low-frequency noun phrases, the only way noun phrases in the tail of the distribution can be learned is by learning low-count...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 19:20

... coreference resolution of noun phrases. Computational Linguistics, 27(4):521–544. Veselin Stoyanov, Nathan Gilbert, Claire Cardie, and Ellen Riloff. 2009. Conundrums in noun phrase coreference resolution: ... the antecedent for an NP, NP k , the closest preceding noun phrase that is classified as coreferent with it. 4 However, if no such preceding noun phrase exists, no antecedent is selected for NP k . ... Empirical Evaluations of Pronoun Resolution. Ph.D. thesis, University of Rochester, USA. Olga Uryupina. 2003. High-precision identification of discourse new and unique noun phrases. In Proceed- ings...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 22:20

... Symbol Category Features s sentence np vp args det n pron V noun phrase verb phrase verb arguments determiner noun pronoun verb n (number), p (person) n, p, c (case) n, p, t (verb ... Acceptor for Noun Phrases phrases: NP -+ Det Nom [ PN Det -+ Art ] NP's Nom -+ N I Nom PP J Adj Nom PP * P NP The symbols Art, N, PN and P correspond to the parts of speech article, noun, ... Computer Science, Yale University PO Box 2158 Yale Station New Haven, CT 06520 Abstract Phrase- structure grammars are an effective rep- resentation for important syntactic and semantic aspects...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 07:20

... point it must lack a third person singular noun phrase in a position where such a noun phrase could otherwise have occurred. If it lacks no noun phrase, we get ungrammatical strings of the ... every rule that expands a verb phrase as verb followed by noun phrase followed by anything else (including nothing else), there is another rule that expands verb phrase as verb with passive morphology ... following analysis of noun phrases as second-order properties (essentially the analysis of Montague (]970)). For example, the proper name Egon and the quantified noun phrase every opplicant...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 18:20

... Complex noun sequences. Semantic patterns in complex noun phrases fall into two types: part names and other noun phrases. Names for pieces of equipment often con- tain complex noun sequences, ... more noun modifiers of nouns constructions (Noun + Noun construc- tions) in the equipment failure messages than there were in the medical records, and more prepositional phrase modifiers of noun ... In other noun phrases, i.e. those that are not part names, the head nouns can have other semantic categories. For example, looking back at the sentences in (3), the head noun of a noun sequence...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 18:20

... node is found, the semantic interpretation is immediately produced. 3. Data structure and algorithm 3.1. Data structure The algorithm takes in input a preprocessed string and returns a graph ... ordering number of the interpretation. This structure is called 'multiple node'. Figure 3 shows multiple nodes participating to different structures. 4. An example The most relevant ... Process. VoI.I: Syntax. Addison-Wesley. 202 AN EFFICIENT CONTEXT-FREE PARSER FOR AUGMENTED PHRASE- STRUCTURE GRAMMARS Massimo Marino*, Antonella Spiezio, Giacomo Ferrari*, Irina Prodanof+ *Linguistics...

Ngày tải lên: 09/03/2014, 01:20

... ambiguous structures are shown in Table 1. (1) noun prep noun adj noun prep noun prep det noun noun adj noun noun prep noun noun noun prep noun prep noun noun noun adj noun noun noun noun noun ... D'EQUILIBRAGE # EQU1LIBRAGE MANUEL (3) noun1 prep noun2 prep noun3 parsing rule [c] noun1 prep noun2 prep noun3 # noun1 prep noun2 # noun2 prep noun3 example of parse ALARME DE SYNTHESE ... TRAPPE EN POSITION FERMEE (noun prep det noun prep det noun prep noun prep noun prep noun adj). (2) At the parsing stage, LEXTER parses the maximal-length noun phrases (henceforth MLNP) in...

Ngày tải lên: 09/03/2014, 01:20

... more complex noun phrases. According to Hasselgård et al, (1998) there are two types of noun phrases: one is noun- headed phrases; the other one is pronoun-headed phrase. Pronoun-headed phrases play ... same as noun- headed phrases do. In addition, pronoun-headed phrases play different roles in the text. Excluding indefinite pronouns and wh-pronouns, pronouns can substitute full noun phrases ... English. On the other hand, noun- 4 EXAMPLE 1.2 Background 1.2.1 The noun phrase According to Bakken (2006), the head of a noun phrase is a noun or a pronoun. If the head is a noun, it may combine with...

Ngày tải lên: 10/03/2014, 05:20

... head nouns from base noun phrases (NPB) (i.e. noun phrases that do not dominate other noun phrases) because the underspecified annotation of NPBs in the WSJ means that the conjoined head nouns ... extracted all noun pairs from the BNC which occurred in a pattern of the form: noun cc noun 1 , as well as lists of any number of nouns separated by commas and ending in cc noun. Each noun in the ... first consists of all nouns pairs which make up the head words of two conjuncts in coordinate noun phrases (again not including coordinate NPBs). We found 601 such coordinate noun pairs. The second...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 04:20

... [adjective, noun] as a lexical atom than for the pair [noun, noun] : a noun- noun pair is much more likely to be a lexical atom than an adjective -noun one. The general process of phrase generation ... optimum phrase analysis (described below). Lexical atoms are discovered at the same time, during simplex noun phrase parsing. Phrase generation is quite simple. Once the struc- ture of a noun phrase ... in the corpus. Parsing of simplex noun phrases is done in mul- tiple phases. At each phase, noun phrases are par- tially parsed, then the partially parsed structures are used as input to start...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 09:20

... that it might be possible to "infer" a phrase s~ruc'~r,e ~ L,-,, jus~ the grouping s~ruc~ure of ~he input (i.e., j us~ phrase boundaries). Pur~her, the set of descrip~iuns ... unbounded T/leory of ~z~nsformations," ki~ic Analysis, Vol. 2, 1976. [2] Gezdar, .G.J.M., " ;Phrase s-~,%~-%n0z~ grammar," to appear zn The Nal-ure of S},nr.actic Representation, (eds....

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 19:20

Ngày tải lên: 20/03/2014, 22:20

... noun phrases (2) Generalization by noun phrases MT output : NP1 NP2 NP3 Reference : NP NP3 NP1 NP2 Figure 3: Example of generalization by noun phrases. Figure 3 presents three corresponding noun phrases ... γ 2 P wd multi (8) 2.3 Phrase- level Score The system calculates the phrase- level score using the noun phrases obtained by chunking. First, the system extracts only noun phrases from sentences. ... the common noun phrase parts; m cnp and n cnp respectively signify the quantities of common noun phrases in the reference and MT output. Moreover, m no cnp and n no cnp are the quanti- ties of noun phrases...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 16:20

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 18:20

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 19:20