a top down approach featuring the internet 5th edition

... Networking: A Top- Down Approach Featuring the Internet, 5th Edition – Translate by K55CC Computer Networking - A Top- Down Approach Featuring the Internet, 5th edition Solutions to Review Questions and ... Networking: A Top- Down Approach Featuring the Internet, 5th Edition – Translate by K55CC - Với chế độ download-and-delete sau người dùng lấy tin nhắn từ máy chủ POP, tin nhắn bị x? ?a Điều đặt vấn ... nh Page Computer Networking: A Top- Down Approach Featuring the Internet, 5th Edition – Translate by K55CC a Giả sử bạn định dạng cho thư bạn to làm việc chế độ down xong x? ?a Hồn thành giao dịch

Ngày tải lên: 28/02/2015, 19:04

... that you note that they are adapted from (or perhaps identical to) our slides, and note our copyright of this material Computer Networking: A Top Down Approach Featuring the Internet, 3rd edition ... stored audio and video 2) Streaming live audio and video 3) Real-time interactive audio and video Jitter is the variability of packet delays within the same packet stream Fundamental characteristics: ... transmitted data: in time for playout 7: Multimedia Networking 7-8 Streaming Live Multimedia Examples: Ì Internet radio talk show Ì Live sporting event Streaming Ì playback buffer Ì playback can lag tens

Ngày tải lên: 27/06/2014, 16:20

... data managing data entity managed device agent data network management protocol managed device managed devices contain managed objects whose data is gathered into a Management Information Base (MIB) ... the real-time, operational performance, and Quality of Service requirements at a reasonable cost." Network 9-4 Infrastructure for network management definitions: managing entity agent data managing ... (MIB) agent data agent data managed device managed device Network 9-5 Network Management standards OSI CMIP Ì Common Management Information Protocol Ì designed 1980’s: the unifying net management

Ngày tải lên: 27/06/2014, 16:20

... that these ten cars follow each other in a fixed order You can think of each car as a bit and the caravan as a packet Also suppose that each toll booth services (i.e., transmits) a car at a rate ... of one car per 12 seconds, and that it is late at night so that the caravan's cars are only cars on the highway Finally, suppose that whenever the first car of the caravan arrives at a toll booth, ... departure-gate-to-arrival-gate transfer of a person and their bags is accomplished At the takeoff/landing layer, runway-to-runway transfer of a person (actually, many people) and their bags, is accomplished

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 13:21

... three phases: authorization, transaction and update During the first phase, authorization, the user agent sends a user name and a password to authenticate the user downloading the mail During the ... each node IP passes the datagram to the link layer, which delivers the datagram to the next node along the route At this next node, the link layer passes the IP datagram to the network layer The ... NBP (at an NBP hub), but it can also tap directly into an NAP, in which case the regional NBP pays a monthly fee to a NAP instead of to a NBP A regional ISP can also tap into the Internet backbone

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 13:21

... data from the upper-layer via the rdt_send(data)event, puts the data into a packet (via the action make_pkt(packet,data)) and sends the packet into the channel In practice, the rdt_send(data)event ... the canonical name for a hostname As an example, (foo.com, relay1.bar.foo.com, CNAME) is a CNAME record If Type=MX, then Value is a hostname of a mail server that has an alias hostname Name As ... structure The application data occupies the data field of the UDP datagram For example, for DNS, the data field contains either a query message or a response message For a streaming audio application,

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 13:21

... forward from the top of the diagram towards the bottom of the diagram; note that a receive time for a packet is neccessarily later than the send time for a packet as a result of transmisison and ... added variables (similar to programming language variables) for base and nextseqnum, and also added operations on these variables and conditional actions involving these variables Note that the extended-FSM ... networking) transport-layer protocol At the other extreme, a transport layer protocol can provide a variety of guarantees to applications, such as reliable delivery of data, delay guarantees and bandwidth

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 13:21

... E and F can exchange IPv6 packets, the arriving IPv4 packets at E from D not contain all of the fields that were in te original IPv6 packet sent from A An alternative to the dual stack approach, ... the sender to use a separate unicast transport connection to each of the receivers An applicationlevel data unit that is passed to the transport layer is then duplicated at the sender and transmitted ... file:///D|/Downloads/Livros/computaỗóo/Computer%20Net own%2 0Approach% 2 0Featuring% 2 0the% 2 0Internet/ mcast.htm (2 of 20)20/11/2004 15:52:28 Multicast Routing datagram would swamp the amount of data actually carried in the datagram's

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 13:21

... contains a multicast datagram When the unicast datagram arrives at B, B then extracts the multicast datagram B may then forward the multicast datagram on to one of its attached hosts, forward the ... the frame, it extracts the enclosed datagram and passes the datagram up the protocol stack All the other adapters on the LAN also receive the frame; but these other adapters discard the frame without ... and multicast address fields) is carried as the payload of an IP unicast datagram - a complete multicast IP dagram inside of a unicast IP datagram! The unicast datagram is then addressed to the

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 13:21

... an IP datagram from one host to another host, with both hosts on the same Ethernet LAN Let the sending adapter, adapter A, have physical address AA-AA-AA-AA-AA-AA and the receiving adapter, adapter ... network layer That is to say, when adapter A wants to send a datagram to adapter B, adapter A encapsulates the datagram in an Ethernet frame and sends the frame into the LAN, without first "handshaking" ... data, even though this datagram contains data that has already been transmitted at least once Baseband Transmission and Manchester Encoding Ethernet uses baseband transmission, that is, the adapter

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 13:21

... all the samples are concatenated together to form the digital representation of the signal As an example, if an analog audio signal is sampled at 8,000 samples per second , each sample is quantized ... message, launches the associated media player, and passes the file to the media player The media player then renders the audio/video file Figure 6.2-1 A naive implementation for audio streaming Although ... sees the content-type for the file, it can launch the appropriate media player, and thereby have the media player directly contact the server We have have just learned how a meta file can allow a

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 13:22

... header, it determines the SA for the packet and then authenticates the integrity of the datagram by processing the authentication data field The IPsec authentication scheme (for both the AH and ... the original IP datagram data with header and trailer fields, and then inserting this encapsulated data into the data field of an IP datagram For the protocol field in the header of the IP datagram, ... the AH header augments the original data field, and this augmented data field is encapsulated as a standard IP datagram For the protocol field in the IP header, the value 51 is used to indicate

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 13:22

... security capabilities STA and AS mutually authenticate, together generate Master Key (MK) AP servers as “pass through” STA derives Pairwise Master Key (PMK) STA, AP use PMK to derive Temporal Key ... Networking: A Top Down Approach Featuring the Internet, 3rd edition Jim Kurose, Keith Ross Addison-Wesley, July 2004 Slide biên dịch sang tiếng Việt theo cho phép tác giả All material copyright ... security payload (ESP)   với AH ESP, nguồn – đích bắt tay nhau:  tạo kênh logic lớp network gọi security association (SA)  SA theo chiều  xác định bởi:  giao thức bảo mật (AH ESP)  đ? ?a IP nguồn

Ngày tải lên: 04/12/2015, 08:13

... network data link physical ca gi lo r application transport network data link physical application transport network data link physical available: r r delay guarantees bandwidth guarantees Transport ... IP datagrams each datagram has source IP address, destination IP address r each datagram carries transport-layer segment r each segment has source, destination port number Ì host uses IP addresses ... TCP and UDP application transport network data link physical application transport network data link physical Transport Layer 3-4 Transport vs network layer Ì network layer: logical communication

Ngày tải lên: 27/06/2014, 16:20

... to the Web application; for example, they are also used for authentication and data encryption for IMAP mail access SSL can be viewed as a layer that sits between the application layer and the ... subsequent payment capture Acquirer gateway: The acquirer gateway is the software component at the merchant's bank It processes the merchant's payment card transaction for authorization and payment ... for fraudulent transactions Thus, if a customer makes a MOTO purchase with a payment card and claims to have never made the purchase, then the merchant is liable, that is, the merchant is legally

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 13:22

... ecologists calculate the diversity of a rainbow, or a gradient of vegetation across a large space?” For at least 75 years, applied scientists such as game and fisheries managers have accepted that the ... detail by adopting a top- down approach to the study of landscape ecology A Top- Down Approach Our approach to landscape ecology is to emphasize the effect mobile organisms have on the functioning ... Matrix became the standard by which population analysts and demographers conducted discrete cohort demographic analyses Roughly the same matrix algebraic approach is now readily applicable to a much

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 10:22

... Trophic–Dynamic Theory Inductive reasoning allows generalization of a class after reasoning about a particular member of the class For instance, if we observed that all swans in a particular lake were ... water is a liquid Another state change occurs at 100 C Between critical values, nothing unusual happens Perhaps the same is true of fragmentation As humans accelerated fragmentation, a critical ... ecology in their book was the study of the distribution and abundance of particular species of animals Andrewartha and Birch (1954) considered food, weather, other animals, and ? ?a place in which

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 10:22

... Consider the Aral Sea in Asia as an example 4. 7 Design a reserve to protect sea turtles Note that 99.99% of their lives are spent in the open sea 4. 8 Compare and contrast landscapes and seascapes ... forest that extends across Siberia, the largest tract of forest on earth, constitute an ecosystem or a landscape? How does an elevational gradient cre - ate landscapes? What is the analog of the ... the Botku Mountains of Chad, 700 km northeast of Lake Chad, wind has stripped away the soil and is abrasively wearing away the exposed bedrock. Wind is also a depositional process. Great Sand

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 10:22

... how ani- mals are affected by patchy habitats rather than how they create them. Scientists who observe animal activities that may alter habitat usually quantify and interpret those behaviors ... particular static pattern in the landscape, but rather a spatial and temporal variance struc - ture of all components of the landscape. Deer and Songbirds Species richness and abundance of forest ... spatial pattern of the landscape mosaic—again a landscape effect The Patch Foraging Theory... intermediate canopy less than 7 .5 m on thinned and clear-cut sites Three intermediate canopy-nesting

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 10:22

... preadapted species, a phenomenon that has occurred both in Europe and in America Examples are the muskrat, released as a fur animal in Russia and now invading Scandinavia (Danell 1977) and the ... homogeneous habitats often are unstable, either with regard to fluctuation patterns or to local persistence. Adjacent habitats may show multiannual variations in quality for a certain species. A fairly ... first, and the clear-cuts were then really huge. At the same time, a lot of agricultural land was abandoned in the same region. Early succes - sional, grassy patches on forest ground are prime habitats

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 10:22